Contents of Scientometrics Vol:74, No:1 (01.2008)
Eugene Garfield
garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU
Tue Mar 4 16:39:20 EST 2008
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (01/2008)
CONTENTS
ABSTRACTS FOLLOW CONTENTS LISTING
------------------------------------------------------
Howard D. White
Katherine McCain: Recipient of the 2007 Derek de Solla Price Award of the
journal Scientometrics 7
Wolfgang Glänzel
Preface 13
Andrea Bonaccorsi, Cinzia Daraio
The differentiation of the strategic profile of higher education
institutions.
New positioning indicators based on microdata 15
Linda Butler
ICT assessment: Moving beyond journal outputs 39
Lixin Chen, Ronald Rousseau
Q-measures for binary divided networks: Bridges between German and English
institutes in publications of the Journal of Fluid Mechanics 57
Wolfgang Glänzel, Koenraad Debackere, Martin Meyer
‘Triad’ or ‘tetrad’? On global changes in a dynamic world 71
Thilo Gamber, Monika Friedrich-Nishio, Hariolf Grupp
Science and technology in standardization: A statistical analysis of merging
knowledge structures internationalization 89
Vincent Larivière, Alesia Zuccala, Éric Archambault
The declining scientific impact of theses: Implications for electronic
thesis
and dissertation repositories and graduate studies 109
Katarina Larsen
Knowledge network hubs and measures of research impact, science structure,
and publication output in nanostructured solar cell research 123
Szu-Chia Lo
Patent coupling analysis of primary organizations in genetic engineering
research 143
Henk F. Moed
UK Research Assessment Exercises: Informed judgments on research quality or
quantity? 153
Anton J. Nederhof
Policy impact of bibliometric rankings of research performance of
departments
and individuals in economics 163
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ABSTRACTS :
E-mail: whitehd at drexel.edu
Katherine McCain: Recipient of the 2007 Derek de Solla Price Award of the
journal Scientometrics
HOWARD D. WHITE
Information Studies, College of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA (USA)
Address for correspondence:
HOWARD D. WHITE
Information Studies, College of Drexel University
3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19194-2875, USA
E-mail: whitehd at drexel.edu
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 7–10
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0100-9
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Preface
E-mail: Wolfgang.Glanzel at econ.kuleuven.be
WOLFGANG GLÄNZELa,b,c
aSteunpunt O&O Indicatoren, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Belgium)
bKatholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of MSI (Belgium)
cHungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Research Policy Studies,
Budapest (Hungary)
Address for correspondence:
WOLFGANG GLÄNZEL
Steunpunt O&O Indicatoren, KU Leuven
Dekenstraat 2, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
E-mail: Wolfgang.Glanzel at econ.kuleuven.be
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 13–14
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0111-6
-------------------------------
E-mail: a.bonaccorsi at gmail.com
The differentiation of the strategic profile of higher education
institutions. New positioning indicators based on microdata
ANDREA BONACCORSI, CINZIA DARAIO
Department of Electrical Systems and Automation, University of Pisa, Pisa
(Italy)
Abstract
We address the issue of differentiation of the profile of universities and
offer a set of new indicators based on microdata at the individual level
and the application of robust nonparametric efficiency measures. In
particular, we use efficiency measures in order to characterize the way in
which universities use their inputs (academic and non academic staff,
funding) in the effort to position themselves in the space of output
(undergraduate teaching, postgraduate education, fundamental research,
contract research, third mission), while keeping efficiency under control.
The strategic problem of universities is defined as making best use of
existing resources in the short run, while enlarging the scope of autonomy
in procuring additional resources in the long run. In order to make best
use of resources universities are led to increase their specialization and
differentiate their offering profile. This happens even if the European
institutional landscape does not encourage universities to differentiate.
