From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Sep 1 13:21:53 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 1 Sep 2004 13:21:53 -0400 Subject: Abt HA. The Institute for Scientific Information and the Science Citation Index" Organizations and strategies in Astronomy, 4(296):197-204, 2003 Message-ID: E-mail Address - Helmut Abt : abt at noao.edu Author : Abt, HA Kitt Peak National Observatory P.O. Box 26732, Tucson, AZ 86726-6732 Title : The Institute for Scientific Information and the Science Citation Index Source : Organizations and Strategies in Astronomy, 4(296):197-204, 2003. A. Heck (editor) Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers, PO Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands Abstract: The history, goals, and capabilities of the Science Citation Index, which is produced by the Institute for Scientific Information, are reviewed. Recent statistics and data about astronomy are given. We address questions such as the importance of self-citations, whether citations really measure importance, and whether citations in different fields can be fairly compared. Introduction The only quantitative method that we have to judge the importance or usefulness of scientific papers is to count citations (references) to them. People have worried about whether a high citation count invariably indicates an important paper, giving, as an example, counts that depend upon many self-citations. Several people have explored the statistical significance of self-citations. For instance, Trimble (1986) states: "About 15% of all citations in astronomical papers published durig January 1983 were self-citations, in the sense that the cited and citing papers had at least one author in common... [It] varies surprisingly little among journals, countries, subdisciplines, and epochs". Considering that citation counts vary by two or three orders of magnitude between excellent and unimportant ones, an error of 15% is not significant. Others (e.g. Garfield 1955) were concerned whether incorrect papers might also receive more citations than they deserve. That has rarely proven to be true. By studying citations to a set of 53 papers judged by senior astronomers to be the most important ones of the 20th century, Abt (2000) found that 92% of them had an average citation count 5 (after 1950) to 11 (before 1950) times the average and average half-lives 2.5 times the average. He concluded that high citation counts almost invariably implies importance or usefulness. As early as 1955 Eugene Garfield (1955) considered the idea of producing a multi-disciplinary citation index for science. The idea was not new. As early as 1873 lawyers had a legal "citator" covering case law. Shepard's Citations was published, first in New York and then after World War II moved to Colorado Springs, CO. Shepard's provides brief summaries of court cases in all states and lists all subsequent cases that refer to them. It did not originally cover legal literature. However, producing a citator for science was a far greater undertaking. Consider that in 1998 the printed Science Citation Index (SCI) included 16,780,146 citations to 770,591 papers in 3542 journals, and was printed on 38,422 pages for the main index alone. It also included citations to thousands of books and patents. There are several reasons for producing a citation index. Its primary purpose is to help conduct literature searches that are highly specific and independent of terminology. The Science Citation Index spawned the field of scientometrics - charting the growth of sub-disciplines relative to one another. The journal Scientometrics (now published by Kluwer Academic Publishers - see Schubert 2001) was launched in 1978. Shortly after SCI was launched, it was recognized that it could be used to evaluate the importance and impact of (1) an individual paper, (2) a scientist's set of papers, (3) the papers from a given institution, (4) various journals, and (5) to select the most important papers (CitationClassics) in any field of research. From harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK Wed Sep 1 18:28:56 2004 From: harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK (Stevan Harnad) Date: Wed, 1 Sep 2004 23:28:56 +0100 Subject: Testing the citation-ranking search engine: Citebase Message-ID: Item by Garrett Eastman in Open Access News http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2004_08_29_fosblogarchive.html#a109406153195893347 "The Sept/Oct issue of Online http://www.infotoday.com/online/sep04/index.shtml features some OA-related articles which are not available on the magazine's website. Peter Jasco reviews three search utilities in his Picks and Pans column (p.57), and calls Citebase Search http://citebase.eprints.org "the crown jewel of the Open Citation Project," http://opcit.eprints.org/ noting its facility in searching open access sources such as arXiv, cogprints, and BioMed Central. He has high regard for the Institute of Physics (IoP) archive search interface, but dismisses Google's interface for searching scholarly archives (consisting of material from nine scientific publishers,) determining that "duplicates and triplicates were very common in many of Google's results, so its reported hits must be discounted ..." He concludes with the suggestion that scientists not rely on Google for searching this kind of material, given their "half-hearted implementation" of their interface to these archives. ------------------ Pertinent Prior AmSci Topic Threads: "Testing the citation-ranking search engine: Citebase" http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Hypermail/Amsci/2121.html "Scientometric OAI Search Engines" http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Hypermail/Amsci/2237.html "A Search Engine for Searching Across Distributed Eprint Archives" http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Hypermail/Amsci/0927.html "Abstract searching via Paracite" http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Hypermail/Amsci/3155.html From harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK Thu Sep 2 14:05:33 2004 From: harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK (Stevan Harnad) Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 19:05:33 +0100 Subject: letter to Physics Today In-Reply-To: <5.1.0.14.0.20040902130445.03526bf0@pop.earlham.edu> Message-ID: Some comments about the excerpts from Physics Today letters: > http://www.physicstoday.org/vol-57/iss-9/p11.html > > >Impact, though, has nothing to do with competence. Rating the impact of a > >journal is a different task from rating the competence of an individual. Two ideas seem to be conflated in one here: (i) Journal impact is definitely not the same as individual impact. (ii) And impact is definitely not the same as competence (or quality). But they are correlated: Journal impact is correlated with individual competence and quality, and individual paper or author impact is even more strongly correlated with competence and quality. > >The effects of the competence or incompetence of individual papers average > >out to produce a greater or lesser reputation for a given journal. As the > >journal matures, its reputation stabilizes, and can even improve. This is of course about the noisiness of the journal impact factor, which is the average of its papers' impacts. Of course individual impacts are better predictors of individual quality and importance than just impact of the journal in which they publish, that being an average of the impacts of the other articles published therein. But I would not put my hand in the fire that if we looked objectively, in the form of a bivariate regression equation, at the respective amounts of variance in a criterion variable (such as, say, probability of prizes, peer-rated importance, co-citation-based importance, or even position, institution, grant-revenue or salary) that are predicted by (1) individual citation count and (2) journal impact factor, that (2) would not contribute a bit of independent predictive power to the equation, over and above (1). But (1) would certainly the stronger predictor. > >The impact of a young scientist is not a sensible concept This is repeating the almost tautologous fact that it takes a while for a beginning researcher's work to make an impact! This is of course true. Fortunately, there are now early-days indicators of impact, over and above citation counts, and these include usage impact (downloads), which Tim Brody has shown to be correlated with citations 1-2 years down the line: http://citebase.eprints.org/analysis/correlation.php > >Citations can be given in a prejudicial fashion.... citation cartels True. But fortunately, the online medium also makes it possible (and increasingly easy) to detect such patterns of self-serving citation-cartels, using clever algorithms that compare endogamy rates against other factors. OA will soon mean hard times for such tricks, just as it means hard times for plagiarism and priority fudging.... > >These factors, combined with the sheer volume of published work, can > >prevent even first-rate work from being noticed. In such an atmosphere, > >only written evaluations by those who have read the candidate's work can > >be taken as formal indicators of competence. When all else fails, one can have work hand re-reviewed by peers. But one hopes that journal peer review the first time, together with the established quality standards of the peer-reviewed journals -- supplemented now by individual citation counts, download counts, co-citation patterns and other new objective scientometric measures -- will take some of the load off individual human re-evaluation. One hopes, though, that assessment will not be *all* just scientometric. Algorithms will fall short of human judgment until cognitive science has discovered the algorithms underling human cognition! > >But this approach runs > >head-on against another problem... Hak: profligate > >coauthorship. Exactly whose work is to be evaluated? Someone can easily be > >a coauthor of a well-cited paper to which he or she has contributed little > >insight. How do we know for sure whose impact is being factored? Again, in a 100% OA citation-linked corpus, algorithms can easily test whether a co-author's weight is borne out by his other work! http://opcit.eprints.org/ Some of these views in Physics Today seem a bit vieux-jeu, partly based still on paper-based thinking, partly the old worries about scientometric ("articles cited a lot because they're bad"...: all these will in fact be correctable algorithmically once the corpus is there and the good heads get to work on the designing the algorithms!). Stevan Harnad From bernies at UILLINOIS.EDU Fri Sep 3 14:27:40 2004 From: bernies at UILLINOIS.EDU (Sloan, Bernie) Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 13:27:40 -0500 Subject: FW: Scopus review available Message-ID: FYI... -----Original Message----- From: Electronic Resources in Libraries [mailto:ERIL-L at LISTSERV.BINGHAMTON.EDU] On Behalf Of george at