contents of Scientometrics 89 (1). OCT 2011
Eugene Garfield
eugene.garfield at THOMSONREUTERS.COM
Fri Sep 23 14:39:40 EDT 2011
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TITLE: Mapping the (in)visible college(s) in the field of
entrepreneurship (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Teixeira, AAC
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.1-36 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): PRICE DJD rauth
KEYWORDS: Bibliometrics; Entrepreneurship; Invisible college
KEYWORDS+: INVISIBLE COLLEGE; COCITATION ANALYSIS; SOCIAL-SCIENCE;
CITATION; FUTURE; COMMUNICATION; SCHOLARSHIP; NETWORK;
NANOTECHNOLOGY; BIBLIOMETRICS
ABSTRACT: Despite the vitality and dynamism that the field of
entrepreneurship has experienced in the last decade, the issue of whether
it comprises an effective network of (in)formal communication linkages
among the most influential scholars within the area has yet to be
examined in depth. This study follows a formal selection procedure to
delimit the 'relational environment' of the field of entrepreneurship and
to analyze the existence and characterization of (in)visible college(s)
based on a theoretically well-grounded framework, thus offering a
comprehensive and up-to-date empirical analysis of entrepreneurship
research. Based on more than a 1,000 papers published between 2005 and
2010 in seven core entrepreneurship journals and the corresponding
(85,000) citations, we found that entrepreneurship is an (increasingly)
autonomous, legitimate and cohesive (in)visible college, fine tuned
through the increasing visibility of certain subject specialties (e.g.,
family business, innovation, technology and policy). Moreover, the rather
dense formal links that characterize the entrepreneurship (in)visible
college are accompanied by a reasonably solid network of informal
relations maintained and sustained by the mobility of 'stars' and highly
influential scholars. The limited internationalization of the
entrepreneurship community, reflected in the almost total absence of non-
English-speaking authors/studies/outlets, stands as a major quest for the
field.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: AAC Teixeira, Univ Porto, Fac Econ, CEF UP, Rua Dr Roberto
Frias, P-4200464 Oporto, Portugal
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TITLE: Shaping the interdisciplinary knowledge network of China:
a network analysis based on citation data from 1981 to 2010 (Article,
English)
AUTHOR: Liu, C; Shan, W; Yu, J
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.89-106 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): GARFIELD E rauth; PRICE DJD rauth;
CITATION item_title; CITATION* item_title;
GARFIELD E SCIENCE 122:108 1955
KEYWORDS: Interdisciplinary knowledge network; Network analysis;
Structure; Evolution
KEYWORDS+: COMPLEX NETWORKS; TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH; EVOLUTION;
COLLABORATION; DYNAMICS; FLOW
ABSTRACT: This study builds the interdisciplinary knowledge network
of China, which is used to catch the knowledge exchange structure of
disciplines, and investigates the evolution process from 1981 to 2010. A
network analysis was performed to examine the special structure and we
compare state of the networks in different periods to determine how the
network has got such properties. The dataset are get from the reference
relationship in literature on important Chinese academic journals from
1980 to 2010. The analytical results reveal the hidden network structure
of interdisciplinary knowledge flows in China and demonstrate that the
network is highly connected and has a homogeneous link structure and
heterogeneous weight distribution. Through comparing of the network in
three periods, that is 1981-1990, 1991-2000 and 2001-2010, we find that
the special evolution process, which is limited by the number of nodes,
play an important influence on interdisciplinary knowledge flows.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: W Shan, Beijing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Sch Econ &
Management, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China
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TITLE: Scientific output and its relationship to knowledge
economy: an analysis of ASEAN countries (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Nguyen, TV; Pham, LT
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.107-117 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): ARUNACHALAM S rauth;
HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005
KEYWORDS: Scientific publication; Bibliometric analysis; Knowledge
economy; ASEAN
KEYWORDS+: SCIENCE; PUBLICATIONS; WORLD; INDEX; CHINA
ABSTRACT: This article seeks to examine the relationship between
scientific output and knowledge economy index in 10 South East Asian
countries (ASEAN). Using bibliometric data of the Institute of Scientific
Information, we analyzed the number of scientific articles published in
international peer-reviewed journals between 1991 and 2010 for Vietnam,
Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, the
Philippines, and Singapore. During the 20-year period, scientists from
the ASEAN countries have published 165,020 original articles in ISI
indexed journals, which represents similar to 0.5% of the world
scientific output. Singapore led the region with the highest number of
publications (accounting for 45% of the countries' total publications),
followed by Thailand (21%), Malaysia (16%), Vietnam (6%), Indonesia and
the Philippines (5% each). The number of scientific articles from those
countries has increased by 13% per year, with the rate of increase being
highest in Thailand and Malaysia, and lowest in Indonesia and the
Philippines. At the country level, the correlation between knowledge
economy index and scientific output was 0.94. Based on the relationship
between scientific output and knowledge economy, we identified 4 clusters
of countries: Singapore as the first group; Thailand and Malaysia in the
second group; Vietnam, Indonesia and the Philippines in the third group;
and Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Brunei in the fourth group. These data
suggested that there was a strong relationship between scientific
research and the degree of "knowledgization" of economy.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: TV Nguyen, Garvan Inst Med Res, 384 Victoria St, Sydney,
NSW 2010, Australia
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TITLE: The structure and analysis of nanotechnology co-author
and citation networks (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Onel, S; Zeid, A; Kamarthi, S
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.119-138 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): CITATION item_title; CITATION* item_title
KEYWORDS: Co-author network; Citation network; Nano technology
KEYWORDS+: SMALL-WORLD NETWORKS; COMPLEX NETWORKS; WIDE-WEB;
DYNAMICS; INTERNET
ABSTRACT: Research activities and collaborations in nanoscale
science and engineering have major implications for advancing
technological frontiers in many fields including medicine, electronics,
energy, and communication. The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)
promotes efforts to cultivate effective research and collaborations among
nano scientists and engineers to accelerate the advancement of
nanotechnology and its commercialization. As of August 2008, there have
been over 800 products considered to benefit from nanotechnology directly
or indirectly. However, today's accomplishments in nanotechnology cannot
be transformed into commercial products without productive collaborations
among experts from disparate research areas such as chemistry, physics,
math, biology, engineering, manufacturing, environmental sciences, and
social sciences. To study the patterns of collaboration, we build and
analyze the collaboration network of scientists and engineers who conduct
research in nanotechnology. We study the structure of information flow
