Contents of Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 ( January 2008)

Tue Mar 4 16:17:59 EST 2008

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008)

CONTENTS
ABSTRACTS AND AUTHOR ADDRESSES FOLLOW AFER CONTENTS LISTING.
______________________________________________________________

Sung-Soo Seol, Jung-Min Park 
Knowledge sources of innovation studies in Korea: A citation analysis	3

Grant Lewison, Ramesh Kundra 
The internal migration of Indian scientists, 1981–2003, from an analysis of 
surnames	21

David Chavalarias, Jean-Philippe Cointet
Bottom-up scientific field detection for dynamical and hierarchical science 
mapping, methodology and case study	37

Chen-Yuan Liu, Shenq-Yih Luo 
Analysis of developing a specific technological field using the theme code 
of Japanese patent information	51

Huang Yi, Xiaolan Ao, Yuh-Shan Ho
Use of citation per publication as an indicator to evaluate 
pentachlorophenol research	67

Jonathan Adams, Karen Gurney, Louise Jackson
Calibrating the zoom – a test of Zitt’s hypothesis	81

Zhi Li, Yuh-Shan Ho 
Use of citation per publication as an indicator to evaluate contingent 
valuation research	97

Huang Yi, Zhao Xi 
Trends of DDT research during the period of 1991 to 2005	111

B. M. Gupta, S. M. Dhawan 
Condensed matter physics: An analysis of India’s research output, 1993-2001
	123

F. Collazo-Reyes, M. E. Luna-Morales, J. M. Russell, M. A. Pérez-Angón 
Publication and citation patterns of Latin American & Caribbean journals in 
the SCI 
and SSCI from 1995 to 2004	145

Jean-Francois Molinari, Alain Molinari
A new methodology for ranking scientific institutions	163

Marija Petek
Personal name headings in COBIB: Testing Lotka’s Law	175

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E-mail: s.s.seol at hnu.kr
Knowledge sources of innovation studies in Korea: A citation analysis

SUNG-SOO SEOLa, JUNG-MIN PARKb

a Department of Economics, College of Economics and Business, Hannam 
University, Daejon (Republic of Korea)
b Hi-tech Business Research Institute, Hannam University, Daejon (Republic 
of Korea)

Abstract
This paper is an investigation of the knowledge sources of Korean 
innovation studies using citation analysis, based on a Korean database 
during 1993–2004. About two thirds of knowledge has come from foreign 
sources and 94% of them are from English materials. Research Policy is the 
most frequently cited journal followed by Harvard Business Review, R&D 
Management and American Economic Review. An analysis of who cites the most 
highly cited journal is also included. Neo-Schumpeterians in Korea cite 
more papers from Research Policy than general researchers, and there is no 
difference between groups in the year of citation. 

Address for correspondence:
SUNG-SOO SEOL
Department of Economics, College of Economics and Business, Hannam 
University
133 Ojung-dong, Daeduck-ku, Daejon 306-791, Republic of Korea
E-mail: s.s.seol at hnu.kr

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 3–20
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1826-5
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E-mail: grantlewison at aol.co.uk
The internal migration of Indian scientists, 1981–2003, from an analysis of 
surnames

GRANT LEWISONa,b, RAMESH KUNDRAc

a Evaluametrics Ltd., Kew, Richmond, Surrey (England)
b CIBER, School of Library, Archive & Information Studies, University 
College London,London (England)
c National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies, New 
Delhi (India)

Abstract
Although many Indian surnames are common across the whole country, some are 
specifically associated with just one or a few of the 35 states and union 
territories that comprise India today. For example, Reddy comes from Andhra 
Pradesh and Das, Ghosh and Roy from West Bengal. We investigated the extent 
to which researchers with names associated with some of the larger states 
were writing scientific papers in those states, and in other ones, and to 
see how these concentrations (relative to the whole of India) had changed 
since the early 1980s. We found that West Bengalis, for example, were now 
significantly less concentrated in their home state than formerly, and that 
their concentrations elsewhere were strongly influenced by the state’s 
geographical distance from West Bengal and, to a lesser extent, by the 
correlation between the scientific profile of their host state and their 
own preferences (which favoured physics and engineering over biology and 
mathematics). Thus they were strongly represented in nearby Bihar, Assam 
and Orissa, and much less so in Tamil Nadu and Kerala.  