LIBRARY.CALTECH.EDU Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 11:38 AM To: ERIL-L at LISTSERV.BINGHAMTON.EDU Subject: [ERIL-L] Scopus review available Peter Jacso writes a free monthly column, Peter's Digital Ready Reference Shelf http://www.galegroup.com/free_resources/reference/peter/, providing in-depth reviews of online databases and information services. This month, Peter tackles Scopus, my copy printed at 10 pages http://www.galegroup.com/free_resources/reference/peter/sept.htm. Quoting from the September column's announcement: SCOPUS, a mighty collection of multidisciplinary abstracting/indexing records, enhanced with cited references, sporting-good search and excellent linking capabilities. Scopus has outstanding output features, including results lists displayed in a grid format, prominent display of the citedness score of items on the results lists - which can be re-sorted by decreasing citedness order (among others) - and an automatic and instant bibliometric profile of the results lists. George S. Porter Sherman Fairchild Library of Engineering & Applied Science California Institute of Technology Mail Code 1-43, Pasadena, CA 91125-4300 Telephone (626) 395-3409 Fax (626) 431-2681 http://library.caltech.edu contributor http://stlq.info | http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/fosblog.html From harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK Sat Sep 4 15:37:07 2004 From: harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK (Stevan Harnad) Date: Sat, 4 Sep 2004 20:37:07 +0100 Subject: OA advantage = EA + AA + QB + OA + UA In-Reply-To: <200409040009.44932.jean.claude.guedon@umontreal.ca> Message-ID: On Sat, 4 Sep 2004, jcg wrote: > Dear Stevan, > > In your presentation of the Kurtz study that is available at: > http://listserver.sigmaxi.org/sc/wa.exe?A2=ind04&L=american-scientist-open-access-forum&O=A&F=l&P=44671 > > one finds both round and square brackets. I take it that the square brackets > are your interventions or clarifications while the round brackets are just > brackets used by the author. Dear Jean-Claude, That's correct. > Here is the passage that interests me: > > For me the bottom line result of my little experiment is that even for > astronomy, with its near ideal [i.e., small, universally affordable] > toll-based system, fully 20% of all potential article reads are thwarted > by the access controls (and lack of electronic versions). (The fact that > many of the inaccessable papers are in the ArXiv probably does not change > this much, as the additional effort involved [from leaving ADS's unified > resource to go to another system] is a great deterrent.) It's a little confusing as written, but I think what Michael means here is that the special situation of astro -- with just about 100% of astrophysicists worldwide having just about 100% institution-licenced (toll) access to the full, small, closed circle of astro journals -- there is still an impact advantage for those articles that are also in Arxiv, because authors prefer to search Arxiv, seamlessly, with all the preprints and postprints together there, rather than to search across various licensed sites (and in some cases there is no online version, just paper!). I expect that the astro publishers' licensed sites will remedy this to a certain extent soon (all online, seamless navigation), but they cannot remedy the fact that they don't have the PREprints! And so the fine-structure of the OA citation-impact advantage now appears to consist of the following additive components: (EA): Early advantage, a permanent citation increment that comes from making the paper accessible already at the preprint stage. (This is not just an earlier reaching of the eventual peak, but a true increment.) (AA): Arxiv advantage: Even in astro, where the postprints are all 100% OA through universal licenses, and apart from the preprint EA effect, there is an additional citation advantage for those articles that are not just OA through the licensed sources, but also through Arxiv. (This effect will also occur, I expect, for the entire network of distribute OAI institutional archives, searched via OAIster or citeseer, once the content there also approaches 100%. So the first "A" can also be read as (Self-)Archiving Advantage.) (QB): Quality bias: There is a tendency in astro (and probably in other fields as well) for the self-archiving authors to be the authors of the higher quality articles. So this is a component of the OA citation advantage of which the cause is not OA but self-selection. (OA): In addition to these 3 factors there is the true OA citation advantage (absent in astro, because it is already 100% OA), which is the higher citations that an OA article has over a non-OA article published in the same journal and year, over and above its EA, AA and QB advantage. My prediction is that this 4th component of the overall citation advantage for Open Access articles will be the biggest component in fields where the %OA is low, and will shrink, relatively, as the proportion OA approached 100%. (In astro, there is 100% OA, so this third component is zero.) This means that until we reach 100% OA, the biggest benefits of OA are in fact relative, *competitive* advantages; hence this is another strong incentive for reaching 100% OA as soon one as we can -- and it means that authors who provide OA before their field has reached 100% OA will enjoy an extra advantage until it does. But even at 100% OA (at which level, according to Michael Kurtz, in astro, the total number of citations is not scaled up higher than with non-OA), there will not only still be the EA (preprint) advantage but also: (UA): Usage advantage. With 100% OA, articles are *used* three times as much as with non-OA (even though they are not cited more). The QA vanishes, of course (as all articles are OA) and so will the AA (as access will be integrated and seamless). But there will still be a "selectivity" effect, in which authors will be able to select in a far better-informed way what they do and do not choose to cite, with the toll-affordability bias that there was in non-OA days now completely eliminated. And variance in the size of the UA will be predictive, because UA is an early-performance predictor of later citation impact: http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/329/7465/546 http://citebase.eprints.org/analysis/correlation.php http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/timcorr.doc > PS Some people tell me privately that you now object to shades of green in the > Romeo color coding scheme. Is this really true? No, not at all. But it depends which Romeo colour coding scheme you mean! The one in romeo.eprints.org has only two colours, green and gray. Gray means no green light for either preprint or preprint yet. Pale-green means preprint only. Full-green means postprint. I of course completely agree with that code, because I designed it! http://romeo.eprints.org/stats.php What I object too is the absurd spectrum of unnecessary and confusing colours that are still being used by SHERPA Romeo: white, yellow, blue, green (and even red and gray!) to mark distinctions that are completely irrelevant to OA and only of interest to acquisitions librarians and IP officers. http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeoinfo.html http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo.php?all=yes Best wishes, Stevan Harnad From quentinburrell at MANX.NET Sat Sep 4 16:54:10 2004 From: quentinburrell at MANX.NET (Quentin L. Burrell) Date: Sat, 4 Sep 2004 21:54:10 +0100 Subject: OA advantage = EA + AA + QB + OA + UA In-Reply-To: Message-ID: Steve I very much enjoy your contributions to the list. However, you do have a tendency to make unsupported statements. E.g.: (QB): Quality bias: There is a tendency in astro (and probably in other fields as well) for the self-archiving authors to be the authors of the higher quality articles. Evidence? Definition of "higher quality"? Quentin Burrell ***************************** Dr Quentin L Burrell Isle of Man International Business School The Nunnery Old Castletown Road Douglas IM2 1QB email q.burrell at ibs.ac.im From harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK Mon Sep 6 17:58:39 2004 From: harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK (Stevan Harnad) Date: Mon, 6 Sep 2004 22:58:39 +0100 Subject: Early Download Impact Predicts Later Citation Impact Message-ID: Pernbeger's (2004) finding that download counts (what we call "usage impact") of British Medical Journal articles predict citation counts ("citation impact") for those articles in subsequent years confirms what Tim Brody's online usage/citation correlator http://citebase.eprints.org/analysis/correlation.php has been demonstrating for several years now across a number of areas in physics and mathematics (Brody & Harnad 2004, in prep.): There is a significant correlation between downloads today and citations two years later. This correlation has two immediate implications: (1) Download counts can be used as early performance indicators for papers and authors, even before their impact is reflected in citation counts: http://citebase.eprints.org/ ( Hitchcock et al. 2003). (2) Enhancing usage impact is yet another reason for authors to provide open access to their articles by self-archiving them. References Brody, T. & Harnad, S. (2004, in prep.) Using Web Statistics as a predictor of Citation Impact. http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/timcorr.doc Harnad, S. & Brody, T. (2004) Comparing the Impact of Open Access (OA) vs. Non-OA Articles in the Same Journals, D-Lib Magazine 10 (6) June http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june04/harnad/06harnad.html Hitchcock, Steve; Woukeu, Arouna; Brody, Tim; Carr, Les; Hall, Wendy and Harnad, Stevan. (2003) Evaluating Citebase, an open access Web-based citation-ranked search and impact discovery service http://opcit.eprints.org/evaluation/Citebase-evaluation/evaluation-report.html Perneger, T.V. (2004) Relation between online "hit counts" and subsequent citations: prospective study of research papers in the BMJ. BMJ 2004;329:546-547 (4 September), doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7465.546 http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/329/7465/546 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Sep 7 15:50:27 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Garfield, Eugene) Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 15:50:27 -0400 Subject: The Virtue of Science by Numbers" David Dickson Message-ID: http://www.scidev.net/editorials/index.cfm?fuseaction=printarticle&itemid=83 &language=1 The Virtue of "Science by Numbers" David Dickson 2003 Science and Development Network. Measuring scientific productivity by tracking the publication record of researchers is widely acknowledged to be hazardous and imperfect. But, like the peer review process, nothing better has yet been devised. ______________________________________________________________________ This email has been scanned