papers related to SIG Metrics
Eugene Garfield
eugene.garfield at THOMSONREUTERS.COM
Tue Jan 17 19:25:20 EST 2012
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TITLE: Citation systems in the biosciences A history,
classification and descriptive terminology (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Williams, RB
Email address: BOBWILL at vm.sc.edu
SOURCE: JOURNAL OF DOCUMENTATION 67 (6). 2011. p.995-1014
EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED, BINGLEY
SEARCH TERM(S): GARFIELD E rauth; MORAVCSIK MJ rauth; PRICE DJD rauth;
ZUCKERMAN HA rauth;
SMALL HG SOC STUD SCI 8:327 1978;
ZUCKERMA.H MINERVA 9:66 1971;
CITATION item_title; CITATION* item_title
KEYWORDS: Citation systems; Classification; Harvard system;
Information transfer; Numeric system; Terminology;
Physical sciences; Bibliographic systems; Research work
KEYWORDS+: INFORMATION; SCIENCE; COMMUNICATION
ABSTRACT: Purpose - Several bibliographical citation systems are in
regular use in scholarly literature, associated with various intellectual disciplines. The aim of this paper is to document an analysis of their designs in the biosciences in order to construct a classification and to assess their comparative effectiveness for information transfer.
Design/methodology/approach - A historical survey of communications between scholars, including the reasons why authors cite others' works, was completed. The development of citation systems, specifically the Harvard system and various numeric systems, was traced, following which a universal classification with a new descriptive terminology was constructed.
Findings - Citation systems are defined herein as direct (with citation and reference together in the text) or indirect (with citation within the text, and reference outside the text). Direct systems may be described as implicit (the Linnaean style with abbreviated, undated, conceptual
reference) or explicit (with full, dated, bibliographical reference). All indirect systems are explicit: the text citation (the referens) may be alphabetic, symbolic, numeric or alphanumeric and the reference (the
referendum) may be a marginal note, footnote or end reference. A survey of citation systems in 101 bioscience journals is presented. Within indirect systems, most biomedical journals use a numeric system, but most veterinary, zoological and general biological journals use the Harvard system, which is considered herein to be the most effective for information transfer.
Originality/value - No philosophical analysis of citation systems appears to have been carried out before. Based upon historical, conceptual and logical aspects, a robust universal classification with a new descriptive terminology is presented to facilitate the unambiguous discussion of the principles and designs of citation systems. The classification and terminology are applicable to citation systems in any discipline.
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TITLE: Quality perceptions of design journals: The design
scholars' perspective (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Gemser, G; de Bont, C; Hekkert, P; Friedman, K
SOURCE: DESIGN STUDIES 33 (1). JAN 2012. p.4-23 ELSEVIER SCI
LTD, OXFORD
SEARCH TERM(S): JOURNALS item_title
KEYWORDS: industrial design; evaluation; design research; design
science; journal ranking
KEYWORDS+: MANAGEMENT JOURNALS; ECONOMISTS; INNOVATION; ACADEMICS;
RANKING; SYSTEM
ABSTRACT: The primary objectives of this study were to identify a
set of journals that report on industrial design research and to propose quality rankings of those journals. Based on an online survey, design journals were assessed in terms of two quality metrics: popularity and indexed average rank position. We find that both general and specialized design journals ale highly valued and that geographic origin and academic background can be related with journal rankings. The results of the study offer a guide to both evaluators and those evaluated when judging or selecting research outlets. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: G Gemser, Delft Univ Technol, Fac Ind Design Engn,
Landbergstr 15, NL-2628 CE Delft, Netherlands
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TITLE: Understanding design research: A bibliometric analysis of
Design Studies (1996-2010) (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Chai, KH; Xiao, X
SOURCE: DESIGN STUDIES 33 (1). JAN 2012. p.24-43 ELSEVIER SCI
LTD, OXFORD
SEARCH TERM(S): BIBLIOMETR* item_title
KEYWORDS: bibliometric study; design research; science of design
KEYWORDS+: INTELLECTUAL STRUCTURE; MANAGEMENT RESEARCH; COCITATION
ANALYSIS; ENGINEERING DESIGN; THEMES; INFORMATION; SCIENCE
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the core
themes of design research by analysing citations of papers in the journal Design Studies. It also aims to find out the evolution and future trends of design research.
Employing a bibliometrics and network analysis, the paper analyses citations and co-citations from Design Studies. Instead of using the standard analysis method of aggregating author co-citations, this study conducts the analysis at the individual publication level.
Due to the limitation of the Scopus database, this study only managed to extract articles with full citations in Design Studies from 1996 to 2010.