Address for correspondence:
GRANT LEWISON
Evaluametrics Ltd., 50 Marksbury Avenue, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 4JF, 
England
E-mail: grantlewison at aol.co.uk

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 21–35
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1842-5 
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E-mail: david.chavalarias at polytechnique.edu
Bottom-up scientific field detection for dynamical and hierarchical science 
mapping, methodology and case study

DAVID CHAVALARIASa, JEAN-PHILIPPE COINTETb

a Center for Research in Applied Epistemology (CREA), Team Complex Systems, 
Adaptive Rationality and Social Cognition,Ecole Polytechnique, Paris 
(France)
b TSV (Social and Political Transformations related to Life Sciences and 
Life Forms, INRA, Ivry sur Seine (France)

Abstract

We propose new methods to detect paradigmatic fields through simple 
statistics over a scientific content database. We propose an asymmetric 
paradigmatic proximity metric between terms which provide insight into 
hierarchical structure of scientific activity and test our methods on a 
case study with a database made of several millions of resources. We also 
propose overlapping categorization to describe paradigmatic fields as sets 
of terms that may have several different usages. Terms can also be 
dynamically clustered providing a high-level description of the evolution 
of the paradigmatic fields.

Address for correspondence:
DAVID CHAVALARIAS
Center for Research in Applied Epistemology (CREA)
Team Complex Systems, Adaptive Rationality and Social Cognition, 
Ecole Polytechnique 1, rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
E-mail: david.chavalarias at polytechnique.edu

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 37–50
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1825-6 
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E-mail:syluo at huafan.hfu.edu.tw
Analysis of developing a specific technological field using the theme code 
of Japanese patent information

CHEN-YUAN LIUa,b, SHENQ-YIH LUOa

a Department of Mechatronic Engineering, Huafan University, Shihtin, Taipei 
(Taiwan)
b Department of Information Technology and Communication, Tungnan 
University, Shenken, Taipei (Taiwan)

Abstract

The paper was to establish an easy and effective method to investigate and 
develop a specific technological field from Japanese patent information. 
The walking technique of the biped humanoid robot was used as an example to 
study the relative research capabilities and patent citation conditions for 
patent owners and patent map by the searching method of the theme code for 
FI (File Index) and F-term classification system of the Japanese Patent 
Office (JPO). A formulated technical matrix of patent map was established 
to indicate that the ZMP (Zero Moment Point) control means was the main 
technology to achieve stabilized walking control of the humanoid biped 
robot. This method can aid to establish a specific technological matrix 
from the specific selected term codes (single viewpoint or multiple 
viewpoints) of the F-term list in the theme code of the JPO system through 
Boolean logical operations. The resulting particular technical fields were 
developed to improve the technological capability or seek the merging 
technology opportunities.

Address for correspondence:
SHENQ-YIH LUO
Department of Mechatronic Engineering, 
Huafan University Shihtin, Taipei, Taiwan
E-mail:syluo at huafan.hfu.edu.tw

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 51–65
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1835-4 
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E-mail: dr_ysho at hotmail.com
Use of citation per publication as an indicator to evaluate 
pentachlorophenol research

HUANG YI, XIAOLAN AO, YUH-SHAN HO

Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Environmental Sciences and 
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing (P. R. China)

Abstract

The objective of the study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of all 
pentachlorophenolrelated publications in the Science Citation Index (SCI). 
Analyzed parameters included document type, language of publication, page 
count, publication output, authorship, keywords plus, publication pattern, 
citation and country of publication. The US produced 29% of the total 
single country publications where the seven major industrial countries 
accounted for the majority of the total production (66%). An indicator 
citation per publication was successfully applied in this study to evaluate 
the impact of number of authors, countries, and journals. The mean value of 
citation per publication of collaborative papers was higher than that of 
single country publications. In addition analysis of keywords plus in 
different period was applied to indicate a research trend.

Address for correspondence:
YUH-SHAN HO
Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Environmental Sciences and 
Engineering
Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
E-mail: dr_ysho at hotmail.com

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 67–80
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1849-y 
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E-mail: jonathan.adams at evidence.co.uk

Calibrating the zoom – a test of Zitt’s hypothesis

JONATHAN ADAMS, KAREN GURNEY, LOUISE JACKSON
Evidence Ltd., Leeds (UK)

Abstract

Bibliometric indicators are widely used to compare performance between 
units operating in different fields of science. For cross-field 
comparisons, article citation rates have to be normalised to baseline 
values because citation practices vary between fields, in respect of timing 
and volume. Baseline citation values vary according to the level at which 
articles are aggregated (journal, sub-field, field). Consequently, the 
normalised citation performance of each research unit will depend on the 
level of aggregation, or ‘zoom’, that was used when the baselines were 
calculated. Here, we calculate the citation performance of UK research 
units for each of three levels of article-aggregation. We then compare this 
with the grade awarded to that unit by external peer review. We find that 
the correlation between average normalised citation impact and peerreviewed 
grade does indeed vary according to the selected level of zoom. The 
possibility that the level of ‘zoom’ will affect our assessment of relative 
impact is an important insight. The fact that more than one view and hence 
more than one interpretation of performance might exist would need to be 
taken into account in any evaluation methodology. This is likely to be a 
serious challenge unless a reference indicator is available and will 
generally require any evaluation to be carried out at multiple levels for a 
reflective review.