by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information please visit http://www.messagelabs.com/email ______________________________________________________________________ From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Sep 7 16:10:17 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Garfield, Eugene) Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 16:10:17 -0400 Subject: FW: Citation Classics at the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory Message-ID: http://cbl.umces.edu/Library/history.php3 Dear Kathy Heil: I just learned about this interesting web page and wish to congratulate you on it. I am also taking the liberty of posting it to the SIGMETRICS listserv of the ASIS&T. You may also be interested to learn about the new web page www.citationclassics.org which provides full text access to the 4,000 Citation Classics that were published in Current Contents over a seventeen year period 1978-1993. With best wishes. __________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org ______________________________________________________________________ This email has been scanned by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information please visit http://www.messagelabs.com/email ______________________________________________________________________ From Andrea.Scharnhorst at NIWI.KNAW.NL Wed Sep 8 09:42:04 2004 From: Andrea.Scharnhorst at NIWI.KNAW.NL (Andrea Scharnhorst) Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 15:42:04 +0200 Subject: special session on Webindicators at the S&T Indicators Conference in Leiden Message-ID: Dear colleagues, please note that the WISER consortium is organizing a special poster session "Webindicators: indicators of the future?" at the S&T Indicator Conference in Leiden, September 23-25 http://conference.cwts.nl/ . Please, find an announcement of the session attached as word file. Sincerely yours Andrea Scharnhorst Dr. Andrea Scharnhorst NERDI Netherlands Institute for Scientific Information Services (NIWI) KNAW Joan Muyskenweg 25 Postbus 95110 1090 HC Amsterdam The Netherlands Tel: +20 4628 670 www.nerdi.knaw.nl www.wiserweb.org -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: leiden session.doc Type: application/msword Size: 32256 bytes Desc: not available URL: From loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET Sat Sep 11 03:49:47 2004 From: loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET (Loet Leydesdorff) Date: Sat, 11 Sep 2004 09:49:47 +0200 Subject: Citation environment of Scientometrics in the new JCR (SCI, 2003) Message-ID: Rotated Component Matrix(a) Component 1 2 3 ANNU REV INFORM SCI .966 -.109 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC .965 .114 INFORM PROCESS MANAG .916 -.155 J INFORM SCI .781 -.274 .319 SCIENCE -.116 .929 MED KLIN -.237 .924 NATURE -.108 .923 ASLIB PROC -.244 -.215 .762 SOC STUD SCI -.279 -.730 SCIENTOMETRICS .125 .552 Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization. a Rotation converged in 5 iterations. (Citing pattern; threshold 1%; methods: L. Leydesdorff & S. E. Cozzens, The Delineation of Specialties in terms of Journals Using the Dynamic Journal Set of the SCI, Scientometrics, 26 (1993) 133-54. ) _____ Loet Leydesdorff Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR) Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam Tel.: +31-20- 525 6598; fax: +31-20- 525 3681 loet at leydesdorff.net ; http://www.leydesdorff.net/ The Challenge of Scientometrics ; The Self-Organization of the Knowledge-Based Society -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET Sat Sep 11 05:37:15 2004 From: loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET (Loet Leydesdorff) Date: Sat, 11 Sep 2004 11:37:15 +0200 Subject: citing/cited patterns Scientometrics in the SCI-JCR 2003 Message-ID: White dots represent cited positions; black dots citing. _____ Loet Leydesdorff Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR) Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam Tel.: +31-20- 525 6598; fax: +31-20- 525 3681 loet at leydesdorff.net ; http://www.leydesdorff.net/ The Challenge of Scientometrics ; The Self-Organization of the Knowledge-Based Society -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: scientom.bmp Type: image/bmp Size: 3628854 bytes Desc: not available URL: From Postd at EROLS.COM Sun Sep 12 09:35:35 2004 From: Postd at EROLS.COM (David Post) Date: Sun, 12 Sep 2004 09:35:35 -0400 Subject: citing/cited patterns Scientometrics in the SCI-JCR 2003 In-Reply-To: <200409110937.LAA14844@hebe.uva.nl> Message-ID: Prof. Leydesdorff: Very interesting .... What program/algorithm did you use to construct this diagram? David ********* David G. Post Professor, Temple Law School 215 204 4539 David.Post at Temple.edu Papers, etc.: http://www.davidpost.com ********* At 11:37 AM 9/11/2004 Saturday +0200, you wrote: >3888a6c.bmp > > >White dots represent cited positions; black dots citing. > > >---------- >Loet Leydesdorff >Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR) >Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam >Tel.: +31-20- 525 6598; fax: +31-20- 525 3681 >loet at leydesdorff.net ; >http://www.leydesdorff.net/ > >The Challenge of >Scientometrics ; The >Self-Organization of the Knowledge-Based Society > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: 3888a6c.bmp Type: application/octet-stream Size: 3628854 bytes Desc: not available URL: From whitehd at DREXEL.EDU Sun Sep 12 21:01:05 2004 From: whitehd at DREXEL.EDU (Howard White) Date: Sun, 12 Sep 2004 21:01:05 -0400 Subject: citing/cited patterns Scientometrics in the SCI-JCR 2003 In-Reply-To: <6.0.0.22.0.20040912093321.020c8780@pop.erols.com> Message-ID: David Post has asked Loet Leydesdorff what "program/algorithm" he used to create his diagram of citing/cited patterns in Scientometrics. I hope Loet will not mind if I point out an earlier appearance of a similar diagram on p. 120 of: White, Howard D. Barry Wellman, Nancy Nazer. (2004). Does Citation Reflect Social Structure? Longitudinal Evidence from the "Globenet" Interdisciplinary Research Group. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 55(2): 111-126. The software used to make the diagram is Netdraw, created by Steve Borgatti and distributed as part of UCINET 6, the premier package for analyzing social network data. It works beautifully with citation network data as well. All one needs is a matrix of sender-receiver (e.g., citer-citee) relations in proper UCINET format and a brief introduction to Netdraw. My article above could be consulted for some descriptive details. UCINet and Netdraw are available from Borgatti at: http://www.analytictech.com/ Howard D. White College of Information Science and Technology Drexel University Philadelphia, PA 19104 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET Mon Sep 13 02:00:17 2004 From: loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET (Loet Leydesdorff) Date: Mon, 13 Sep 2004 08:00:17 +0200 Subject: citing/cited patterns Scientometrics in the SCI-JCR 2003 In-Reply-To: <4144F151.4000101@drexel.edu> Message-ID: Dear David, Howard, and colleagues, Let me first answer David's question: the algorithm used in this representation is from Kamada, T., & Kawai, S. (1989), "An Algorithm for Drawing General Undirected Graphs", Information Processing Letters, Vol. 31 No. 1, pp. 7-15. It is contained in Ucinet, Netdraw, and Pajek which come as a package as indicated by Howard in his previous email. Pajek is also stand alone and then freely available (for academic purposes) at http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/networks/pajek/ . It is made and maintained by a number of mathematicians of the University of Ljubljana. Pajek has become a standard in many applications also outside social network analysis (e.g., in evolutionary economics), but it is fully interfaced with Ucinet (like Netdraw). One can probably do approximately the same things with all these programs. Indeed, Howard, you have the first publication using this with cited/citing in JASIST. My compliments! I used Pajek for the visualization in my analysis of USPTO data in terms of scientific references contained in patents in JASIST 55(11), 991-1001 and in another paper which is still under submission (http://www.leydesdorff.net/stemcell ). In the latter paper, I use all citations from one journal (Bone and Marrow Transplantation) in a year in order to see how they operate (asymmetrically). While playing with the update of the JCR 2003, it occurred to me that the journal citation matrix can also be fed directly into this same routine for bi-modal matrices. Robert Tijssen (Leiden) had done this using Quasi-correspondence analysis in Scientometrics 11 (1987) 347-361 and I had always been a bit jealous on his pictures because they capture both structures (citing, cited) in a single picture while I had to use two pictures (e.g., Scientometrics 9 (1986) 103-125). Another problem at that time was the use of different similarity criteria and clustering algorithms as discussed more recently in several contributions on this list. Because one does no longer need a similarity criterion, the size of the files is virtually unlimited. I suppose that this is major advantage of Pajek (above Netdraw). Viv Cothen (at Wolverhampton) is using the program for the visualization of hyperlinks in Internet research using very large files. I tried to feed the whole JCR (2003) into one representation (5907 journals), but the structure can then no longer be insightful because of the impossibility to have 5907 labels on a page. (Perhaps, I should do a paper on this for Stockholm.) For smaller matrices, however, one obtains an insightful view which may allow us to get more handles on citation as a selective operation. With kind regards, Loet _____ Loet Leydesdorff Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR) Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam Tel.: +31-20- 525 6598; fax: +31-20- 525 3681 loet at leydesdorff.net ; http://www.leydesdorff.net/ The Challenge of Scientometrics ; The Self-Organization of the Knowledge-Based Society _____ From: ASIS&T Special Interest Group on Metrics [mailto:SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU] On Behalf Of Howard White Sent: Monday, September 13, 2004 3:01 AM To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU Subject: Re: [SIGMETRICS] citing/cited patterns Scientometrics in the SCI-JCR 2003 David Post has asked Loet Leydesdorff what "program/algorithm" he used to create his diagram of citing/cited patterns in Scientometrics. I hope Loet will not mind if I point out an earlier appearance of a similar diagram on p. 120 of: White, Howard D. Barry Wellman, Nancy Nazer. (2004). Does Citation Reflect Social Structure? Longitudinal Evidence from the "Globenet" Interdisciplinary Research Group. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 55(2): 111-126. The software used to make the diagram is Netdraw, created by Steve Borgatti and distributed as part of UCINET 6, the premier package for analyzing social network data. It works beautifully with citation network data as well. All one needs is a matrix of sender-receiver (e.g., citer-citee) relations in proper UCINET format and a brief introduction to Netdraw. My article above could be consulted for some descriptive details. UCINet and Netdraw are available from Borgatti at: http://www.analytictech.com/ Howard D. White College of Information Science and Technology Drexel University Philadelphia, PA 19104 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From abasulists at YAHOO.CO.IN Tue Sep 14 06:46:46 2004 From: abasulists at YAHOO.CO.IN (=?iso-8859-1?q?aparna=20basu?=) Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2004 11:46:46 +0100 Subject: Citation environment of Scientometrics in the new JCR (SCI, 2003) In-Reply-To: <200409110749.JAA13836@hebe.uva.nl> Message-ID: Dear Loet, Could you please send a large file on citing cited patterns to me at the address below? This mailbox is low on space. Hope this finds you well. With warm regards, Aparna Aparna Basu Insitute for Genomics and Integrative Biology 254 Okhla Industrial Estate, Phase 3 New Delhi 110020 basu.aparna at rediffmail.com Loet Leydesdorff wrote: Rotated Component Matrix(a) Component 1 2 3 ANNU REV INFORM SCI .966 -.109 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC .965 .114 INFORM PROCESS MANAG .916 -.155 J INFORM SCI .781 -.274 .319 SCIENCE -.116 .929 MED KLIN -.237 .924 NATURE -.108 .923 ASLIB PROC -.244 -.215 .762 SOC STUD SCI -.279 -.730 SCIENTOMETRICS .125 .552 Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization. a Rotation converged in 5 iterations. (Citing pattern; threshold 1%; methods: L. Leydesdorff & S. E. Cozzens, The Delineation of Specialties in terms of Journals Using the Dynamic Journal Set of the SCI, Scientometrics, 26 (1993) 133-54. ) --------------------------------- Loet Leydesdorff Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR) Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam Tel.: +31-20- 525 6598; fax: +31-20- 525 3681 loet at leydesdorff.net ; http://www.leydesdorff.net/ The Challenge of Scientometrics ; The Self-Organization of the Knowledge-Based Society Yahoo! India Matrimony: Find your life partneronline. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Sep 14 17:08:52 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2004 17:08:52 -0400 Subject: Citation Classic Commentaries - Now Available in Full Text Message-ID: On January 3, 1977 my essay - ?Introducing Citation Classics: The human side of scientific papers" < www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v3p001y1977-78.pdf > appeared in Current Contents. The first group was selected from the 500 papers most-cited from 1961-1975. This collection contained some of the most-cited papers ever published. Space does not permit me to repeat the text here but readers may find this two-page essay worth perusing. The Citation Classics feature was intended to capture some of the human side of science. We encouraged authors to include personal details that are rarely found in formal academic publications, such as obstacles encountered and byways taken. We also asked that they mention the contributions of co-authors, awards or honors they received for their research, and any new terminology arising from their work. Finally, we asked them to speculate on the reasons why their work had been cited so often. >From 1977 to 1993, four thousand Citation Classic Commentaries were published. The full texts of these one-page articles are now available on an open access server at :< www.citationclassics.org > The website includes a year-by-year directory as well as a brief history of the project. Presently the file can be searched by author or keyword using the ?FIND? command on your browser. _______________________________________________ Eugene Garfield Chairman Emeritus, ISI (now Thomson Scientific) President and Founding Editor, The Scientist garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Sep 15 15:20:34 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 15:20:34 -0400 Subject: Posner RA "An Economic Analysis of the Use of Citations in the Law " American Law and Economics Review 2:381 (2000). Message-ID: FULL TEXT OF THIS ARTICLE IS AVAILABLE AT : www.law.uchicago.edu/faculty/posner-r/resources/Econ_Analysis_Citations.pdf List of publications by Judge Richard A. Posner are available at : www.law.uchicago.edu/faculty/posner-r/publications.html#articles. TITLE : An Economic Analysis of the Use of Citations in the Law SOURCE: American Law and Economics Review 2:381 (2000). ABSTRACT: This paper examines the use of citations analysis as an empirical tool for understanding aspects of the legal system and for improving the performance of the system. Emphasis is laid on the use of such analysis as a means to evaluate courts and judges (and therefore as a judicial-management tool), to test hypotheses about judicial behavior, and to evaluate and improve legal scholarship. It is argued that economic models, particularly of reputation and of human capital, can frame and guide the use of citations analysis in law. In 2001, Judge Richard A. Posner published a book called "Public Intellectuals: A study of decline" Harvard University Press. Information on this book was posted to the SIG-Metrics on December 20, 2002 at the following url: www.listserv.utk.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0212&L=sigmetrics&P=R3946&I=-3 Judge Posner is also the author of a Citation Classic Commentary ... POSNER RA CITATION CLASSIC - ECONOMIC-ANALYSIS OF LAW Current Contents /Social and Behavioral Science (49): 20-20 1985 www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/classics1985/A1985AUW1000001.pdf There is a delightful interview with Judge Posner by Larissa MacFarquhar. which appeared in The New Yorker. Dec 10, 2001 Full text available at : http://www.iconservatives.org.uk/richard_posner.htm From harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK Wed Sep 15 15:39:04 2004 From: harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK (harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK) Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 15:39:04 -0400 Subject: OA advantage = EA + AA + QB + OA + UA Message-ID: On Sat, 4 Sep 2004 21:54:10 +0100, Quentin L. Burrell wrote: >I very much enjoy your contributions to the list. However, you do have a >tendency to make unsupported statements. E.g.: > >>(QB): Quality bias: There is a tendency in astro (and probably in other >>fields as well) for the self-archiving authors to be the authors of >>the higher quality articles. > >Evidence? Definition of "higher quality"? Fair question. Tim Brody is now gathering evidence (from correlations between (1) number of articles self-archived and (2) the author's or journal's citation count). The hypothesis that the authors of the higher-quality articles tend to be the self-archivers comes from Michael Kurtz, Astrophysics at Harvard, but it is also widely shared in the arxiv-user community. Kurtz, Michael J.; Eichhorn, Guenther; Accomazzi, Alberto; Grant, Carolyn S.; Demleitner, Markus; Murray, Stephen S.; Martimbeau, Nathalie; Elwell, Barbara. (2004a) Worldwide Use and Impact of the NASA Astrophysics Data System Digital Library. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 55. http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~kurtz/jasist1.pdfhttp://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~kurtz/jasist1.pdf Kurtz, Michael J.; Eichhorn, Guenther; Accomazzi, Alberto; Grant, Carolyn S.; Demleitner, Markus; Murray, Stephen S.; Martimbeau, Nathalie ; Elwell, Barbara (2004b) The Bibliometric Properties of Article Readership Information. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 55. http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~kurtz/jasist2.pdf Cheers, Stevan From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Sep 21 10:45:09 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Garfield, Eugene) Date: Tue, 21 Sep 2004 10:45:09 -0400 Subject: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/2/33/abstract "Evidence-b ased secondary journals.... Message-ID: Research article What do evidence-based secondary journals tell us about the publication of clinically important articles in primary healthcare journals? Kathleen Ann McKibbon , Nancy L. Wilczynski and Robert Brian Haynes BMC Medicine 2004, 2:33 doi:10.1186/1741-7015-2-33 Published 6 September 2004 Abstract (provisional) Background We conducted this analysis to determine i) which journals publish high-quality, clinically relevant studies in internal medicine, general/family practice, general practice nursing, and mental health; and ii) the proportion of clinically relevant articles in each journal. Methods We performed an analytic survey of a hand search of 170 general medicine, general healthcare, and specialty journals for 2000. Research staff assessed individual articles by using explicit criteria for scientific merit for healthcare application. Practitioners assessed the clinical importance of these articles. Outcome measures were the number of high-quality, clinically relevant studies published in the 170 journal titles and how many of these were published in each of four discipline-specific, secondary "evidence-based" journals (ACP Journal Club for internal medicine and its subspecialties; Evidence-Based Medicine for general/family practice; Evidence-Based Nursing for general practice nursing; and Evidence-Based Mental Health for all aspects of mental health). Original studies and review articles were classified for purpose: therapy and prevention, screening and diagnosis, prognosis, etiology and harm, economics and cost, clinical prediction guides, and qualitative studies. Results We evaluated 60,352 articles from 170 journal titles. The pass criteria of high-quality methods and clinically relevant material were met by 3059 original articles and 1073 review articles. For ACP Journal Club (internal medicine), four titles supplied 56.5% of the articles and 27 titles supplied the other 43.5%. For Evidence-Based Medicine (general/family practice), five titles supplied 50.7% of the articles and 40 titles supplied the remaining 49.3%. For Evidence-Based Nursing (general practice nursing), seven titles supplied 51.0% of the articles and 34 additional titles supplied 49.0%. For Evidence-Based Mental Health (mental health), nine titles supplied 53.2% of the articles and 34 additional titles supplied 46.8%. For the disciplines of internal medicine, general/family practice, and mental health (but not general practice nursing), the number of clinically important articles was correlated with Science Citation Index (SCI) Impact Factors. Conclusions Although many clinical journals publish high-quality, clinically relevant and important original studies and systematic reviews, the articles for each discipline studied were concentrated in a small subset of journals. This subset varied according to healthcare discipline; however, many of the important articles for all disciplines in this