FW: [Asis-l] JASIST TOC, Volume 54, #12
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Subject: [Asis-l] JASIST TOC, Volume 54, #12
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Volume 54, Number 12. October 2003
[Note: at the end of this message are URLs for viewing contents of JASIST
from past issues. Below, the contents of Bert Boyce's "In this Issue" and
from Loren Mendelsohn's Introduction to "Perspectives on...Chemistry
Journals: The Transition from Paper to Electronic with Lessons for Other
Disciplines" has been cut into the Table of Contents.]
CONTENTS
EDITORIAL
In This Issue
Bert R. Boyce
1079
RESEARCH
Bibliomining for Automated Collection Development in a Digital
Library Setting: Using Data Mining to Discover Web-Based Scholarly Research
Works
Scott Nicholson
Published online 7 July 2003
1081
Nicholson suggests the use of data mining techniques to discover
patterns in the world wide web's pages needed for automated collection
development for academic digital libraries. Possible techniques include
logistic regression, where the variable combinations that best predict
classes are discovered and used to predict membership of new observations;
memory-based reasoning, like N-neighbor non-parametric analysis, where a
distance function between new and existing observations allows a choice
among pre-classified neighbors; Decision/classification trees, where rules
for dividing a large set are made on the basis of the best discriminating
variable; and neural networks, where neurons accept 0-1 measurements for
each variable and weigh and combine variables until the optimal weight
combination for the training set is determined..
Forty two librarians ranked selection criteria from the literature
and suggested additional criteria. Low ranked criteria were removed and new
suggestions added with iterations until consensus was reached. These
criteria were made operational in a Perl program that analyzed web pages.
4500 scholarly pages were identified for use as a training set, and 500
from other sites as a test set. An additional 4500 non-scholarly pages were
identified for the training set and 500 for the test set. Values were
collected by the program for each criteria creating surrogate records for
the pages. Logistic regression correctly classified 463 scholarly pages
and 473 random pages. N-neighbor non-parametric analysis correctly
classified 438 scholarly pages and 475 random pages. The classification
tree method correctly classified 478 scholarly pages and 480 random pages.
Neural networks correctly classified 465 scholarly pages and 469 random
pages. Accuracy (precision) varied between 93.75% and 96%, while return
(recall) varied form 87.6% to 95.6%.While the classification tree method
provided the highest values all models were effective.
Overlap in Bibliographic Databases
William W. Hood and Concepcion S. Wilson
Published online 16 June 2003
1091
From over 100 DIALOG databases Hood and Wilson locate about 15,600
records for a period from 1965 to 1993 on Fuzzy Set Theory by searching
"fuzzy" and extracting by hand a list of pertinent records. The data was
then cleaned and standardized and a combination of two duplicate detection
keys were used to locate overlapping records found in more than one
database. The frequency distribution shows no overlap occurs for 63.26% of
the records, 12.29% were duplicated once, and .03% were duplicated 12
times, the highest rate. The distribution would appear to fit the inverse
power law but an exponential curve provides a better fit. Looking at the
papers found in only one database, 42% of the 5815 found in SCISEARCH are
unique and represent 15.7% of the total record set. Intra-database
duplicates were found in 28 databases. MATHSCI, which retains originals
when they are amended, had a 17.8% duplication rate in the fuzzy set
literature. While the PASCAL double indexing accounted for its .5%
duplication rate, the .4% rate in SCISEARCH resulted from new records with
references being added when the original had been previously entered
without references. Overall intra-database duplication is quite low.
Overlapping records correlate with overlapping DIALOG OneSearch categories.
The Experience of Libraries Across Time: Thematic Analysis of
Undergraduate Recollections of Library Experiences
Jacqueline Kracker and Howard R. Pollio
Published online 11 June 2003
1104
Kracker and Pollio look at the patron's impressions of libraries
by way of the qualitative research techniques of content analysis and
phenomenological inquiry in which one identifies reoccurring themes in
recorded dialogs concerning a topic and the ground upon which they occur.
Thus the meaning of the concept for that individual may be identified in
terms of their direct experience. One hundred and eighteen undergraduate
students enrolled in a freshman psychology course volunteered as subjects.
Each was asked to provide, along with basic demographic data, a short
description of three specific incidents related to libraries, and a longer
description of one of these incidents. The incidents were categorized into
six school level categories and five type of library categories resulting
in 708 coded events. With the self considered as the ground themes having
to do with atmosphere, size and abundance, organization /rules and their
effect, what I do in a library, and memories were identified. This allows
one to formulate a typical library experience for a 19 year old college
student, an experience that changes during different educational periods.
Intermediary's Information Seeking, Inquiring Minds, and Elicitation
Styles
Mei-Mei Wu and Ying-Hsang Liu
Published online 18 July 2003
1117
Wu and Lui are concerned with finding the linguistic styles used
by intermediaries in their conduct of interactions with those with
information needs, and with determining if certain mind sets can be
associated with such styles. Thirty patrons' interactions with one of five
different intermediaries were video and audio taped while an observer kept
notes. Participants responded to questionnaires on their perceptions of
the process and general user satisfaction and users were interviewed on
audio tape post search. Using seven categories of linguistic form, ten
categories of elicitation purpose, and seven categories of communication
function, the texts were analyzed and a chi- square test showed differences
in each among intermediaries and identified three styles termed situational
(differing with user needs), functional (no functional differences), and
stereotypical (purposes, functions and forms are constant). The mind set of
the intermediary determined by analysis of discourse led to three types;
problem detection (focus on reexpressing and understanding the need), query
formulation (focus on terminology), and database instruction (focus on
proper selection and use of databases). No linkage between styles and mind
sets was established.