Address for correspondence:
JONATHAN ADAMS
Evidence Ltd., 103 Clarendon Road, Leeds LS2 9DF, UK
E-mail: jonathan.adams at evidence.co.uk

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 81–95
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1832-7 
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E-mail: dr_ysho at hotmail.com

Use of citation per publication as an indicator to evaluate contingent 
valuation research

ZHI LIa, YUH-SHAN Hob

a The Key Laboratory for Environmental and Urban Sciences, Shenzhen 
Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen (P. R. China)
b Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Environmental Sciences 
and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing (P. R. China)

Abstract

This is the first article using bibliometrics to study the field of 
contingent valuation research. The purpose of this study was to evaluate 
the contingent valuation research performance based on all the related 
articles in SCI and SSCI databases from 1991 to 2005. An indicator named 
citation per publication (CPP) was presented in this study to assess the 
impact of article output per year, different countries, institutes, and 
authors from the worldwide. Publication per institute (PPI) in a country 
was used to be an indicator to compare institute’s research performance by 
country. Citation analysis was made to select the most frequently cited 
articles since publication to 2005 of each year. A citation model was 
applied to describe the relationship between the cumulative number of 
citations and article life. The results indicate that with the increase 
article output per year, the CPP decreased slightly since 1997. The USA 
produced 55% of all pertinent articles. Institutes from the UK had a higher 
PPI. The most prolific institutes and authors, and the most frequently 
cited articles per year were all listed. In addition, a citation model was 
successfully applied to evaluate performance of each year, and the most 
frequently cited articles of each year were also compared by the model.

Address for correspondence:
YUH-SHAN HO
Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Environmental Sciences and 
Engineering
Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
E-mail: dr_ysho at hotmail.com

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 97–110
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1838-1
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E-mail: zhaoxi at pku.edu.cn
Trends of DDT research during the period of 1991 to 2005

HUANG YI, ZHAO XI
Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Environmental Sciences and 
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing (P. R. China)

Abstract

A keyword analysis was applied in this work to evaluate research trends of 
DDT (1,1,1- trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane) papers published 
between 1991 and 2005 in any journal of all the subject categories of the 
Science Citation Index compiled by ISI (Institute for Scientific 
Information, Philadelphia, USA). DDT was used as a keyword to search parts 
of titles, abstracts, or keywords. The published output analysis showed 
that DDT research steadily increased over the past 15 years and the annual 
publication output in 2005 was about twice that of 1991. The two peaks in 
1997 and 2000 were closely related to two new research fields on DDT, 
namely the endocrine disruption and the persistent organic pollutants 
(POPs). A paper entitled “Persistent DDT metabolite p,p’-DDE is a potent 
androgen receptor antagonist” published in 1995 in Nature by Kelce et al. 
firstly discovered DDT’s toxicity for humans. As a result, public concerns 
regarding DDT ballooned and now play a key role in DDT research. Keyword 
analysis indicated that the research interest changed remarkably from 1991 
to 2005. “Endocrine disruption” was one of the most frequently used author 
keywords in the period between 2002 and 2005 whilst it did not appear 
before 1997. The new conception of POPs showed the same trend. The whole 
paper published by India and Mexico ranked at 6th and 13th. That showed 
that DDT research is often related with DDT’s risk and benifits to humans.

Address for correspondence:
ZHAO XI
Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Environmental Sciences and 
Engineering
Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
E-mail: zhaoxi at pku.edu.cn

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 111–122
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1828-3
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E-mail: bmgupta1 at yahoo.com, bmgupta at nistads.res.in
Condensed matter physics: An analysis of India’s research output, 1993-2001

B. M. GUPTAa, S. M. DHAWANb

a National Institute of Science, Technology & Development Studies, New 
Delhi (India)
b Library & Information Consultant, Former Scientist F, National Physical 
Laboratory, New Delhi (India)

Abstract

The study analyses 27018 research papers published by India in condensed 
matter physics as seen from Science Citation Index–Extended Version (SCIE) 
(Web of Science) database for the period 1993–1995, 1996–1998 and 1999–
2001. The study reports that condensed matter physics is the most sought 
after branch in physics research in India, accounting for 20% share of the 
country output in physics. The University & College sector as well as R&D 
sector are the major contributors to condensed matter physics. However, the 
country growth in this field, computed on six yearly basis, has still been 
negative (–1%) compared to 17.4% country growth in overall physics during 
the same period, 1993–1995 to 1999–2001. The study also maps condensed 
matter physics research on other dimensions such as institutional 
productivity, nature of collaboration in research, and institutional 
specialization. It examines highly cited papers, and lists prominent and 
productive scientists in this field. It also provides suggestions for 
accelerating condensed matter research in India.