study were published in broad-based healthcare journals rather than subspecialty or discipline-specific journals. _____ ______________________________________________________________________ This email has been scanned by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information please visit http://www.messagelabs.com/email ______________________________________________________________________ -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From anouruzi at YAHOO.COM Fri Sep 24 04:35:03 2004 From: anouruzi at YAHOO.COM (AliReza NORUZI) Date: Fri, 24 Sep 2004 01:35:03 -0700 Subject: Webology: an international electronic journal Message-ID: Dear All, Webology, an international electronic journal, is a scholarly journal in English devoted to the various fields of Library and Information Science, Computer Science, and the World Wide Web. It serves as a forum for discussion and experimentation. Webology publishes scholarly articles, essays and reviews, and encourages the participation of academics and practitioners alike. The journal is available at: http://www.webology.ir/ The first issue of Webology contains the following papers: - A note on Webology: An International Electronic Journal -Introduction to Webology by AliReza Noruzi -Designing Webliographies in an effective and simple manner: a step by step process by Dariush Alimohammadi-Similarities and differences between Web search procedure and searching in the pre-web information retrieval systems by Yazdan Mansourian Best regards, A. Noruzi Department of Information Science University of Paul Cezanne, France noruzi at crrm.u-3mrs.fr --------------------------------- Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - 50x more storage than other providers! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From george at LIBRARY.CALTECH.EDU Fri Sep 24 11:24:18 2004 From: george at LIBRARY.CALTECH.EDU (George Porter) Date: Fri, 24 Sep 2004 08:24:18 -0700 Subject: Telemakus KnowledgeBase System Message-ID: The first research article in a new Open Access journal, Biomedical Digital Libraries , describes the Telemakus KnowledgeBase System. Telemakus incorporates innovations in the analysis and display across groups of research reports. The visual exploration interface of linked relationships is especially intriguing. A knowledgebase system to enhance scientific discovery: Telemakus Fuller SS, Revere D, Bugni PF, Martin GM Biomedical Digital Libraries 2004, 1:2 (21 September 2004) doi:10.1186/1742-5581-1-2 http://www.bio-diglib.com/content/1/1/2/abstract Biomedical Digital Libraries Fulltext v1+ (2004+) http://biomedcentral.com/1742-5581/ ISSN: 1742-5581 George S. Porter Sherman Fairchild Library of Engineering & Applied Science California Institute of Technology Mail Code 1-43, Pasadena, CA 91125-4300 Telephone (626) 395-3409 Fax (626) 431-2681 http://library.caltech.edu contributor http://stlq.info | http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/fosblog.html From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Sep 27 13:56:52 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 13:56:52 -0400 Subject: "A new technique for building maps of large scientific domains based on the cocitation of classes and categories" SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1): 129-145 2004 Message-ID: E-mail: felix at ugr.es Title: A new technique for building maps of large scientific domains based on the cocitation of classes and categories Author(s): Moya-Anegon F, Vargas-Quesada B, Herrero-Solana V, Chinchilla-Rodriguez Z, Corera-Alvarez E, Munoz-Fernandez FJ Source: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1): 129-145 2004 Document Type: Article Language: English Cited References: 61 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Our objective is the generation of schematic visualizations as interfaces for scientific domain analysis. We propose a new technique that uses thematic classification (classes and categories) as entities of cocitation and units of measure, and demonstrate the viability of this methodology through the representation and analysis of a domain of great dimensions. The main features of the maps obtained are discussed, and proposals are made for future improvements and applications. Addresses: Moya-Anegon F (reprint author), Univ Granada, Fac Lib & Informat Sci, Campus Cartuja, Granada, E-18071 Spain Univ Granada, Fac Lib & Informat Sci, Granada, E-18071 Spain E-mail Addresses: felix at ugr.es Publisher: KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS IDS Number: 844RQ ISSN: 0138-9130 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Sep 27 14:01:41 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 14:01:41 -0400 Subject: Moya-Anegon F, Vargas-Quesada B, Herrero-Solana V, et al "A new technique for building maps of large scientific domains based on the cocitation of classes and categories" SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1): 129-145 2004 Message-ID: E-mail: felix at ugr.es This paper contains an excellent review of the relevant literature of the past four decades. However, the maps included are difficult to read. Therefore readers should go to www.atlasofscience.net to see the Atlas of Spanish Science. Title: A new technique for building maps of large scientific domains based on the cocitation of classes and categories Author(s): Moya-Anegon F, Vargas-Quesada B, Herrero-Solana V, Chinchilla-Rodriguez Z, Corera-Alvarez E, Munoz-Fernandez FJ Source: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1): 129-145 2004 Document Type: Article Language: English Cited References: 61 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Our objective is the generation of schematic visualizations as interfaces for scientific domain analysis. We propose a new technique that uses thematic classification (classes and categories) as entities of cocitation and units of measure, and demonstrate the viability of this methodology through the representation and analysis of a domain of great dimensions. The main features of the maps obtained are discussed, and proposals are made for future improvements and applications. Addresses: Moya-Anegon F (reprint author), Univ Granada, Fac Lib & Informat Sci, Campus Cartuja, Granada, E-18071 Spain Univ Granada, Fac Lib & Informat Sci, Granada, E-18071 Spain E-mail Addresses: felix at ugr.es Publisher: KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS IDS Number: 844RQ ISSN: 0138-9130 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Sep 27 14:23:39 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 14:23:39 -0400 Subject: Liang, LM; Liu, JW; Rousseau, R. "Name order patterns of graduate candidates and supervisors in Chinese publications: A case study of three major Chinese universities " Scientometrics 61(1) p.3-18, 2004. Message-ID: Ronald Rousseau : ronald.rousseau at khbo.be TITLE: Name order patterns of graduate candidates and supervisors in Chinese publications: A case study of three major Chinese universities (Article, English) AUTHOR: Liang, LM; Liu, JW; Rousseau, R SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.3-18 KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, DORDRECHT SEARCH TERM(S): CRONIN B rauth; GARFIELD E rauth; ZUCKERMAN H rauth; SCIENTOMETR* rwork ABSTRACT: Studying three Chinese major universities of different type, this article attempts to validate earlier results related to authors' name order in papers co-authored by graduate candidates and their supervisors. Candidates for the doctoral degree as well as the master's degree are considered. Defining the g-ratio as the fraction of co-authored publications where the graduate student's name precedes that of the supervisor's we obtain the following results. 1) Generally, master's level g-ratios are smaller than the corresponding doctoral level g-ratios. 2) The three doctoral g- ratio time series have a common characteristic: they tend to a limiting target value of somewhat more than 80%. The master's time series of the three universities extend themselves in parallel with the doctoral time series. 3) The g-ratio of collaborative papers related to the dissertation is higher than the g-ratio of collaborative papers not related to the dissertation. This is true on the doctoral level as well as on the master's level. 4) Different disciplines have different g- ratios, representing disciplinary customs in graduate candidate- supervisor collaboration, the highest g-ratio in the doctoral case occurring in biology (except for Tsinghua University that does not offer courses in biology). 5) There exist only small differences between the g- ratios of different kinds of universities. 6) In recent years, the same candidate-supervisor collaboration patterns exist in international publications as in domestic ones. The fact that the doctoral g-ratios of all three universities are as high as 80% reflects a universal regularity in the structure of scientific collaboration between doctoral candidates and their supervisors in China. AUTHOR ADDRESS: R Rousseau, KHBO, Dept Ind Sci & Technol, Zeedijk 101, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Sep 27 14:33:05 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 14:33:05 -0400 Subject: Bornmann, L; Enders, J. "Social origin and gender of doctoral degree holders .....achieving the doctoral degree in Germany (Article, English)" SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.19-41 Message-ID: Lutz BORNMANN : bornmann at gess.ethz.ch TITLE: Social origin and gender of doctoral degree holders - Impact of particularistic attributes in access to and in later career attainment after achieving the doctoral degree in Germany (Article, English) AUTHOR: Bornmann, L; Enders, J SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.19-41 KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, DORDRECHT ABSTRACT: Within the scope of this article we went further into the question to what extent particularistic attributes - social origin and gender - can affect selection processes (1) in access to and (2) in later career attainment after achieving the doctoral degree. The analyses are based on a questionnaire survey (n = 2 244) among doctoral degree holders achieving the doctoral degree in six selected disciplines (biology, electrical engineering, German studies, mathematics, social sciences, and business studies/economics) at German universities. In terms of our first object of investigation, the analyses show that in four out of six disciplines doctoral degree holders are a selected group compared to university graduates with regard to both social origin and gender. In terms of our second object of investigation - the impact of particularistic attributes on several indicators of further career attainment after achieving the doctoral degree (career inside or outside higher education and science, career position and income) - the results point to a stronger impact of gender compared to social origin. AUTHOR ADDRESS: L Bornmann, ETH, Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich, Zahringerstr 24, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland IDS: 844RQ 00002) ISSN: 0138-9130 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Sep 27 14:39:12 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 14:39:12 -0400 Subject: Chiu, WT; Huang, JS; Ho, YS "Bibliometric analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related research in the beginning stage" Scientometrics 61(1):69-77, 2004. Message-ID: E-mail: Yuh-Shan Ho - ysho at tmu.edu.tw TITLE: Bibliometric analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related research in the beginning stage (Article, English) AUTHOR: Chiu, Wen-Ta; Huang, Jing-Shan; Ho, Yuh-Shan SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.69-77 KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, DORDRECHT ABSTRACT: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) has become the major of health issues since its outbreak early 2003. No analyses by bibliometric technique that have examined this topic exist in the literature. The objective of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of all SARS-related publications in Science Citation Index (SCI) in the early stage. A systematic search was performed using the SCI for publications since SARS outbreak early 2003. Selected documents included 'severe acute respiratory syndrome' or 'SARS' as a part of its title, abstract, or keyword from the beginning stage of SARS outbreak, March till July 8, 2003. Analysis parameters included authorship, patterns of international collaboration, journals, language, document type, research institutional address, times cited, and reprint address. Citation analysis was mainly based on impact factor as defined by Journal Citation Reports (JCR) issued in 2002 and on the actual citation impact (ACI), which has been used to assess the impact relative to the whole field and has been defined as the ratio between individual citation per publication value and the total citation per publication value. Thirty-two percent of total share was published as news features, 25% as editorial materials, 22% as articles, 13% as letters, and the remaining being biographic items, corrections, meeting abstracts, and reprints. The US dominated the production by 30% of the total share followed closely by Hong Kong with 24%. Sixty-three percent of publication was published by the mainstream countries. The SARS publication pattern in the past few months suggests immediate citation, low collaboration rate, and English and mainstream country domination in production. We observed no associations of research indexes with the number of cases. AUTHOR ADDRESS: YS Ho, Taipei Med Univ, Wan Fang Hosp, Bibliometr Ctr, 111 Hsing Long Rd Sec 3, Taipei 116, Taiwan (IDS: 844RQ 00005) ISSN: 0138-9130 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Sep 27 14:44:10 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 14:44:10 -0400 Subject: Alfaraz, PH; Calvino, AM. "Bibliometric study on food science and technology: Scientific production in Iberian-American countries (1991-2000)" SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.89-102 Message-ID: Amalia Mirta Calvino : acalvino at ffyb.uba.ar TITLE: Bibliometric study on food science and technology: Scientific production in Iberian-American countries (1991-2000) AUTHOR: Alfaraz, PH; Calvino, Amalia Mirta SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.89-102 KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, DORDRECHT ABSTRACT: This study presents a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production in the food science and technology (EST) field for the period 1991-2000, in Iberian-America (IA). Eight selected IA countries contributed 97.6% of the IA production and accounted for a 6.6% of the world production. The most frequent document type is journal article published in English. Retrieved records display characteristical authorship patterns and preferred subject areas. Spain, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina and Portugal determine the IA pattern of sources of publication. The fifty top ranked journals, 80% of which were indexed by the SCIE, encompass two-thirds of the IA production. AUTHOR ADDRESS: AM Calvino, Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Farm & Bioquim, Junin 956,7mo P, RA-1113 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina (IDS: 844RQ 00007) ISSN: 0138-9130 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Sep 27 14:48:00 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 14:48:00 -0400 Subject: Egghe, L. "The source-item coverage of the Lotka function " SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.103-115 Message-ID: Leo Egghe : leo.egghe at luc.ac.be TITLE: The source-item coverage of the Lotka function (Article, English) AUTHOR: Egghe, L SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.103-115 KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, DORDRECHT ABSTRACT: The following problem has never been studied : Given A, the total number of items (e.g. articles) and T, the total number of sources (e.g. journals that contain these articles) (hence A>T), when is there a Lotka function f(j) = D/j(alpha) that represents this situation (i.e. where to) denotes the density of the sources in the item-density j)? And, if it exists, what are the formulae for D and alpha? This problem is solved in both cases with j is an element of [1, rho]: where (a) rho = infinity and where (b) rho < &INFIN; . Note that p = the maximum density of the items. If ρ = &INFIN;, then A and T determine uniquely D and α. If ρ < infinity, then we have, for every alpha less than or equal to 2, a solution for D and rho, hence for f. If rho < &INFIN; and α > 2 then we show that a solution exists if and only if mu = A/T < α-1/α-2. This sheds some light on the source-item coverage power of Lotka's law. AUTHOR ADDRESS: L Egghe, Limburgs Univ Ctr, Univ Campus, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium (IDS: 844RQ 00008) ISSN: 0138-9130 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Sep 27 14:50:48 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 14:50:48 -0400 Subject: Wray, KB "An examination of the contributions of young scientists in new fields" SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.117-128 Message-ID: K.Brad Wray : kwray at oswego.edu TITLE: An examination of the contributions of young scientists in new fields (Article, English) AUTHOR: Wray, KB SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.117-128 KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, DORDRECHT ABSTRACT: I examine whether or not new scientific specialties present young scientists with better opportunities to make significant discoveries than established specialties by examining a series of significant discoveries in the first 22 years of the field of bacteriology. I found that it was middle aged scientists, not young scientists, who were responsible for a disproportionate number of significant discoveries. I argue that in order to make significant discoveries scientists need to work their way into the center of the social network of a scientific research community. Only then will they have access to the material and social resources necessary to make such discoveries. AUTHOR ADDRESS: KB Wray, SUNY Coll Oswego, Dept Philosophy, 128 Piez Hall, Oswego, NY 13126 USA (IDS: 844RQ 00009) ISSN: 0138-9130 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Sep 27 15:53:09 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 15:53:09 -0400 Subject: Tiefenthaler, W; Hohlrieder, M; Hauffe, H; Heidegger, T; Benzer, A "Proposal for a different ranking of anaesthesia journals " ANAESTHESIA, 59 (8): 831-832 AUG 2004 Message-ID: E-mail Address: arnulf.benzer at uibk.ac.at Author: Tiefenthaler, W; Hohlrieder, M; Hauffe, H; Heidegger, T; Benzer, A Title : Proposal for a different ranking of anaesthesia journals Source: ANAESTHESIA, 59 (8): 831-832 AUG 2004 Language: English Document Type: Letter Keywords Plus: IMPACT FACTOR Addresses: Med Univ Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria Reprint Address: Tiefenthaler, W, Med Univ Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. E-mail Address: arnulf.benzer at uibk.ac.at Cited References: FIGUEREDO E, 2003, ACTA ANAESTH SCAND, V47, P378. FRANK E, 1994, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V272, P163. GARFIELD E, 1999, CAN MED ASSOC J, V161, P979. HECHT F, 1998, CANCER GENET CYTOGEN, V104, P77. Cited Reference Count: 4 Times Cited: 0 Publisher: BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD Publisher Address: 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND ISSN: 0003-2409 29-char Source Abbrev.: ANAESTHESIA ISO Source Abbrev.: Anaesthesia FULL TEXT OF LETTER __________________________________________________________________ Proposal for a different ranking of anaesthesia journals ANAESTHESIA, 59 (8): 831-832 AUG 2004 Bibliometric methods and particularly the impact factor (IF) [1] are the criteria according to which scientific journals are ranked in the Journal Citation Report (JCR) of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI; Philadelphia, USA). Whereas the impact of the ?impact factor? in the United States is unclear, the ?impact factor? has been thought to make a considerable impact in Western Europe [2]. In addition to the bibliometric ranking of a journal according to its IF, the JCR also classes the various journals in one or more categories. A survey of the academic staff of our department recently showed that almost all colleagues named Anesthesiology , Anaesthesia, Anesthesia & Analgesia and British Journal of Anaesthesia as the top journals in the category ?Anesthesiology?, although Pain has occupied first place since the year 2000. This discrepancy is also evident, even if only subconsciously, from current bibliometric studies in anaesthesia [3], when anaesthesiologist authors view pain journals as not ?real? anaesthesia journals, excluding them from analysis, even though the ISI puts them in that category. Needless to say, the impact factor has been the subject of constant criticism [2] since its introduction in the early 1960s [1], although it retains its position as the most important bibliometric parameter. The aim of our investigation was to attempt to devise a ranking method that would conform to bibliometric criteria as well as the subjective opinion of the professional reader and author. A search was run on PubMed to determine the specification of the first author of all original papers (limit item of PubMed: ?articles with abstract?), published in 2002 in ten top journals listed in the category ?Anesthesiology? of the ISI's JCR 2002; in a second run the IF published in the JCR 2002 was multiplied by the percentage of first authors from a Department of Anaesthesiology in the journals in order to obtain a modified ranking (See Table 1). The phrases used to describe a journal in everyday life, such as ?premier journal? and ?top journal? usually refer, on one hand, to a journal with a high impact factor and, on the other hand, to the category-specific ranking of a journal independent of its impact factor. For a journal to lose its top position is not without importance for authors (such as academic career progression, funding by sponsors). For authors it is a journal's prestige that induces them to submit a scientific paper [4], while for readers it is a journal's top rank that indicates the quality of its content. This can, however, be misleading for authors and readers when the top-ranking journal in a category does not have a large enough percentage of category-specific (first) authors. By including the percentage of category-specific first authors in the journal citation a new ranking is created that reflects both bibliometric calculation and reader / author assessment and which is also confirmed by the fact that this modified ranking corresponds to the JCR ranking of anaesthesia journals which was in use until 1995. W. Tiefenthaler, M. Hohlrieder, H. Hauffe Th. Heidegger A. Benzer Medical University of Innsbruck, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Email: arnulf.benzer @uibk.ac.at References 1 Garfield E. Journal impact factor: a brief review. CMAJ 1999; 161: 979-80. 