through citation network of papers authored by nano area scientists. We
believe that the study of nano area co-author and paper citation networks
improve our understanding of patterns and trends of the current research
efforts in this field. We construct these networks based on the
publication data collected for years ranging 1993 through 2008 from the
scientific literature database "Web of Science". We explore those
networks to find out whether they follow power-law degree distributions
and/or if they have a signature of hierarchy. We investigate the small-
world characteristics and the existence of possible community structures
in those networks. We estimate the statistical properties of the networks
and interpret their significance with respect to the nano field.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: S Kamarthi, Northeastern Univ, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, 360
Huntington Ave,334 SN, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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TITLE: Female researchers in Russia: have they become more
visible? (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Lewison, G; Markusova, V
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.139-152 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): WENNERAS C NATURE 387:341 1997
KEYWORDS: Women scientists; Russia; Bibliometrics; Surnames;
Citations
KEYWORDS+: GENDER-GAP; SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTIVITY; BIBLIOMETRIC
ANALYSIS; CANCER-RESEARCH; SCIENCE; WOMEN; TECHNOLOGY;
AUTHORSHIP; JOURNALS; CITATION
ABSTRACT: This study is based on the fact that the surnames of many
Russian scientists have gender endings, with "a" denoting a female, so
that the sex of most of them can be readily determined from the listing
of authors in the Web of Science (WoS). A comparison was made between the
proportion of females in 1985, 1995, and 2005, with a corresponding
analysis of the major fields in which they worked, their propensity to co-
author papers internationally (which often necessitates having the
opportunity to travel to conferences abroad to meet possible colleagues),
and their citation records. We found, as expected, that women had a
higher presence in the biological sciences and a very low presence in
engineering, mathematics, and physics. Their citation scores, on a
fractionated basis, were lower than those for men in almost all fields
and years, and were not explained by their writing of fewer reviews and
papers in English (both of which lead to higher citations), or their
lower amount of international collaboration in 1995 and 2005 after Russia
had become a more open society.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: G Lewison, UCL, Dept Informat Studies, Gower St, London
WC1E 6BT, England
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TITLE: The "Mendel syndrome" in science: durability of
scientific literature and its effects on bibliometric analysis of
individual scientists (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Costas, R; van Leeuwen, TN; van Raan, AFJ
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.177-205 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): GARFIELD E rauth; LINE MB rauth; MACROBERTS MH rauth;
ZUCKERMAN H rauth; BIBLIOMETR* item_title;
GARFIELD E SCIENTOMETRICS 1:359 1979;
GLANZEL W SCIENTIST 18:8 2004
KEYWORDS: Durability; Obsolescence; Bibliometric indicators;
Individual level analysis; Micro-level analysis; Mendel
syndrome
KEYWORDS+: HIGHLY CITED PAPERS; RESEARCH PERFORMANCE; HALF-LIFE;
INDICATORS; JOURNALS; RESISTANCE; IMPACT; DISCOVERIES;
CITATIONS; RECEPTION
ABSTRACT: The obsolescence and "durability" of scientific
literature have been important elements of debate during many years,
especially regarding the proper calculation of bibliometric indicators.
The effects of "delayed recognition" on impact indicators have importance
and are of interest not only to bibliometricians but also among research
managers and scientists themselves. It has been suggested that the
"Mendel syndrome" is a potential drawback when assessing individual
researchers through impact measures. If publications from particular
researchers need more time than "normal" to be properly acknowledged by
their colleagues, the impact of these researchers may be underestimated
with common citation windows. In this paper, we answer the question
whether the bibliometric indicators for scientists can be significantly
affected by the Mendel syndrome. Applying a methodology developed
previously for the classification of papers according to their durability
(Costas et al., J Am Soc Inf Sci Technol 61(8):1564-1581, 2010a; J Am Soc
Inf Sci Technol 61(2):329-339, 2010b), the scientific production of 1,064
researchers working at the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC)
in three different research areas has been analyzed. Cases of potential
"Mendel syndrome" are rarely found among researchers and these cases do
not significantly outperform the impact of researchers with a standard
pattern of reception in their citations. The analysis of durability could
be included as a parameter for the consideration of the citation windows
used in the bibliometric analysis of individuals.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: R Costas, Leiden Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol Studies CWTS, POB
905, NL-2300 AX Leiden, Netherlands
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TITLE: The research productivity of academic psychologists:
assessment, trends, and best practice recommendations (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Duffy, RD; Jadidian, A; Webster, GD; Sandell, KJ
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.207-227 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005
KEYWORDS: Research productivity; Academic psychologists; Measurement
KEYWORDS+: INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY; COUNSELING-
PSYCHOLOGY; PUBLICATION PRODUCTIVITY; SCHOLARLY
PRODUCTIVITY; JOB-PERFORMANCE; EDUCATIONAL-PSYCHOLOGISTS;
JOURNALS; GENDER; PERSONALITY; MANAGEMENT
ABSTRACT: Research productivity affects the careers of academic
psychologists. Unfortunately, there is a surprising lack of consensus on
productivity's meaning, measurement, and how to compare the productivity
of one academic psychologist to another. In the present study, we review
academic productivity research within psychology, and using a sample of
673 psychologists, compute six indexes of productivity. Most productivity
metrics (publication count, citation count, or some combination of the
two) were substantially interrelated and one (Integrated Research
Productivity Index) was independent from years in the field. Female
psychologists were equally as productive as male psychologists after
accounting for years in the field, and pre-tenure psychologists showed
steeper change-over-time productivity slopes than post-tenure
psychologists. Based on these findings, we provide recommendations for
the use and measurement of academic research productivity.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: RD Duffy, Univ Florida, Dept Psychol, POB 112250,
Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
ISSN: 0138-9130
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TITLE: Overall prestige of journals with ranking score above a
given threshold (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Garcia, JA; Rodriguez-Sanchez, R; Fdez-Valdivia, J
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.229-243 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): GARFIELD E rauth; MERTON RK rauth;
MERTON RK SCIENCE 159:56 1968;
JOURNALS item_title;
GARFIELD E JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 295:90 2006
KEYWORDS: Publication analysis; First quartile journals; Overall
prestige; Ranking methods; Axiomatic index; Longitudinal
analysis
KEYWORDS+: BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS; IMPACT; POVERTY