Further studies could also include articles from 1979 to 1995 by either using some character recognition software or manually extracting them.
The study identifies the core themes centered on design process and design cognition. In addition, it also reveals that the research method protocol analysis has become more popular in recent years among researchers.
The main contribution of this paper is the use of a network analysis technique to analyse 12 107 citations in the 459 articles published in Design Studies between 1996 and 2010. Unlike previous review papers which relied heavily on the qualitative observations and reflections of the authors, this paper is the first comprehensive quantitative analysis in this field. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: KH Chai, Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Ind & Syst Engn,
Singapore 119260, Singapore
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TITLE: Minority Vulnerability in Privileged Occupations: Why Do
African American Financial Advisers Earn Less than Whites in a Large
Financial Services Firm? (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Bielby, WT
SOURCE: ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL
SCIENCE 639. JAN 2012. p.13-32 SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC,
THOUSAND OAKS
SEARCH TERM(S): MERTON RK rauth
KEYWORDS: meritocracy; racial bias; cumulative advantage;
opportunity hoarding; racialized jobs; accountability
structures; discrimination
KEYWORDS+: CUMULATIVE ADVANTAGE; RACE; INEQUALITY; DIVERSITY; WORK;
MERITOCRACY; NETWORKS; IDENTITY; GENDER; WEALTH
ABSTRACT: Building on recent work on contemporary forms of bias in
meritocratic personnel systems, the author assesses sources of racial disadvantage in an output-based pay-for-performance system for compensating financial advisers in a large financial services firm. Using data from expert reports submitted in racial discrimination litigation, the author shows how racial differences in access to white wealth, limits on African Americans' full participation in broker teams, racialized approaches to multicultural marketing, and diffuse lines of authority for diversity and nondiscrimination created racial barriers that were sustained and amplified by a cumulative advantage system for allocating productivity-enhancing resources. The author concludes with a discussion of management strategies for minimizing minority vulnerability in privileged professions and the challenges faced when the sources of bias are neither unconscious nor unintended but are instead located at least in part in racially segregated social relations and power differences among professionals who hold formally equivalent positions in a company's job structure.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: WT Bielby, Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA
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TITLE: The mapping of science and the information sciences
(Editorial Material, English)
AUTHOR: Bawden, D
SOURCE: JOURNAL OF DOCUMENTATION 67 (6). 2011. p.904-905 EMERALD
GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED, BINGLEY
SEARCH TERM(S): PRICE DJD rauth; EDITORIAL doctype
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TITLE: Micro-credits in scientific publishing (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Casati, R; Origgi, G; Simon, J
SOURCE: JOURNAL OF DOCUMENTATION 67 (6). 2011. p.958-974 EMERALD
GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED, BINGLEY
SEARCH TERM(S):
HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005;
GARFIELD E JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 295:90 2006
KEYWORDS: Scientific communication; Scientific evaluation; Online
publication; Reputation measures; Scientometrics; Credit
attribution; Research work; Publications
KEYWORDS+: AUTHORSHIP; ARTICLES; ORDER; HYPERAUTHORSHIP; METAANALYSIS
ABSTRACT: [Roberto Casati, Gloria Origgi, Judith Simon (CC-BY-SA)]
Purpose - New technologies allow for efficient dissemination of scientific knowledge objects (SKOs). Yet they are likely to transform SKOs as well. The aim of this paper is to propose a way to structure SKOs that allows for both a clear individuation of the main scientific contributions and a fine-grained structure of credits and evaluation.
Design/methodology/approach - The authors review and analyze existing practices of structuring SKOs in different disciplines.
Findings - Provisionally considering the published paper as an atomic SKO, possible subatomic structures of SKOs are investigated. It is hypothesized that SKOs are meant to satisfy two separated but interdependent sets of constraints, one related to the contribution the SKO makes to the body of knowledge, and another related to the contribution the SKO makes to the reputation of its authors. It is hypothesized that existing SKO structures are not optimal for satisfying both sets of constraints at once.
Research limitations/implications - A broader analysis may be needed that covers the totality of existing practices.
Practical implications - Guidelines are offered. This paper, including the present abstract, is an example of what the scientific paper of tomorrow could be like.
Social implications - The paper proposes better apportioning of scientific credits and evaluation; substantive evolution of the academic publishing and credit attribution models.
Originality/value - The idea that the communication and evaluation function of a SKO are differently reflected in their structure is novel.
The proposed fine-grained credit attribution system is novel. The molecular/atomic/sub-atomic distinction is a new way to fix the terminology.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: R Casati, CNRS EHESS ENS Inst Nicod, Paris, France
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