2 Hecht F, Hecht BK, Sandberg AA. The journal ?impact factor?: a misnamed, misleading, misused measure. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1998; 104: 77-81. 3 Figueredo E, Sanchez Perales G, Munoz Blanco F. International publishing in anaesthesia - how do different countries contribute? Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2003; 47: 378-82. 4 Frank E. Authors' criteria for selecting journals. JAMA 1994; 272: 163-64. __________________________________________________________________________ Legend Table 1 Exisiting ranking and new ranking of the top ten ?Anesthesiology? journals. IF = impact factor JCR ranking 2002 Modified ranking (IF x % Anesthesiology) IF % Anes. Pain 4.83 13.5% Anesthesiology 2.88 Anesthesiology 3.47 83.1% Anesth Analg 2.15 Anaesthesia 2.57 80.9% Anaesthesia 2.08 Anesth Analg 2.33 92.1% Brit J Anaesth 1.78 Brit J Anaesth 2.10 84.9% Acta Anaesth Scand 1.27 Clin J Pain 1.94 27.0% Eur J Anaesthesio 1.00 Acta Anaesth 1.51 84.4% Region Anesth Pain 0.95 Scand Eur J Pain 1.27 15.1% Pain 0.65 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Sep 27 17:39:05 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 17:39:05 -0400 Subject: Perneger TV "Relation between online "hit counts" and subsequent citations: prospective study of research papers in the BMJ " BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 329 (7465): 546-547 SEP 4 2004 Message-ID: T.V. Perneger : thomas.perneger at hcuge.ch Full text available at : http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/329/7465/546 Title: Relation between online "hit counts" and subsequent citations: prospective study of research papers in the BMJ Author(s): Perneger TV Source: BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 329 (7465): 546-547 SEP 4 2004 Document Type: Article Language: English Cited References: 4 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: Perneger TV (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Inst Social & Prevent Med, Geneva, CH-1211 Switzerland Univ Geneva, Inst Social & Prevent Med, Geneva, CH-1211 Switzerland E-mail Addresses: thomas.perneger at hcuge.ch Publisher: B M J PUBLISHING GROUP, BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND Subject Category: MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL IDS Number: 853DE ISSN: 0959-535X ADAM DNATURE2002415726 LEE KPJAMA-J AM MED ASSOC20022872805 SEGLEN POBRIT MED J1997314498 WALTER GMED J AUSTRALIA2003178280 From bernies at UILLINOIS.EDU Mon Sep 27 21:21:04 2004 From: bernies at UILLINOIS.EDU (Sloan, Bernie) Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 20:21:04 -0500 Subject: Do Open-Access Articles Have a Greater Research Impact? Message-ID: Some of you may be interested in an article in the new issue of College and Research Libraries: Antelman, Kristen. Do Open-Access Articles Have a Greater Research Impact? College and Research Libraries, 65(5), 372-382. September 2004. Abstract: Although many authors believe that their work has a greater research impact if it is freely available, studies to demonstrate that impact are few. This study looks at articles in four disciplines at varying stages of adoption of open access-philosophy, political science, electrical and electronic engineering and mathematics-to see whether they have a greater impact as measured by citations in the ISI Web of Science database when their authors make them freely available on the Internet. The finding is that, across all four disciplines, freely available articles do have a greater research impact. Shedding light on this category of open access reveals that scholars in diverse disciplines are adopting open-access practices and being rewarded for it. Bernie Sloan Senior Library Information Systems Consultant, ILCSO University of Illinois Office for Planning and Budgeting 616 E. Green Street, Suite 213 Champaign, IL 61820 Phone: (217) 333-4895 Fax: (217) 265-0454 E-mail: bernies at uillinois.edu From harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK Tue Sep 28 00:15:40 2004 From: harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK (Stevan Harnad) Date: Tue, 28 Sep 2004 05:15:40 +0100 Subject: Do Open-Access Articles Have a Greater Research Impact? In-Reply-To: Message-ID: On Tue, 28 Sep 2004, Sloan, Bernie wrote: > Antelman, Kristen. Do Open-Access Articles Have a Greater Research > Impact? College and Research Libraries, 65(5), 372-382. September 2004. > > The finding is that, across all four disciplines [philosophy, political science, > electrical and electronic engineering and mathematics], freely available > articles do have a greater research impact... scholars in diverse disciplines > are adopting open-access practices and being rewarded for it. For further evidence, see Steve Hitchcock's bibliography at: http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html For further data on the OA impact advantage, see: Brody, T. & Harnad, S. (2004, in prep.) Earlier Web Usage Statistics as Predictors of Later Citation Impact. http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/timcorr.doc Harnad, S. & Brody, T. (2004) Comparing the Impact of Open Access (OA) vs. Non-OA Articles in the Same Journals, D-Lib Magazine 10 (6) June http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june04/harnad/06harnad.html Harnad, S. and Brody, T. (2004) Prior evidence that downloads predict citations BMJ Rapid Responses, 6 September 2004 http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/eletters/329/7465/546#73000 Harnad, S., Brody, T., Vallieres, F., Carr, L., Hitchcock, S., Gingras, Y, Oppenheim, C., Stamerjohanns, H., & Hilf, E. (2004) The Access/Impact Problem and the Green and Gold Roads to Open Access. Serials Review 30. http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/impact.html Shorter version: The green and the gold roads to Open Access. Nature Web Focus. http://www.nature.com/nature/focus/accessdebate/21.html Harnad, S., Carr, L., Brody, T. & Oppenheim, C. (2003) Mandated online RAE CVs Linked to University Eprint Archives: Improving the UK Research Assessment Exercise whilst making it cheaper and easier. Ariadne 35 (April 2003). http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue35/harnad/ Hitchcock, S., Woukeu, A., Brody, T., Carr, L., Hall, W., and Harnad, S. (2003) Evaluating Citebase, an open access Web-based citation-ranked search and impact discovery service. http://opcit.eprints.org/evaluation/Citebase-evaluation/evaluation-report.html Kurtz, Michael J.; Eichhorn, Guenther; Accomazzi, Alberto; Grant, Carolyn S.; Demleitner, Markus; Murray, Stephen S.; Martimbeau, Nathalie; Elwell, Barbara. (2004a) Worldwide Use and Impact of the NASA Astrophysics Data System Digital Library. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 55. http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~kurtz/jasist1.pdfhttp://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~kurtz/jasist1.pdf Kurtz, Michael J.; Eichhorn, Guenther; Accomazzi, Alberto; Grant, Carolyn S.; Demleitner, Markus; Murray, Stephen S.; Martimbeau, Nathalie ; Elwell, Barbara (2004b) The Bibliometric Properties of Article Readership Information. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 55. http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~kurtz/jasist2.pdf Lawrence, S. (2001) Online or Invisible? Nature 411 (6837): 521. http://www.neci.nec.com/~lawrence/papers/online-nature01/ Odlyzko, A.M. (2002) The rapid evolution of scholarly communication." Learned Publishing 15: 7-19 http://www.catchword.com/alpsp/09531513/v15n1/contp1-1.htm Perneger, T.V. (2004) Relation between online "hit counts" and subsequent citations: prospective study of research papers in the BMJ. BMJ 2004;329:546-547 (4 September), doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7465.546 http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/329/7465/546 Smith, A. & Eysenck, M. (2002) The correlation between RAE ratings and citation counts in psychology. Technical Report, Psychology, University of London, Royal Holloway. http://psyserver.pc.rhbnc.ac.uk/citations.pdf Swan, A. & Brown, S.N. (2004a) JISC/OSI Journal Authors Survey Report. http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/JISCOAreport1.pdf http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Hypermail/Amsci/3628.html Swan, A. & Brown, S.N. (2004b) Authors and open access publishing. Learned Publishing 2004:17(3) 219-224. http://www.ingentaselect.com/rpsv/cw/alpsp/09531513/v17n3/s7/ From harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK Tue Sep 28 00:21:08 2004 From: harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK (Stevan Harnad) Date: Tue, 28 Sep 2004 05:21:08 +0100 Subject: Perneger TV "Relation between online "hit counts" and subsequent citations: prospective study of research papers in the BMJ " BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 329 (7465): 546-547 SEP 4 2004 In-Reply-To: Message-ID: See also: Harnad, S. and Brody, T. (2004) Prior evidence that downloads predict citations BMJ Rapid Responses, 6 September 2004 http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/eletters/329/7465/546#73000 On Mon, 27 Sep 2004, Eugene Garfield wrote: > T.V. Perneger : thomas.perneger at hcuge.ch > > Full text available at : > http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/329/7465/546 > > > Title: Relation between online "hit counts" and subsequent citations: > prospective study of research papers in the BMJ > Author(s): Perneger TV > Source: BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 329 (7465): 546-547 SEP 4 2004 > Document Type: Article > Language: English > > Cited References: 4 Times Cited: 0 > > Addresses: Perneger TV (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Inst Social & Prevent > Med, Geneva, CH-1211 Switzerland > Univ Geneva, Inst Social & Prevent Med, Geneva, CH-1211 Switzerland > > E-mail Addresses: thomas.perneger