ABSTRACT: Here we show a longitudinal analysis of the overall
prestige of first quartile journals during the period between 1999 and
2009, on the subject areas of Scopus. This longitudinal study allows us
to analyse developmental trends over times in different subject areas
with distinct citation and publication patterns. To this aim, we first
introduce an axiomatic index of the overall prestige of journals with
ranking score above a given threshold. Here we demonstrate that, between
1999 and 2009, there was high and increasing overall prestige of first
quartile journals in only four areas of Scopus. Also, there was high and
decreasing overall prestige of first quartile journals in five areas. Two
subject areas showed high and oscillating overall prestige of first
quartile journals. And there was low and increasing overall prestige in
four areas, since the 1999.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: JA Garcia, Univ Granada, Dept Ciencias Comp & IA, CITIC
UGR, E-18071 Granada, Spain
ISSN: 0138-9130
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TITLE: The influence of effects and phenomena on citations: a
comparative analysis of four citation perspectives (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Wu, Q; Wolfram, D
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.245-258 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): CITATION item_title; GARFIELD E rauth;
MACROBERTS MH rauth; MERTON RK rauth;
MERTON RK SCIENCE 159:56 1968;
SMITH LC LIBR TRENDS 30:83 1981;
CITATION* item_title
KEYWORDS: Citation analysis; Matthew effect; Scholarly communication
KEYWORDS+: MATTHEW CORE JOURNALS; CITING BEHAVIOR; LOTKA LAW;
SCIENCE; ARTICLE; COUNTS; AUTHORSHIP; PROPERTY; IMPACT;
INDEX
ABSTRACT: This article defines different perspectives for citations
and introduces four concepts: Self-expected Citations, Received
Citations, Expected Citations, and Deserved Citations. When comparing
permutations of these four classes of perspectives, there are up to 145
kinds of equality/inequality relations. From these numerous relations, we
analyze the difference between the Matthew Effect and the Matthew
Phenomenon. We provide a precise definition and point out that many
previous empirical research studies on the Matthew Effect based on
citations belong primarily to the Matthew Phenomenon, and not the true
meaning of the Matthew Effect. Due to the difficulty in determining the
Deserved Citations, the Matthew Effect is in itself difficult to measure,
although it is commonly believed to influence citation counts.
Furthermore, from the theoretical facts, we outline four new
effects/phenomena: the Self-confidence Effect/Phenomenon, the Narcissus
Effect/Phenomenon, the Other-confidence Effect/Phenomenon, and the
Flattery Effect/Phenomenon, and we discuss additional influencing factors.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: Q Wu, Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Management, 96 Jinzhai
Rd, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China
ISSN: 0138-9130
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TITLE: Emerging firms in an emerging field: an analysis of
patent citations in electronic-paper display technology (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Jang, SL; Yu, YC; Wang, TY
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.259-272 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): CITATION* item_title
KEYWORDS: Patent citation; Electronic-paper display technology;
Emerging field
KEYWORDS+: RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS; NETWORKS;
CENTRALITY; INNOVATION
ABSTRACT: USPTO patent data covering the years 1994-2008 is used in
this study to examine the citation networks of electronic-paper display
technology. Our primary aim is to provide a better understanding of the
ways in which emerging firms interact with, and learn from, technology
diffusers. Two implications can be drawn from our analysis. Firstly,
emerging firms within an emerging industry can enhance their
technological capabilities through positive external learning activity.
Secondly, despite the fact that technology diffusers have clear
technological advantages, with the emergence of a new field, their
influence within the network could potentially be decayed if they fail to
remain proactive in terms of the absorption of available external
knowledge.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: SL Jang, Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Social Sci, Dept Econ, 21
Hsu Chow Rd, Taipei 100, Taiwan
ISSN: 0138-9130
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TITLE: A surname-based bibliometric indicator: publications in
biomedical journal (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Kissin, I
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.273-280 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): BIBLIOMETR* item_title; JOURNAL item_title
KEYWORDS: Bibliometrics; Biomedical journals; Impact factor; Nobel
prize; Publication productivity; Surnames
KEYWORDS+: DATABASES; NAMES
ABSTRACT: Surnames have been used as a proxy in studies on health
care for various ethnic groups and also applied to ascribe ethnicity in
studies on the genetic structure of a population. The aim of this study
was to use a surname-based bibliometric indicator to assess the
representation of Jewish authors in US biomedical journals. The other aim
was to test the hypothesis that the representation of Jewish authors in
US biomedical journals corresponds to their representation among US Nobel
Prize winners in Medicine, 1960-2009. From among articles published 1960-
2009 in all journals covered by Medline (> 5,000), and in the top 10 US
biomedical journals we counted articles by authors from the following
three groups: Kohenic-Levitic surnames, other common Jewish surnames, and
the most frequent non-Jewish surnames in the USA. The frequency of a
surname in the US population (1990 US Census) was used to calculate the
expected number of scientific publications: the total number of published
articles multiplied by a surname's frequency. The actual number of
articles with that surname was also determined. The ratio of actual to
expected number of articles was used as a measure of representation
proportionality. It was found that the ratio of actual to expected number
of articles in both Jewish groups is close to 10 among all (> 5,000)
journals, and close to 20 in the top 10 journals. The ratio of actual to
expected numbers of Jewish Nobel Laureates in the USA is also close to
20. In conclusion, the representation of Jewish authors in top 10 US
biomedical journals corresponds to the representation of Jewish Nobel
Laureates among US laureates. We hypothesize that disproportional
representation of Jewish scientists as authors in top biomedical journals
and among Nobel Prize laureates in Medicine is mostly due to their
overrepresentation as research participants, not because of the increased
chances for reward for a Jewish researcher per se.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: I Kissin, Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept
Anesthesiol Perioperat & Pain Med, Sch Med, 75 Francis St,
Boston, MA 02115 USA
ISSN: 0138-9130
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TITLE: Credit where credit's due: accounting for co-authorship
in citation counts (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Tol, RSJ
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.291-299 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005;
CITATION item_title; CITATION* item_title
KEYWORDS: Citations; Co-authors; Pareto distribution
KEYWORDS+: LAW; INDEX; LOTKA
ABSTRACT: I propose a new method (Pareto weights) to objectively
attribute citations to co-authors. Previous methods either profess
ignorance about the seniority of co-authors (egalitarian weights) or are
based in an ad hoc way on the order of authors (rank weights). Pareto
weights are based on the respective citation records of the co-authors.
