Schneider JW, Borlund P "Introduction to bibliometrics for construction and maintenance of thesauri - Methodical considerations" JOURNAL OF DOCUMENTATION 60 (5): 524-549 2004

[Eugene Garfield]

E-mail addresses:
Jesper W. Schneider : jws at db.dk
Pia Borlund :  pb at db.dk

SUMMARY OF PAPER REPRODUCED BELOW

Title    : Introduction to bibliometrics for construction and maintenance
           of thesauri - Methodical considerations

Author(s): Schneider JW, Borlund P

Source: JOURNAL OF DOCUMENTATION 60 (5): 524-549 2004

Abstract:
The paper introduces bibliometrics to the research area of knowledge
organization-more precisely in relation to construction and maintenance of
thesauri. As such, the paper reviews related work that has been of
inspiration for the assembly of a semi-automatic, bibliometric-based,
approach for construction and maintenance. Similarly, the paper discusses
the methodical considerations behind the approach. Eventually, the semi-
automatic approach is used to verify the applicability of bibliometric
methods as a supplement to construction and maintenance of thesauri. In the
context of knowledge organization, the paper outlines two fundamental
approaches to knowledge organization, that is, the manual intellectual
approach and the automatic algorithmic approach. Bibliometric methods
belong to the automatic algorithmic approach, though bibliometrics do have
special characteristics that are substantially different from other methods
within this approach.

Addresses: Schneider JW (reprint author), Royal Sch Lib & Informat Sci,
Aalborg, Denmark
Royal Sch Lib & Informat Sci, Aalborg, Denmark

Publisher: EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED, 60/62 TOLLER LANE, BRADFORD
BD8 9BY, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND

IDS Number: 867VY
ISSN: 0022-0418




EXCERPT FROM PAPER :

SUMMARY STATEMENTS:

Bibliometrics is epistemologically founded in empiricism, as well as
pragmatism, and is thereby linked to the automatic algorithmic approach to
knowledge organization. However, the application of bibliometric methods is
not a completely automatic thesaurus construction process, as intellectual
interpretation of identified candidate terms and concept relationships is
required. Hence, we refer to the described approach as a semi-automatic
approach to thesaurus construction and maintenance.

The proposed approach is substantially different from the traditional
automatic algorithmic term co-occurrence methods to thesaurus construction;
because term class construction in the bibliometric approach is based on
citations and references. Citations and references are independent of
language and changing terminology, and consequently this can be exploited
advantageously for thesaurus construction and maintenance purposes. Thus,
bibliometric methods are recommendable for uncovering different knowledge
patterns in texts, through the use of citations and references given in the
scientific literature, as a supplement to the traditional approaches.

Our approach and introduction of bibliometric methods to thesaurus
construction and maintenance is new. The application of bibliometrics is
rarely seen, with the exception of Rees-Potter (1987, 1989), who supports
our approach. The proposed range of bibliometric methods is commonly known.
The proposed range of methods and techniques to be verified are not
definitive, but represent our choices of methods based on the presented
methodical considerations. Further, the introduction of bibliometrics is
not restricted to thesaurus construction and maintenance, but is also
applicable to less elaborated and sophisticated knowledge organization
systems, such as semantic networks and ontologies.

Two main approaches exist to knowledge organization, that is, the manual
intellectual approach and automatic algorithmic approach. The manual
intellectual approach is considered essential to construction of knowledge
organization systems due to the dynamic and complex nature of language. But
the manual intellectual approach is also acknowledged for being a resource
demanding and costly process. In contrast, the automatic algorithmic
approach is less resource demanding and is furthermore suitable for
managing large data sets, what makes it an attractive approach to knowledge
organization. Consequently, the two main approaches supplement one another,
and can advantageously be combined to counterbalance the strengths and
weaknesses of each of them. Motivated by this bibliometrics is proposed as
a semi-automatic approach to supplement the manual intellectual approach to
thesaurus construction and maintenance - and is presented as the basic idea
of the paper.

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