at hcuge.ch > > Publisher: B M J PUBLISHING GROUP, BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK > SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND > > Subject Category: MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL > IDS Number: 853DE > > ISSN: 0959-535X > > ADAM DNATURE2002415726 > LEE KPJAMA-J AM MED ASSOC20022872805 > SEGLEN POBRIT MED J1997314498 > WALTER GMED J AUSTRALIA2003178280 > From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Sep 29 12:09:32 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 29 Sep 2004 12:09:32 -0400 Subject: "The source-item coverage of the Lotka function " by Leo Egghe. SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.103-115 Message-ID: The author, Leo Egghe, has kindly provided a more descriptive (nonmathematical)abstract of his paper "The source-item coverage of the Lotka function" (SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.103-115). The abstract, which was inadvertently omitted in the previous posting of the paper, follows. "The source-item coverage of the Lotka function" L. Egghe The law of Lotka is a decreasing power function describing the production of sources (e.g. journals, authors, ...), i.e. the items (e.g. articles, publications, ...) in the sources. Given a concrete situation of a total number of sources T and a total number of items in these sources A, the problem is to determine the types of power functions that describe this situation, i.e. that yield T and A as defined above. The paper presents necessary and sufficient conditions for this problem both in the case of finite or infinite item densities. A crucial role is played (as always) by the exponent of the power function, in the paper denoted by alpha. As ever, a turning point is alpha = 2. So the paper completely describes the limitations of the parameter values in Lotka's law, given an informetric production process (hence given A and T). ______________________________________________ Leo Egghe : leo.egghe at luc.ac.be TITLE: The source-item coverage of the Lotka function (Article, English) AUTHOR: Egghe, L SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (1). 2004. p.103-115 KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, DORDRECHT ABSTRACT: The following problem has never been studied : Given A, the total number of items (e.g. articles) and T, the total number of sources (e.g. journals that contain these articles) (hence A>T), when is there a Lotka function f(j) = D/j(alpha) that represents this situation (i.e. where to) denotes the density of the sources in the item-density j)? And, if it exists, what are the formulae for D and alpha? This problem is solved in both cases with j is an element of [1, rho]: where (a) rho = infinity and where (b) rho < &INFIN; . Note that p = the maximum density of the items. If ρ = &INFIN;, then A and T determine uniquely D and α. If ρ < infinity, then we have, for every alpha less than or equal to 2, a solution for D and rho, hence for f. If rho < &INFIN; and α > 2 then we show that a solution exists if and only if mu = A/T < α-1/α-2. This sheds some light on the source-item coverage power of Lotka's law. AUTHOR ADDRESS: L Egghe, Limburgs Univ Ctr, Univ Campus, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium (IDS: 844RQ 00008) ISSN: 0138-9130 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Sep 29 15:02:25 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 29 Sep 2004 15:02:25 -0400 Subject: Palacios-Huerta, I; Volij, O "The measurement of intellectual influence" ECONOMETRICA, 72 (3): 963-977 MAY 2004 Message-ID: Ignacio Palacios-Huerta : ipalacios at brown.edu website : http://www.econ.brown.edu/~iph/ Oscar Volij : oscar at volij.co.il website : http://volij.co.il FULL TEXT OF THIS ARTICLE IS AVAILABLE AT : http://www.econ.brown.edu/~iph/pdf/Intellectualinfluence.pdf ____________________________________________________________ Author(s): Palacios-Huerta, I; Volij, O Title: The measurement of intellectual influence Source: ECONOMETRICA, 72 (3): 963-977 MAY 2004 Language: English Document Type: Article Abstract: This paper examines the problem of measuring intellectual influence based on data on citations between scholarly publications. We follow an axiomatic approach and find that the properties of invariance to reference intensity, weak homogeneity, weak consistency, and invariance to splitting of journals characterize a unique ranking method. This method is different from those regularly used in economics and other social sciences. ADDITIONAL SUMMARY PROVIDED BY AUTHORS: We examine the problem of measuring influence based on the information contained in the data on communications between scholarly publications. The measurement of influence is useful to address several empirical questions such as reputation, prestige, aspects of the diffusion of knowledge, the markets for scientists and scientific publications, the dynamics of innovation, ranking algorithms of search engines in the World Wide Web, and others. In this paper we ask why any given methodology is reasonable and informative applying the axiomatic method. We find that a unique ranking method can be characterized by means of four axioms: invariance to citation intensity, weak homogeneity, weak consistency, and invariance to splitting of journals. This method is different from those regularly used in social and natural sciences, arts and humanities, and it is at the core of the method used by Google to rank web sites. Addresses: Brown Univ, Dept Econ, Providence, RI 02912 USA; Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA Reprint Address: Palacios-Huerta, I, Brown Univ, Dept Econ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. E-mail Address: ipalacios at brown.edu; oscar at volij.co.il Cited References: AMIR R, 2002, 200274 CORE U CATH L. BUSH WC, 1974, REV ECON STAT, V56, P123. ELLISON G, 2002, J POLIT ECON, V110, P947. GARFIELD E, 1972, SCIENCE, V178, P471. LABAND DN, 1994, J ECON LIT, V32, P640. LABAND DN, 1994, J POLIT ECON, V102, P194. LABAND DN, 2000, J POLIT ECON, V108, P632. LIEBOWITZ SJ, 1984, J ECON LIT, V22, P77. MINC H, 1988, NONNEGATIVE MATRICES. PAGE L, 1998, PAGE RANK CITATION R. PINSKI G, 1976, INFORMATION PROCESSI, V12, P297. POSNER RA, 2000, AM L EC REV, V2, P381. SAUER RD, 1988, J POLIT ECON, V96, P855. STIGLER GJ, 1995, J POLIT ECON, V103, P331. TUCKMAN HP, 1975, J POLITICAL EC, V83, P951. Cited Reference Count: 15 Times Cited: 0 Publisher: BLACKWELL PUBL LTD Publisher Address: 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD OX4 1JF, OXON, ENGLAND ISSN: 0012-9682 ISO Source Abbrev.: Econometrica Source Item Page Count: 15 ISI Document Delivery No.: 816MO From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Sep 29 16:31:06 2004 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 29 Sep 2004 16:31:06 -0400 Subject: Amir R. "Impact-Adjusted Citations as a Measure of Journal Quality" CORE Discussion Paper 2002/74, Universite Catholique de Louvain. Also see Item 001821 Sig-Metrics Archives Message-ID: Also see : Item #001821 in the SIG-Metrics list arichives In the paper by Palacios-Huerta, I; Volij, O "The measurement of intellectual influence" ECONOMETRICA, 72 (3): 963-977 MAY 2004, (Item #001821 in the SIG-Metrics list arichives) the authors state "To the best of our knowledge, Amir (2002) is the only attempt at investigating the properties of ranking methods." Full text of the paper by R. Amir cited in the paper by Palacios-Huerta and Volij is available at : http://www.core.ucl.ac.be/services/psfiles/dp02/dp2002-74.pdf Author : AMIR, R Title : Impact-Adjusted Citations as a Measure of Journal Quality Source : CORE Discussion Paper 2002/74, Universite Catholique de Louvain. From anouruzi at YAHOO.COM Fri Sep 24 04:35:03 2004 From: anouruzi at YAHOO.COM (AliReza NORUZI) Date: Fri, 24 Sep 2004 01:35:03 -0700 Subject: [Eurchap] Webology: an international electronic journal Message-ID: Dear All, Webology, an international electronic journal, is a scholarly journal in English devoted to the various fields of Library and Information Science, Computer Science, and the World Wide Web. It serves as a forum for discussion and experimentation. Webology publishes scholarly articles, essays and reviews, and encourages the participation of academics and practitioners alike. The journal is available at: http://www.webology.ir/ The first issue of Webology contains the following papers: - A note on Webology: An International Electronic Journal -Introduction to Webology by AliReza Noruzi -Designing Webliographies in an effective and simple manner: a step by step process by Dariush Alimohammadi-Similarities and differences between Web search procedure and searching in the pre-web information retrieval systems by Yazdan Mansourian Best regards, A. Noruzi Department of Information Science University of Paul Cezanne, France noruzi at crrm.u-3mrs.fr --------------------------------- Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - 50x more storage than other providers! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Eurchap mailing list Eurchap at asis.org http://mail.asis.org/mailman/listinfo/eurchap From bernies at UILLINOIS.EDU Thu Sep 30 11:14:34 2004 From: bernies at UILLINOIS.EDU (Sloan, Bernie) Date: Thu, 30 Sep 2004 10:14:34 -0500 Subject: Do Open-Access Articles Have a Greater Research Impact? Message-ID: It's been pointed out to me that this article on open access and research impact is, in fact, available via open access through E-LIS [E-prints in Library and Information Science]: http://eprints.rclis.org/archive/00002309/01/do_open_access_CRL.pdf Bernie Sloan -----Original Message----- From: Sloan, Bernie Sent: Monday, September 27, 2004 8:21 PM To: 'ASIS&T Special Interest Group on Metrics' Subject: Do Open-Access Articles Have a Greater Research Impact? Some of you may be interested in an article in the new issue of College and Research Libraries: Antelman, Kristen. Do Open-Access Articles Have a Greater Research Impact? College and Research Libraries, 65(5), 372-382. September 2004. Abstract: Although many authors believe that their work has a greater research impact if it is freely available, studies to demonstrate that impact are few. This study looks at articles in four disciplines at varying stages of adoption of open access-philosophy, political science, electrical and electronic engineering and mathematics-to see whether they have a greater impact as measured by citations in the ISI Web of Science database when their authors make them freely available on the Internet. The finding is that, across all four disciplines, freely available articles do have a greater research impact. Shedding light on this category of open access reveals that scholars in diverse disciplines are adopting open-access practices and being rewarded for it. Bernie Sloan Senior Library Information Systems Consultant, ILCSO University of Illinois Office for Planning and Budgeting 616 E. Green Street, Suite 213 Champaign, IL 61820 Phone: (217) 333-4895 Fax: (217) 265-0454 E-mail: bernies at uillinois.edu