Pareto weights are proportional to the probability of observing the
number of citations obtained. Assuming a Pareto distribution, such
weights can be computed with a simple, closed-form equation but require a
few iterations and data on a scholar, her co-authors, and her co-authors'
co-authors. The use of Pareto weights is illustrated with a group of
prominent economists. In this case, Pareto weights are very different
from rank weights. Pareto weights are more similar to egalitarian weights
but can deviate up to a quarter in either direction (for reasons that are
intuitive).
AUTHOR ADDRESS: RSJ Tol, Econ & Social Res Inst, Dublin, Ireland
ISSN: 0138-9130
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TITLE: A recursive field-normalized bibliometric performance
indicator: an application to the field of library and information science
(Article, English)
AUTHOR: Waltman, L; Yan, E; van Eck, NJ
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.301-314 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): BIBLIOMETR* item_title
KEYWORDS: Bibliometric indicator; Citation impact; Field
normalization; Recursive indicator
KEYWORDS+: CITATION ANALYSIS; AUDIENCE FACTOR; EIGENFACTOR;
EXCELLENCE; PAGERANK; SEARCH; TOOLS
ABSTRACT: Two commonly used ideas in the development of citation-
based research performance indicators are the idea of normalizing
citation counts based on a field classification scheme and the idea of
recursive citation weighing (like in PageRank-inspired indicators). We
combine these two ideas in a single indicator, referred to as the
recursive mean normalized citation score indicator, and we study the
validity of this indicator. Our empirical analysis shows that the
proposed indicator is highly sensitive to the field classification scheme
that is used. The indicator also has a strong tendency to reinforce
biases caused by the classification scheme. Based on these observations,
we advise against the use of indicators in which the idea of
normalization based on a field classification scheme and the idea of
recursive citation weighing are combined.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: L Waltman, Leiden Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol Studies, Leiden,
Netherlands
ISSN: 0138-9130
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TITLE: On the analogy between the evolution of thermodynamic and
bibliometric systems: a breakthrough or just a bubble? (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Franceschini, F; Maisano, D
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.315-327 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005;
BIBLIOMETR* item_title
KEYWORDS: Bibliometrics; Thermodynamics; Exergy; Energy; Entropy; S
= E - X; p-Index; Composite indicators
KEYWORDS+: H-INDEX; JOURNALS
ABSTRACT: This paper presents an in depth study of an interesting
analogy, recently proposed by Prathap (Scientometrics 87(3):515-524,
2011a), between the evolution of thermodynamic and bibliometric systems.
The goal is to highlight some weaknesses and clarify some "dark sides" in
the conceptual framework of this analogy, discussing the formal validity
and practical meaning of the concepts of Energy, Exergy and Entropy in
bibliometrics. Specifically, this analogy highlights the following major
criticalities: (1) the definitions of E and X are controversial, (2) the
equivalence classes of E and X are questionable, (3) the parallel between
the evolution of thermodynamic and bibliometric systems is forced, (4) X
is a non-monotonic performance indicator, and (5) in bibliometrics the
condition of "thermodynamic perfection" is questionable. Argument is
supported by many analytical demonstrations and practical examples.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: F Franceschini, Politecn Torino, DISPEA Dept Prod Syst &
Business Econ, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin,
Italy
ISSN: 0138-9130
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TITLE: Behind citing-side normalization of citations: some
properties of the journal impact factor (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Zitt, M
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.329-344 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): GARFIELD E rauth;
SMALL H SCIENTOMETRICS 7:391 1985;
CITATION* item_title; IMPACT FACTOR* item_title;
JOURNAL item_title;
GARFIELD E CURRENT CONTENT 0209 :5 1976;
GARFIELD E SCIENTOMETRICS 43:69 1998;
GARFIELD E SCIENCE 178:471 1972
KEYWORDS: Impact factor; Citation; Citation normalization; Citing-
side normalization; Source-level normalization
KEYWORDS+: INDICATORS; PERFORMANCE
ABSTRACT: A new family of citation normalization methods appeared
recently, in addition to the classical methods of "cited-side"
normalization and the iterative measures of intellectual influence in the
wake of Pinski and Narin influence weights. These methods have a quite
global scope in citation analysis but were first applied to the journal
impact, in the experimental Audience Factor (AF) and the Scopus Source-
Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP). Analyzing some properties of the
Garfield's Journal Impact Factor, this note highlights the rationale of
citing-side (or source-level, fractional citation, ex ante) normalization.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: M Zitt, INRA, Dept SAE2, Lereco U 1134, F-44026 Nantes,
France
[ ]<-- Enter an X to order article (IDS: 819PN 00019) ISSN: 0138-9130
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TITLE: Modeling science: studying the structure and dynamics of
science (Editorial Material, English)
AUTHOR: Borner, K; Glanzel, W; Scharnhorst, A; van den
Besselaar, P
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.347-348 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): PRICE DJD rauth; EDITORIAL doctype
AUTHOR ADDRESS: W Glanzel, Katholieke Univ Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
ISSN: 0138-9130
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TITLE: Tailor based allocations for multiple authorship: a
fractional gh-index (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Galam, S
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.365-379 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): ZUCKERMAN HA rauth;
HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005
KEYWORDS: Multiple authorship; Fractional allocations; h-Index
KEYWORDS+: H-INDEX; MULTIAUTHORED PUBLICATIONS; HIRSCH-INDEX;
CONSEQUENCES; IMPACT
ABSTRACT: A quantitative modification to keep the number of
published papers invariant under multiple authorship is suggested. In
those cases, fractional allocations are attributed to each co-author with
a summation equal to one. These allocations are tailored on the basis of
each author contribution. It is denoted "Tailor Based Allocations (TBA)"
for multiple authorship. Several protocols to TBA are suggested. The
choice of a specific TBA may vary from one discipline to another. In
addition, TBA is applied to the number of citations of a multiple author
paper to have also this number conserved. Each author gets only a
specific fraction of the total number of citations according to its
fractional paper allocation. The equivalent of the h-index obtained by
using TBA is denoted the gh-index. It yields values which differ
drastically from those given by the h-index. The gh-index departs also
from (h) over bar recently proposed by Hirsh to account for multiple
authorship. Contrary to the h-index, the gh-index is a function of the
total number of citations of each paper. A highly cited paper allows a
better allocation for all co-authors while a less cited paper contributes
essentially to one or two of the co-authors. The scheme produces a
substantial redistribution of the ranking of scientists in terms of
quantitative records. A few illustrations are provided.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: S Galam, Ecole Polytech, Ctr Rech & Epistemol Appl, Blvd
Victor 32, F-75015 Paris, France
ISSN: 0138-9130
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: Community structure and patterns of scientific
collaboration in Business and Management (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Evans, TS; Lambiotte, R; Panzarasa, P
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.381-396 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): PRICE DJD rauth
KEYWORDS: Collaboration networks; Community structure; Intra- and
inter-institutional collaborations; Geographic distance;
Research specialty
KEYWORDS+: COMPLEX NETWORKS; SOCIAL NETWORK; SCIENCE; KNOWLEDGE;
GEOGRAPHY; TEAMS
ABSTRACT: This paper investigates the role of homophily and focus
constraint in shaping collaborative scientific research. First, homophily
structures collaboration when scientists adhere to a norm of exclusivity
in selecting similar partners at a higher rate than dissimilar ones. Two
dimensions on which similarity between scientists can be assessed are
their research specialties and status positions. Second, focus constraint
shapes collaboration when connections among scientists depend on
opportunities for social contact. Constraint comes in two forms,
depending on whether it originates in institutional or geographic space.