PERSPECTIVES ON ...
CHEMISTRY JOURNALS: THE TRANSITION FROM PAPER TO ELECTRONIC WITH LESSONS
FOR OTHER DISCIPLINES
Introduction and Overview: Chemistry Journals: The Transition From
Paper to Electronic With Lessons for Other Disciplines
Loren D. Mendelsohn
Published online 18 July 2003
1136
The articles in this Perspectives have been en selected from
papers presented at the Tri-Society Symposium, held on June 9, 2002, in Los
Angeles, California, this Symposium. They discuss a broad spectrum of
issues that have been raised as an increasing number of libraries convert
from paper to online journal subscriptions, ranging from broad questions
addressing the process of the changeover to studies of more specific
issues. Taken together, they provide a useful overview of the process and
contribute significantly to the scholarship in this field. Moreover, these
articles have broader applications. The questions raised by the transition
from print to electronic are not related solely to chemical information or
even science and technology information; since scholarly journals in all
disciplines are making the transition from print to electronic, similar
questions can be raised with regard to all disciplines.
New Knowledge Management Systems: The Implications for Data
Discovery, Collection Development, and the Changing Role of the Librarian
David Stern
Published online 18 July 2003
1138
David Stern's introductory essay raises several questions
concerned with the trend toward electronic journals. By highlighting such
issues as complex differential pricing plans, the development of new and
complex tools for data manipulation, and how these factors affect the role
of the librarian, he provides a framework for reading and understanding
many of the issues discussed in the subsequent articles.
Making the Transition From Print to Electronic Serial Collections: A
New Model for Academic Chemistry Libraries?
Tina E. Chrzastowski
Published online 18 July 2003
1141
In examining the feasibility of moving from paper to electronic
journals in a particular library, Tina E. Chrzastowski proposes and
evaluates a new model for the academic chemistry library. In so doing, she
establishes a list of basic factors and criteria that must be evaluated by
any institution considering this transition.
Changing Use Patterns of Print Journals in the Digital Age: Impacts
of Electronic Equivalents on Print Chemistry Journal Use
K. T. L. Vaughan
Published online 18 July 2003
1149
K.T.L. Vaughan examines the transition from a different
perspective, focusing instead on how the use of paper copies of journals is
affected by making available electronic copies of those same journals. By
exploring this particular aspect of the question, she provides data that
will help library administrators evaluate the utility of retaining paper
copies in an increasingly electronic environment.
Linking of Errata: Current Practices in Online Physical Sciences
Journals
Emily L. Poworoznek
Published online 18 July 2003
1153
One of the central questions raised by the change from paper to
electronic has to do with the nature of the copy of record. Emily L.
Poworoznek examines the treatment of errata in electronic journals by a
large group of commercial and professional society publishers, pointing out
the significance of this issue for the integrity of the scientific record.
She further compares these new approaches with the traditional manner of
handling errata in printed journals, and discusses indexing under both
systems, recommending the necessity of standards that will function under
the electronic serials rubric.
Managing Tradeoffs in the Electronic Age
A. Ben Wagner
Published online 18 July 2003
1160
A. Ben Wagner's historical analysis provides an excellent wrap-up,
reviewing the introduction and development of electronic resources over the
past three decades and analyzing the gains and losses involved in the
transition. His paper provides a framework for decision-making in this area.
BOOK REVIEWS
The Accidental Systems Librarian, by Rachel Singer Gordon
Lisa A. Ennis
Published online 7 July 2003
1165
Library Information Systems: From Library Automation to Distributed
Information Access Solutions, by Thomas R. Kochtanek and Joseph R. Matthews
Brenda Chawner
Published online 7 July 2003
1166
Impact of Digital Technology on Library Collections and Resource
Sharing, edited by Sul H. Lee
William J. Wheeler
Published online 7 July 2003
1167
Persuasive Technology: Using Computers to Change What We Think and
Do, by B. J. Fogg
Anastasis D. Petrou, Ph.D.
Published online 7 July 2003
1168
CALL FOR PAPERS
Special Topic Issue of JASIST: Multilingual Information Systems
Published online 12 June 2003
------------------------------------------------------
The ASIS web site <http://www.asis.org/Publications/JASIS/tocs.html>
contains the Table of Contents and brief abstracts as above from January
1993 (Volume 44) to date.
The John Wiley Interscience site <http://www.interscience.wiley.com>
includes issues from 1986 (Volume 37) to date. Guests have access only to
tables of contents and abstracts. Registered users of the interscience
site have access to the full text of these issues and to preprints.
Executive Director
American Society for Information Science and Technology
1320 Fenwick Lane, Suite 510
Silver Spring, MD 20910
FAX: (301) 495-0810
PHONE: (301) 495-0900
http://www.asis.org
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