Address for correspondence:
ANDREA BONACCORSI
Department of Electrical Systems and Automation
School of Engineering, University of Pisa
Via Diotisalvi, 2, 56100 Pisa, Italy
E-mail: a.bonaccorsi at gmail.com
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 15–37
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0101-8
-------------------------------
E-mail: linda.butler at anu.edu.au
ICT assessment: Moving beyond journal outputs
LINDA BUTLER
Research Evaluation and Policy Project, Australian National University,
Canberra (Australia)
Abstract
There are increasing moves to deploy quantitative indicators in the
assessment of research, particularly in the university sector. In
Australia, discussions surrounding their use have long acknowledged the
unsuitability of many standard quantitative measures for most humanities,
arts, social science, and applied science disciplines. To fill this void,
several projects are running concurrently. This paper details the
methodology and initial results for one of the projects that aims to rank
conferences into prestige tiers, and which is fast gaining a reputation for
best practice in such exercises. The study involves a five-stage process:
identifying conferences; constructing a preliminary ranking of these;
engaging in extensive consultation; testing performance measures based on
the rankings on ‘live’ data; and assessing the measures. In the past, many
similar attempts to develop a ranking classification for publication
outlets have faltered due to the inability of researchers to agree on a
hierarchy. However the Australian experience suggests that when researchers
are faced with the imposition of alternative metrics that are far less
palatable, consensus is more readily achieved.
Address for correspondence:
LINDA BUTLER
Research Evaluation and Policy Project
Australian National University
ACT 0200, Canberra, Australia
E-mail: linda.butler at anu.edu.au
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 39–55
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0102-7
-------------------------------
E-mail: jeiglesias at icv.csic.es
Q-measures for binary divided networks: Bridges between German and English
institutes in publications of the Journal of Fluid Mechanics
LIXIN CHENa,b, RONALD ROUSSEAUc,d
aDalian University of Technology, 21st Century Development Research Center,
Dalian (P.R. China)
bHenan Normal University, Institute for Science, Technology and Society,
Xinxiang (P.R. China)
cKHBO (Association K.U.Leuven), Industrial Sciences and Technology,
Oostende (Belgium)
dHasselt University, Agoralaan, Diepenbeek (Belgium)
Abstract
We propose a simple way to put in a common scale the h values of
researchers working in different scientific ISI fields, so that the
foreseeable misuse of this index for inter-areas comparison might be
prevented, or at least, alleviated.
Address for correspondence:
JUAN E. IGLESIAS
Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas
Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
E-mail: jeiglesias at icv.csic.es
Scientometrics, Vol. 73, No. 3 (2007) 303–320
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1805-x
-------------------------------
E-mail: ronald.rousseau at khbo.be
The self-cited rate of scientific journals and the manipulation of their
impact factors
GUANG YU, LIANG WANG
School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang (P. R.
China)
Abstract
Q-measures for binary divided networks were introduced in 2004. These
measures can value the status of notes as linkage (or bridges) between two
groups in a connected undirected network. We collected data from the Web of
Science and used a computer programme in order to study Q-measures for an
England-Germany collaboration network in fluid mechanics. The result
indicates that Cambridge University, Manchester University, Technische
Universität Berlin, the Max Planck Institute, Stuttgart University and
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe play the most important roles as bridges
between England and Germany. It is shown that having a high degree
centrality and being a key node are important factors explaining the
ranking of nodes in a network according to Q-value. It is observed that
institutes with a high Q-value have, on average, a higher production than
those with a lower Q-value.
Address for correspondence:
RONALD ROUSSEAU
KHBO (Association K.U.Leuven)
Industrial Sciences and Technology
Zeedijk 101, 8400 Oostende, Belgium
E-mail: ronald.rousseau at khbo.be
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 57–69
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0103-6
-------------------------------
E-mail: Wolfgang.Glanzel at econ.kuleuven.be
‘Triad’ or ‘tetrad’? On global changes in a dynamic world
WOLFGANG GLÄNZELa,b,c, KOENRAAD DEBACKEREa,c, MARTIN MEYERa,d,e
aKatholieke Universiteit Leuven, Steunpunt O&O Indicatoren, Leuven (Belgium)
bHungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Research Policy Studies,
Budapest (Hungary)
cKatholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of MSI, Leuven (Belgium)
dUniversity of Sussex, SPRU, Freeman Ctr., Brighton (England)
eHelsinki University of Technology, Institute for Strategy of
International Business, Helsinki (Finland)
Abstract
The US-EU race for world leadership in science and technology has become
the favourite subject of recent studies. Studies issued by the European
Commission reported the increase of the European share in the world’s
scientific production and announced world leadership of the EU in
scientific output at the end of the last century. In order to be able to
monitor those types of global changes, the present study is based on the 15-
year period 1991–2005. A set of bibliometric and technometric indicators is
used to analyse activity and impact patterns in science and technology
output. This set comprises publication output indicators such as (1) the
share in the world total, (2) subject-based publication profiles, (3)
citation-based indicators like journal- and subject-normalised mean
citation rates, (4) international co-publications and their impact as well
as (5) patent indicators and publication-patent citation links (both
directions). The evolution of national bibliometric profiles, ‘scientific
weight’ and science-technology linkage patterns are discussed as well. The
authors show, using the mirror of science and technology indicators, that
the triad model does no longer hold in the 21st century. China is
challenging the leading sciento-economic powers and the time is approaching
when this country will represent the world’s second largest potential in
science and technology. China and other emerging scientific nations like
South Korea, Taiwan, Brazil and Turkey are already changing the balance of
power as measured by scientific production, as they are at least in part
responsible for the relative decline of the former triad.