Institutional constraint refers to the tendency of scientists to select
collaborators within rather than across institutional boundaries.
Geographic constraint is the principle that, when collaborations span
different institutions, they are more likely to involve scientists that
are geographically co-located than dispersed. To study homophily and
focus constraint, the paper will argue in favour of an idea of
collaboration that moves beyond formal co-authorship to include also
other forms of informal intellectual exchange that do not translate into
the publication of joint work. A community-detection algorithm for
formalising this perspective will be proposed and applied to the co-
authorship network of the scientists that submitted to the 2001 Research
Assessment Exercise in Business and Management in the UK. While results
only partially support research-based homophily, they indicate that
scientists use status positions for discriminating between potential
partners by selecting collaborators from institutions with a rating
similar to their own. Strong support is provided in favour of
institutional and geographic constraints. Scientists tend to forge intra-
institutional collaborations; yet, when they seek collaborators outside
their own institutions, they tend to select those who are in geographic
proximity. The implications of this analysis for tie creation in joint
scientific endeavours are discussed.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: P Panzarasa, Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Business &
Management, London, England
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TITLE: Mixed-indicators model for identifying emerging research
areas (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Guo, HN; Weingart, S; Borner, K
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.421-435 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): GARFIELD E rauth; MERTON RK rauth; PRICE DJD rauth;
HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005;
MERTON RK SCIENCE 159:56 1968
KEYWORDS: Burst detection; Prediction; Emerging trend; Temporal
dynamics; Science of science (Sci(2)) tool
KEYWORDS+: RELATIVE CITATION IMPACT; PUBLICATION OUTPUT; SCIENCE;
FIGURES; FACTS; COMMUNICATION; TECHNOLOGY; DISCOVERY;
EMERGENCE; TRACKING
ABSTRACT: This study presents a mixed model that combines different
indicators to describe and predict key structural and dynamic features of
emerging research areas. Three indicators are combined: sudden increases
in the frequency of specific words; the number and speed by which new
authors are attracted to an emerging research area, and changes in the
interdisciplinarity of cited references. The mixed model is applied to
four emerging research areas: RNAi, Nano, h-Index, and Impact Factor
research using papers published in the Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (1982-2009) and in
Scientometrics (1978-2009). Results are compared in terms of strengths
and temporal dynamics. Results show that the indicators are indicative of
emerging areas and they exhibit interesting temporal correlations: new
authors enter the area first, then the interdisciplinarity of paper
references increases, then word bursts occur. All workflows are reported
in a manner that supports replication and extension by others.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: HN Guo, Dalian Univ Technol, WISE Lab, Dalian, Peoples R
China
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TITLE: Does cumulative advantage affect collective learning in
science? An agent-based simulation (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Watts, C; Gilbert, N
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 89 (1). OCT 2011. p.437-463 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): MERTON RK rauth; PRICE DJD rauth; ZUCKERMAN H rauth;
MERTON RK SCIENCE 159:56 1968
KEYWORDS: Simulation; Cumulative advantage; Landscape search;
Science models; Science policy
KEYWORDS+: CITATION DISTRIBUTION; RUGGED LANDSCAPES; NETWORKS; MODEL;
OPTIMIZATION; STRATEGIES
ABSTRACT: Agent-based simulation can model simple micro-level
mechanisms capable of generating macro-level patterns, such as frequency
distributions and network structures found in bibliometric data. Agent-
based simulations of organisational learning have provided analogies for
collective problem solving by boundedly rational agents employing
heuristics. This paper brings these two areas together in one model of
knowledge seeking through scientific publication. It describes a computer
simulation in which academic papers are generated with authors,
references, contents, and an extrinsic value, and must pass through peer
review to become published. We demonstrate that the model can fit
bibliometric data for a token journal, Research Policy. Different
practices for generating authors and references produce different
distributions of papers per author and citations per paper, including the
scale-free distributions typical of cumulative advantage processes. We
also demonstrate the model's ability to simulate collective learning or
problem solving, for which we use Kauffman's NK fitness landscape. The
model provides evidence that those practices leading to cumulative
advantage in citations, that is, papers with many citations becoming even
more cited, do not improve scientists' ability to find good solutions to
scientific problems, compared to those practices that ignore past
citations. By contrast, what does make a difference is referring only to
publications that have successfully passed peer review. Citation practice
is one of many issues that a simulation model of science can address when
the data-rich literature on scientometrics is connected to the analogy-
rich literature on organisations and heuristic search.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: C Watts, Univ Surrey, Dept Sociol, Ctr Res Social Simulat,
Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: Scope, characteristics, and use of the US Department of
Agriculture's intramural research (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Kosecki, S; Shoemaker, R; Baer, CK
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.707-728 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): PRICE DJD rauth
KEYWORDS: Agriculture; Intramural research; Research benchmarking;
Research output; USDA; Federal research; Education;
Extension
KEYWORDS+: IMPACT; INDICATORS; SCIENCE
ABSTRACT: This article presents for the first time a portrait of
intramural research conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture
(USDA). We describe the nature, characteristics, and use of USDA research
based on scientometric indicators using patent analysis and three
bibliometric methods: publication analysis, citation analysis, and
science mapping. Our analyses are intended to be purely descriptive in
nature. They demonstrate that USDA maintains several core scientific
competencies and its research is much broader than and reaches well
beyond traditional agricultural sciences for which it is best known. We
illustrate the current status, recent trends, and clear benchmarks for
planning and assessing future USDA research across an array of scientific
disciplines.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: R Shoemaker, Natl Inst Food & Agr, USDA, 800 9th St SW,
Washington, DC 20024 USA
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: Central indexes to the citation distribution: a
complement to the h-index (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Dorta-Gonzalez, P; Dorta-Gonzalez, MI
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.729-745 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005;
CITATION item_title; CITATION* item_title
KEYWORDS: h-index; Citation analysis; Bibliometric indexes;
Research career evaluation
KEYWORDS+: HIRSCHS H; BIBLIOMETRIC INDICATORS; SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH;
EGGHES G; OUTPUT
ABSTRACT: The citation distribution of a researcher shows the
impact of their production and determines the success of their scientific
career. However, its application in scientific evaluation is difficult
due to the bi-dimensional character of the distribution. Some
bibliometric indexes that try to synthesize in a numerical value the
principal characteristics of this distribution have been proposed
recently. In contrast with other bibliometric measures, the biases that
the distribution tails provoke, are reduced by the h-index. However, some
limitations in the discrimination among researchers with different
publication habits are presented in this index. This index penalizes
selective researchers, distinguished by the large number of citations
received, as compared to large producers. In this work, two original sets
of indexes, the central area indexes and the central interval indexes,
that complement the h-index to include the central shape of the citation
distribution, are proposed and compared.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: P Dorta-Gonzalez, Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Dept
Metodos Cuantitativos Econ & Gest, Gran Canaria, Spain
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: Scientometric impact assessment of a research policy
instrument: the case of rating researchers on scientific outputs in South
Africa (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Inglesi-Lotz, R; Pouris, A
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.747-760 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): SCIENTOMETRIC* item_title
KEYWORDS: Scientometrics; Incentives; Research policy; Quasi
experimental design; South Africa
KEYWORDS+: ECONOMICS; PROGRAMS
ABSTRACT: The influence of the National Research Foundation's (NRF)
rating system on the productivity of the South African social science
researchers is investigated scientometrically for the period from 1981 to
2006. Their output performance is mainly indicated by their research
publications. Following international best practice in scientometrics as
well as the behavioural reinforcement theory, we employed the
"before/after control impact (BACI) method'', as well as the well known
econometric breakpoint test as proposed by Chow. We use as control group
the publications in the field of clinical medicine. The field is not
supported by NRF and hence clinical medicine researchers are not affected
by the evaluation and rating system. The findings show a positive impact
of the NRF programme on the research outputs of social sciences
researchers and the implementation of the programme has increased the
relevant population of research articles by an average of 24.5% (during
the first 5 years) over the expected number of publication without the
programme. The results confirm the scientometric findings of other
studies (e. g. that of Nederhof) that ratings promulgate research
productivity.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: R Inglesi-Lotz, Univ Pretoria, Dept Econ, ZA-0002 Pretoria,
South Africa
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: Patent co-citation networks of Fortune 500 companies
(Article, English)
AUTHOR: Wang, XW; Zhang, X; Xu, SM
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.761-770 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): GARFIELD E rauth;
KESSLER MM AM DOC 14:10 1963;
SMALL H J AM SOC INFORM SCI 24:265 1973;
SMALL H SCIENTOMETRICS 38:275 1997;
CITATION item_title; CITATION* item_title;
CO CITATION* item_title
KEYWORDS: Fortune 500; Patent bibliometrics; Patent co-citation;
Technology structure
KEYWORDS+: GENETIC-ENGINEERING RESEARCH; INDICATORS; KNOWLEDGE;
CLASSIFICATION; BIOTECHNOLOGY; BIBLIOMETRICS; SECTORS;
SYSTEM
ABSTRACT: This paper provides an overview of the progression of
technology structure based on patent co-citation networks. Methods of
patent bibliometrics, social network analysis and information
visualization are employed to analyze patents of Fortune 500 companies
indexed in Derwent Innovations Index, the largest patent database in the
world. Based on the co-citation networks, several main technology groups
are identified, including Chemicals, Petroleum Refining, Motor Vehicles,
Pharmaceuticals, Electronics, etc. Relationships among the leading
companies and technology groups are also revealed.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: XW Wang, Dalian Univ Technol, WISE Lab, Dalian, Peoples R
China
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: A methodology for Institution-Field ranking based on a
bidimensional analysis: the IFQ(2)A index (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Torres-Salinas, D; Moreno-Torres, JG;
Delgado-Lopez-Cozar, E; Herrera, F
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.771-786 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): PRICE DJD rauth;
HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005
KEYWORDS: Rankings; Universities; Higher education; Bibliometrics;
Shanghai ranking; Bidimensional analysis; Evaluation
models; Research performance assessment; h-index
KEYWORDS+: HIGHLY CITED PAPERS; ACADEMIC RANKINGS; IMPACT
ABSTRACT: The problem of comparing academic institutions in terms