Address for correspondence:
B. M. GUPTA
National Institute of Science, Technology & Development Studies
Dr K.S.Krishnan Marg, New Delhi – 11012, India
E-mail: bmgupta1 at yahoo.com, bmgupta at nistads.res.in

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 123–144	
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1814-9
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E-mail: fcollazo at fis.cinvestav.mx
Publication and citation patterns of Latin American & Caribbean journals
in the SCI and SSCI from 1995 to 2004

F. COLLAZO-REYESa, M. E. LUNA-MORALESb, J. M. RUSSELLc, M. A. PÉREZ-ANGÓNa

a Departamento de Física, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados 
del IPN Mexico City (Mexico)
b Unidad de Servicios Bibliográficos, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios 
Avanzados del IPN Mexico City (Mexico)
c Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Bibliotecológicas, Universidad 
Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City (Mexico)

Abstract

Impact factors, publication-citation patterns and growth dynamics were 
analyzed for the Latin America and the Caribbean journals covered by the 
Science Citation Index (SCI) and Social Science Citation Index from 1995–
2003. Two main journal groups were identified: those publishing mainly in 
English with substantial contributions from outside the region, and those 
publishing in local languages, principally by the local community and on 
subjects of local interest. We found little inter-citation among the local 
papers while the highest number of citations by extra-regional authors was 
to papers published in English. Quantitative indicators show that LA-C 
journals are better positioned in the mainstream literature than ever 
before.

Address for correspondence:
FRANCISCO COLLAZO REYES
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Biblioteca de 
Ciencias Exactas
Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, c.p. 07000, México City, México
E-mail: fcollazo at fis.cinvestav.mx

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 145–161
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1841-6
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E-mail: molinari at lpmm.univ-metz.fr
A new methodology for ranking scientific institutions

JEAN-FRANCOIS MOLINARIa, ALAIN MOLINARIb

a Laboratory of Mechanics and Technology, Ecole Normale Supérieure de 
Cachan, Paris (France)
b Laboratory of Physics and Mechanics of Materials, Université Paul 
Verlaine, Metz (France)

Abstract

We extend the pioneering work of J. E. Hirsch, the inventor of the h-index, 
by proposing a simple and seemingly robust approach for comparing the 
scientific productivity and visibility of institutions. Our main findings 
are that i) while the h-index is a sensible criterion for comparing 
scientists within a given field, it does not directly extend to rank 
institutions of disparate sizes and journals, ii) however, the h-index, 
which always increases with paper population, has an universal growth rate 
for large numbers of papers; iii) thus the h-index of a large population of 
papers can be decomposed into the product of an impact index and a factor 
depending on the population size, iv) as a complement to the h-index, this 
new impact index provides an interesting way to compare the scientific 
production of institutions (universities, laboratories or journals).

Address for correspondence:
ALAIN MOLINARI
Laboratory of Physics and Mechanics of Materials, Université Paul Verlaine
Ile du Saulcy, BP 80794, 57012 Metz, France
E-mail: molinari at lpmm.univ-metz.fr

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 163–174
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1853-2
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E-mail: marija.petek at ff.uni-lj.si
Personal name headings in COBIB: Testing Lotka’s Law

MARIJA PETEK
Faculty of Arts at the University of Ljubljana, Department of Library and 
Information Science and Book Studies, Ljubljana (Slovenia)

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to provide information about author 
productivity as reflected through the number of occurrences of personal 
name headings in the Slovenian online catalogue COBIB. Only authors 
associated with monographs are treated. So, author productivity of 
monographs that has not been widely researched is empirically examined to 
determine conformity or nonconformity to Lotka’s law. A random sample of 
1.600 Slovenian authors is drawn from the authority file CONOR. Next, the 
authors are searched in COBIB and each attributed the number of monographs. 
Using the formula: xny = c, the values of the exponent n and the constant c 
are computed and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is applied. The paper shows 
that the author productivity distribution predicted by Lotka also holds for 
the occurrences of personal name headings in COBIB.

Address for correspondence:
MARIJA PETEK
Faculty of Arts at the University of Ljubljana
Department of Library and Information Science and Book Studies
Aškerčeva 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
E-mail: marija.petek at ff.uni-lj.si

Scientometrics, Vol. 75, No. 1 (2008) 175–188
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-007-1829-2
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