Address for correspondence:
WOLFGANG GLÄNZEL
Steunpunt O&O Indicatoren, KU Leuven
Dekenstraat 2, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
E-mail: Wolfgang.Glanzel at econ.kuleuven.be
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 71–88
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0104-5
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E-mail: Hariolf.Grupp at isi.fraunhofer.de
Science and technology in standardization: A statistical analysis of
merging knowledge structures
THILO GAMBERa, MONIKA FRIEDRICH-NISHIOa, HARIOLF GRUPPa,b
aInstitute for Economic Policy Research (IWW), Section System Dynamics and
Innovation, University of Karlsruhe (Germany)
bFraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI), Karlsruhe
(Germany)
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to depict the knowledge array of standards.
This is done by identifying and analyzing external effects, specifically
spillover effects. The database used is Perinorm. We use a cluster analysis
in order to create groups of technology fields for German standards
according to the fields of the International Classification of Standards.
Methodologically, the distances between these objects or clusters are
defined by the chosen distance measure, which in turn is determined by the
sum of their cross references. The applied joining clustering method uses
these distances between the objects and allows the data to be mapped within
a two dimensional space. The results of this mapping show the existence of
structures within the standards data fitting to the well-known structure of
patent spillovers.
Address for correspondence:
HARIOLF GRUPP
Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI)
Breslauer Str. 48, D–76139, Karlsruhe, Germany
E-mail: Hariolf.Grupp at isi.fraunhofer.de
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 89–108
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0105-4
-------------------------------
E-mail: lariviere.vincent at uqam.ca
The declining scientific impact of theses: Implications for electronic
thesis and dissertation repositories and graduate studies
VINCENT LARIVIEREa,d, ALESIA ZUCCALAb, ÉRIC ARCHAMBAULTa,c
aObservatoire des sciences et des technologies (OST), Centre
interuniversitaire de recherche sur la science et la technologie (CIRST),
Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec (Canada)
bRathenau Instituut, Den Haag (The Nederlands)
cScience-Metrix, Montréal, Québec (Canada)
dGraduate School of Library and Information Studies, McGill University,
Montréal, Québec (Canada)
Abstract
Although the writing of a thesis is a very important step for scientists
undertaking a career in research, little information exists on the impact
of theses as a source of scientific information. Knowing the impact of
theses is relevant not only for students undertaking graduate studies, but
also for the building of repositories of electronic theses and
dissertations (ETD) and the substantial investment this involves. This
paper shows that the impact of theses as information sources has been
generally declining over the last century, apart from during the period of
the ‘golden years' of research, 1945 to 1975. There is no evidence of ETDs
having a positive impact; on the contrary, since their introduction the
impact of theses has actually declined more rapidly. This raises questions
about the justification for ETDs and the appropriateness of writing
monograph style theses as opposed to publication of a series of peer-
reviewed papers as the requirement for fulfilment of graduate studies.
Address for correspondence:
VINCENT LARIVIÈRE
Observatoire des sciences et des technologies (OST)
Centre interuniversitaire de recherche sur la science et la technologie
(CIRST)
Université du Québec à Montréal, CP 8888
Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal (Québec) H3C 3P8, Canada
E-mail: lariviere.vincent at uqam.ca
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 109–121
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0106-3
-------------------------------
E-mail: larsen at infra.kth.se
Knowledge network hubs and measures of research impact, science structure,
and publication output in nanostructured solar cell research
KATARINA LARSEN
KTH – The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm (Sweden)
Abstract
This study on co-authorship networks in the area of nanostructured solar
cells aims to contribute to a further understanding of the use of research
evaluation measures of science output, impact and structure in an emerging
research field. The study incorporates quantitative bibliometric methods of
analysis and social network analysis in combination with a qualitative case
study research approach. Conclusions drawn from the results emphasise,
firstly, the importance of distinguishing between early and later phases of
the evolution of a novel research field, and secondly, the application of a
systemic view on learning processes and knowledge diffusion in a science-
based technology field.