of their research production is nowadays a priority issue. This paper
proposes a relative bidimensional index that takes into account both the
net production and the quality of it, as an attempt to provide a
comprehensive and objective way to compare the research output of
different institutions in a specific field, using journal contributions
and citations. The proposed index is then applied, as a case study, to
rank the top Spanish universities in the fields of Chemistry and Computer
Science in the period ranging from 2000 until 2009. A comparison with the
top 50 universities in the ARWU rankings is also made, showing the
proposed ranking is better suited to distinguish among non-elite
universities.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: JG Moreno-Torres, Univ Granada, Dept Comp Sci & Artificial
Intelligence, E-18071 Granada, Spain
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: Tracking R&D behavior: bibliometric analysis of drug
patents in the Orange Book (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Huang, MC; Fang, SC; Chang, SC
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.805-818 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): BIBLIOMETR* item_title
KEYWORDS: Bibliometric analysis; Pharmaceutical industry; Orange
Book; NDAs; Patent sourcing
KEYWORDS+: GENETIC-ENGINEERING RESEARCH; PHARMACEUTICAL-INDUSTRY;
PRODUCTIVITY; BIOTECHNOLOGY; TECHNOLOGY; CITATIONS;
SCIENCE; FIRMS; PERSPECTIVE; INNOVATION
ABSTRACT: The Publication Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic
Equivalence Evaluations (commonly known as the Orange Book) identifies
drug products approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration
(USFDA) for safety and effectiveness, and provides substantial
information on new drug applications (NDAs) with patent data. To explore
the patterns among drug patents in the Orange Book, this study used
patent bibliometric analysis. The productivity and impact are presented
at the assignee level and applicant level, respectively, and the
applicant's patent portfolio is further discussed. 2,033 drug patents are
identified in this current study. Our findings indicate that the
applicant's patent portfolio in the Orange Book is helpful in revealing
the technological capability and patent strategy of the pharmaceutical
incumbents. By linking drug data and patent information, this current
study sheds light on patent research in the pharmaceutical industry.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: SC Fang, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Business Adm, 1 Univ
Rd, Tainan 701, Taiwan
0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: Hybrid clustering of multi-view data via Tucker-2 model
and its application (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Liu, XH; Glanzel, W; De Moor, B
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.819-839 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): SMALL H J AM SOC INFORM SCI 24:265 1973
KEYWORDS: Hybrid clustering; Multi-view data; Text mining;
Bibliometric analysis
KEYWORDS+: SINGULAR-VALUE DECOMPOSITION; WORD ANALYSIS; COMBINED
COCITATION; NETWORKS; SCIENCE; TEXT
ABSTRACT: With the modern technology fast developing, most of
entities can be observed by different perspectives. These multiple view
information allows us to find a better pattern as long as we integrate
them in an appropriate way. So clustering by integrating multi-view
representations that describe the same class of entities has become a
crucial issue for knowledge discovering. We integrate multi-view data by
a tensor model and present a hybrid clustering method based on Tucker-2
model, which can be regarded as an extension of spectral clustering. We
apply our hybrid clustering method to scientific publication analysis by
integrating citation-link and lexical content. Clustering experiments are
conducted on a large-scale journal set retrieved from the Web of Science
(WoS) database. Several relevant hybrid clustering methods are cross
compared with our method. The analysis of clustering results demonstrate
the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, we provide a
cognitive analysis of the clustering results as well as the visualization
as a mapping of the journal set.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: XH Liu, Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Informat Sci & Engn,
Heping Rd 947, Wuhan 30081, Hubei, Peoples R China
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: Characteristics of research in China assessed with
Essential Science Indicators (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Fu, HZ; Chuang, KY; Wang, MH; Ho, YS
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.841-862 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): ARUNACHALAM S rauth; GARFIELD E rauth;
GARFIELD E CURR CONTENTS 49:5 1992;
GARFIELD E J CERAM PROCESS RES 4:155 2003
KEYWORDS: Bibliometric analysis; China; Essential science indicator;
Highly cited papers
KEYWORDS+: TOP-CITED ARTICLES; BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS; RESEARCH
PERFORMANCE; SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; CITATION-CLASSICS;
BASIC RESEARCH; JOURNALS; TRENDS; COLLABORATION; SOCIOLOGY
ABSTRACT: To provide an overview of the characteristics of research
in China, a bibliometric evaluation of highly cited papers with high-
level representation was conducted during the period from 1999 to 2009
based on the Essential Science Indicators (ESI) database. A comprehensive
assessment covered overall performance, journals, subject categories,
internationally collaborative countries, national inter-institutionally
collaborative institutions, and most-cited papers in 22 scientific
fields. China saw a strong growth in scientific publications in the last
decade, to some extent due to increasing research and development
expenditure. China has been more active in ESI fields of chemistry and
physics, but more excellent in materials science, engineering and
mathematics. Most publications were concerned with the common Science
Citation Index subject categories of multidisciplinary chemistry,
multidisciplinary materials and science, and physical chemistry. About
one half China's ESC papers were internationally collaborative and the
eight major industrialized countries (the USA, Germany, the UK, Japan,
France, Canada, Russia, and Italy) played a prominent role in scientific
collaboration with China, especially the USA. The Chinese Academy of
Sciences took the leading position of institutions with many branches.
The "985 Project'' stimulated the most productive institutions for
academic research with a huge funding injection and the universities in
Hong Kong showed good scientific performance. The citation impact of
internationally collaborative papers differed among fields and
international collaborations made positive contributions to academic
research in China.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: YS Ho, Asia Univ, Trend Res Ctr, 500 Lioufeng Rd, Wufeng
41354, Taichung County, Taiwan
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: The effect of academic inbreeding on scientific
effectiveness (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Inanc, O; Tuncer, O
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.885-898 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005
KEYWORDS: Academic inbreeding; Scientific effectiveness; Turkish
universities
KEYWORDS+: H-INDEX
ABSTRACT: In academia, the term "inbreeding'' refers to a situation
wherein PhDs are employed in the very same institution that trained them
during their doctoral studies. Academic inbreeding has a negative
perception on the account that it damages both scientific effectiveness
and productivity. In this article, the effect of inbreeding on scientific
effectiveness is investigated through a case study. This problem is
addressed by utilizing Hirsch index as a reliable metric of an academic's
scientific productivity. Utilizing the dataset, constructed with academic
performance indicators of individuals from the Mechanical and
Aeronautical Engineering Departments, of the Turkish Technical
Universities, we demonstrate that academic inbreeding has a negative
impact on apparent scientific effectiveness through a negative binomial
model. This model appears to be the most suitable one for the dataset
which is a type of count data. We report chi-square statistics and
likelihood ratio test for the parameter alpha. According to the chi-
square statistics the model is significant as a whole. The incidence rate
ratio for the variable "inbreeding'' is estimated to be 0.11 and this
ratio tells that, holding all the other factors constant, for the inbred
faculty, the h-index is about 89% lower when compared to the non-inbred
faculty. Furthermore, there exists negative and statistically significant
correlation with an individual's productivity and the percentage of
inbred faculty members at the very same department. Excessive practice of
inbreeding adversely affects the overall productivity. Decision makers
are urged to limit this practice to a minimum in order to foster a
vibrant research environment. Furthermore, it is also found that
scientific productivity of an individual decreases towards the end of his
scientific career.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: O Tuncer, Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Aeronaut Engn, TR-34469
Istanbul, Turkey
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: Bibliographical research in the study of Hebrew printing:
a bibliometric analysis (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Lapon-Kandelshein, E; Prebor, G
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.899-913 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): BIBLIOGRAPHIC* item_title; BIBLIOMETR* item_title
KEYWORDS: Bibliometric analysis; Bibliography; Hebrew printing
KEYWORDS+: LAW
ABSTRACT: The study presents the state of bibliographical research
in the discipline of Hebrew printing during a 30-year period, ranging
from the latter quarter of the twentieth century until the beginning of
the third millennium (1976-2006). Through bibliographical parameters it
characterizes the publications dealing with Hebrew printing, examines
whether the published material exhibits laws and systematic regularities
that are consistent with Bibliometrics, and describes directions in which
the field has developed.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: G Prebor, Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Informat Sci, IL-52900 Ramat
Gan, Israel
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: Measuring economic journals' citation efficiency: a data
envelopment analysis approach (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Halkos, GE; Tzeremes, NG
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.979-1001 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): GARFIELD E rauth;
HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005;
JOURNALS item_title; CITATION item_title;
CITATION* item_title;
GARFIELD E SCIENCE 122:108 1955
KEYWORDS: Ranking journals; Economic journals; Data envelopment
analysis; Indexing techniques
KEYWORDS+: NONPARAMETRIC FRONTIER MODELS; WEB-OF-SCIENCE; GOOGLE
SCHOLAR; RELATIVE IMPACTS; RANKING; INDICATORS; SCOPUS;
BOOTSTRAP; COVERAGE; INDEXES
ABSTRACT: This paper by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and
statistical inference evaluates the citation performance of 229 economic
journals. The paper categorizes the journals into four main categories (A-
D) based on their efficiency levels. The results are then compared to the
27 "core economic journals'' as introduced by Diamond (Curr Contents
21(1):4-11, 1989). The results reveal that after more than 20 years
Diamonds' list of "core economic journals'' is still valid. Finally, for
the first time the paper uses data from four well-known databases (SSCI,
Scopus, RePEc, Econlit) and two quality ranking reports (Kiel Institute
internals ranking and ABS quality ranking report) in a DEA setting and in
order to derive the ranking of 229 economic journals. The ten economic
journals with the highest citation performance are Journal of Political
Economy, Econometrica, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Journal of
Financial Economics, Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic
Review, Review of Economic Studies, Journal of Econometrics, Journal of
Finance, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: GE Halkos, Univ Thessaly, Dept Econ, Korai 43, Volos 38333,
Greece
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: A comment to the paper by Waltman et al., Scientometrics,
87, 467-481, 2011 (Editorial Material, English)
AUTHOR: Opthof, T; Leydesdorff, L
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.1011-1016 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): MACROBERTS MH rauth; SCIENTOMETRIC* item_title;
HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005;
EDITORIAL doctype
KEYWORDS: Citation; Indicator; h-index; Quality; Excellence;
Selection
KEYWORDS+: CITATION ANALYSIS; INDICATORS; PERFORMANCE; SELECTION;
IMPACT; OUTPUT; INDEX
ABSTRACT: In reaction to a previous critique (Opthof and
Leydesdorff, J Informetr 4(3):423-430, 2010), the Center for Science and
Technology Studies (CWTS) in Leiden proposed to change their old "crown''
indicator in citation analysis into a new one. Waltman (Scientometrics
87:467-481, 2011a) argue that this change does not affect rankings at
various aggregated levels. However, CWTS data is not publicly available
for testing and criticism. Therefore, we comment by using previously
published data of Van Raan (Scientometrics 67(3):491-502, 2006) to
address the pivotal issue of how the results of citation analysis
correlate with the results of peer review. A quality parameter based on
peer review was neither significantly correlated with the two parameters
developed by the CWTS in the past citations per paper/mean journal
citation score (CPP/JCSm) or CPP/FCSm (citations per paper/mean field
citation score) nor with the more recently proposed h-index (Hirsch, Proc
Natl Acad Sci USA 102(46):16569-16572, 2005). Given the high correlations
between the old and new "crown'' indicators, one can expect that the lack
of correlation with the peer-review based quality indicator applies
equally to the newly developed ones.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: L Leydesdorff, Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam Sch Commun Res
ASCoR, Kloveniersburgwal 48, NL-1012 CX Amsterdam,
Netherlands
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE: On the correlation between bibliometric indicators and
peer review: reply to Opthof and Leydesdorff (Review, English)
AUTHOR: Waltman, L; van Eck, NJ; van Leeuwen, TN; Visser, MS;
van Raan, AFJ
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 88 (3). SEP 2011. p.1017-1022 SPRINGER,
DORDRECHT
SEARCH TERM(S): HIRSCH JE P NATL ACAD SCI USA 102:16569 2005;
BIBLIOMETR* item_title
KEYWORDS: Bibliometric indicator; Citation analysis; Correlation;
Peer review
KEYWORDS+: INDEX
ABSTRACT: Opthof and Leydesdorff (Scientometrics, 2011) reanalyze
data reported by Van Raan (Scientometrics 67(3):491-502, 2006) and
conclude that there is no significant correlation between on the one hand
average citation scores measured using the CPP/FCSm indicator and on the
other hand the quality judgment of peers. We point out that Opthof and
Leydesdorff draw their conclusions based on a very limited amount of
data. We also criticize the statistical methodology used by Opthof and
Leydesdorff. Using a larger amount of data and a more appropriate
statistical methodology, we do find a significant correlation between the
CPP/FCSm indicator and peer judgment.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: L Waltman, Leiden Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol Studies, Leiden,
Netherlands
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