Address for correspondence:
KATARINA LARSEN
KTH – The Royal Institute of Technology
Teknikringen 72, Stockholm, Sweden
E-mail: larsen at infra.kth.se
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 123–142
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0107-2
-------------------------------
E-mail: loszuchia at gmail.com
Patent coupling analysis of primary organizations in genetic engineering
research
SZU-CHIA LO
Graduate Institute of Library and Information Science, National Chung Hsing
University, Taichung (Taiwan)
Abstract
The aim of this study is to reveal the possible linkage among the 40
primary organizations in Genetic Engineering Research by taking the Patent
Coupling approach. The primary organizations were defined by the
productivity and identified by the patent count and Bradford Law. The
author analyzed the cited patents of the patents granted by United States
Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) from 1991 to 2002 to the 40 primary
organizations (assignees) in Genetics Engineering Research to establish the
correlation. 780 coupling pairs formed by the 40 primary organizations and
Coupling Index and Coupling Strength were calculated for each pair and
primary organization. Correlation Analysis and Multiple-Dimension Scaling
were applied further based on Coupling Index. Technological clusters were
found in the results of the analyses.
Address for correspondence:
SZU-CHIA LO
Graduate Institute of Library and Information Science
National Chung Hsing University
250 Kuo-kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
E-mail: loszuchia at gmail.com
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 143–151
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0110-7
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E-mail: moed at cwts.leidenuniv.nl
UK Research Assessment Exercises: Informed judgments on research quality or
quantity?
HENK F. MOED
Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS), Leiden University, Leiden
(The Netherlands)
Abstract
A longitudinal analysis of UK science covering almost 20 years revealed in
the years prior to a Research Assessment Exercise (RAE 1992, 1996 and 2001)
three distinct bibliometric patterns, that can be interpreted in terms of
scientists’ responses to the principal evaluation criteria applied in a
RAE. When in the RAE 1992 total publications counts were requested, UK
scientists substantially increased their article production. When a shift
in evaluation criteria in the RAE 1996 was announced from ‘quantity’
to ‘quality’, UK authors gradually increased their number of papers in
journals with a relatively high citation impact. And during 1997–2000,
institutions raised their number of active research staff by stimulating
their staff members to collaborate more intensively, or at least to co-
author more intensively, although their joint paper productivity did not.
This finding suggests that, along the way towards the RAE 2001, evaluated
units in a sense shifted back from ‘quality’ to ‘quantity’. The analysis
also observed a slight upward trend in overall UK citation impact,
corroborating conclusions from an earlier study. The implications of the
findings for the use of citation analysis in the RAE are briefly discussed.
Address for correspondence:
HENK F. MOED
Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS)
Leiden University
P. O. Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands
E-mail: moed at cwts.leidenuniv.nl
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 153–161
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0108-1
-------------------------------
E-mail: nederhof at cwts.leidenuniv.nl
Policy impact of bibliometric rankings of research performance of
departments and individuals in economics
ANTON J. NEDERHOF
Centre for Science and Technology Studies, (CWTS), University of Leiden,
Leiden (The Netherlands)
Abstract
This paper examines policy-relevant effects of a yearly public ranking of
individual researchers and their institutes in economics by means of their
publication output in international top journals. In 1980, a grassroots
ranking (‘Top 40’) of researchers in the Netherlands by means of their
publications in international top journals started a competition among
economists. The objective was to improve economics research in the
Netherlands to an internationally competitive level. The ranking lists did
stimulate output in prestigious international journals. Netherlands
universities tended to perform well compared to universities elsewhere in
the EU concerning volume of output in ISI source journals, but their
citation impact was average. Limitations of ranking studies and of
bibliometric monitoring in the field of economics are discussed.
Address for correspondence:
ANTON J. NEDERHOF
Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS)
Leiden University
P. O. Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands
E-mail: nederhof at cwts.leidenuniv.nl
Scientometrics, Vol. 74, No. 1 (2008) 163–174
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-008-0109-0
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