Papers in Scientometrics 61(3):285-299 2004
Eugene Garfield
garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU
Wed Dec 22 15:09:35 EST 2004
Scientometrics Vol:61 #3, 2004 has several articles of interest to members
of the SIG-Metrics list. I have posted them below.
TITLE: Information management or knowledge management? An
informetric view of the dynamics of Academia (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Gu, Y
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.285-299 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: This study analyzes the similarities and differences of
performance of information management (IM) and knowledge management (KM)
research publication indexed by the SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI and A&HCI
databases since 1994 with informetric methods in order to explore a
developing tendency in the near future. The bibliographic search supplied
1199 IM and 1063 KM records. A very few of IM and KM authors contributed
two or more articles. Four countries dominated global IM and KM research
productivity, while a few institutions played remarkable roles in
scholarly activity. IM journals distributed widespread and 84 per cent
just published one or two articles; KM publications were rather
concentrated to core and borderline periodicals, fitting Bradford's law
of scattering and. The result of Pearson's correlation coefficients
analysis indicates that the higher the journal impact factor, the more
times the published article is cited. The author concludes that KM has
been leading IM in both publication productivity and academic population
and the tendency is overwhelmingly growing.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: Y Gu, Tsing Hua Univ, E 4-2-402, Beijing 100084, Peoples R
China
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TITLE: Reconsidering Price's model of scientific growth: An
overview (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Fernandez-Cano, A; Torralbo, M; Vallejo, M
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.301-321 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: This paper presents an overview of the general model of
scientific growth proposed by D. J. de Solla Price. Firstly, the
formulation of the model is examined using the seminal sources. Later,
forerunners, offshoots and criticisms to the model are discussed.
Finally, an integrative review using retrieved empirical studies exposes
the complexity and diversity of models of scientific growth and the
absence of consistent patterns.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: A Fernandez-Cano, Univ Granada, Fac Educ, Dpt Metodos
Invest Educ, Campus Cartuja, E-18071 Granada, Spain
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TITLE: A comparative study of patenting activity in US and
Brazilian scientific institutions (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Pinheiro-Machado, R; Oliveira, PL
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.323-338 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: Patents generated from scientific research indicate
academic involvement in technology development. Academic patenting
activity is recent, even in developed countries. This study compares
patenting activity of Brazilian and American universities. Brazilian
universities had 29.5-fold increase in applications and 4.01-fold in
grants (1990-2001), about twice the increase presented by American
universities in this period. However, a significant fraction of Brazilian
academic applications are abandoned due to the lack of specialized staff
to help in writing and to shepherd the application through the patenting
process in universities. The participation of research institutes in
technological innovation is increasing steadily, even without financial
incentives.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: R Pinheiro-Machado, INPI, Directoria Patentes, Div Quim
Organ & Biotechnol, Ctr Rio de Janeiro, BR-20081240 Rio De
Janeiro, Brazil
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TITLE: A comparative study of research performance in computer
science (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Guan, JC; Ma, N
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.339-359 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: The paper compares the research performance in computer
science of four major Western countries, India and China, based on the
data abstracted from INSPEC database during the period 1993-2002. A total
of 9,632 computer science papers recorded in INSPEC database were used
for the comparison. The findings indicate that, on the one hand, the
number of papers produced in China has considerably increased in the past
few years. Particularly, in recent years, China occupies a remarkable
high position in terms of counts of papers indexed by the INSPEC
database. On the other hand, Chinese scientists preferred to publish in
domestic journals and proceedings and shares of SCI-papers to the total
journal papers for China have still remained the lowest. This indicates
that the research activities of Chinese scientists in computer science
are still rather "local" and suffer from a low international visibility.
Various scientometric indicators, such as Normalized Impact Factor, ratio
of papers in high quality journals are further adopted to analyze
research performance and diverse finding are obtained. Nevertheless, for
these surrogate indicators, China has optimistically achieved great
progress, characterized with "low level of beginning and high speed of
developing". The policy implication of the findings lies in that China,
as well as other less developed countries in science, can earn relative
competitive advantages in some new emerging or younger disciplines such
as computer science by properly using catch-up strategy.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: JC Guan, Beijing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Sch Management,
Beijing 100083, Peoples R China
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TITLE: Mapping inventive activity and technological change
through patent analysis: A case study of India and China
(Article,
English)
AUTHOR: Bhattacharya, S
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.361-381 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: The characteristics of Indian and Chinese patenting
activity in the US patent system are examined by delineating two
categories of patents; 'nationally assigned', and 'invented not
nationally assigned' patents (not-nationally assigned patents in short).
Further within the above two categories, patents are distinguished and
analysed in terms of patent types: utility, design, and plant patents.
Indian patents are mainly of utility type whereas China's activity falls
in both utility and design. In the `nationally assigned' patents, the
different types of institutions involved and linkages are much higher for
China. However, 'not-nationally assigned' patents of both the countries
are dominated by industry and inter-institutional collaborations are
sparse. Patents addressing technology sectors (analysis based on utility
patents) do not exhibit major differences between the two categories in
Chinese patents and address with varying degree all technology sectors.
Unlike China, India's `nationally assigned' patents are concentrated in
chemical and drugs & medical whereas their 'not-nationally assigned'
patents are similar to that of China in addressing technology sectors.
In design patents, Chinese `nationally assigned' patents mainly cover
ornamental design of lighting equipments whereas their 'not-nationally
assigned' patents are mainly in design equipment for production,
distribution or transformation of energy. Further, few firms are active
in design patents in both the categories. India's design activity is
insignificant in both the categories. The paper concludes by examining
the results in the policy context.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: S Bhattacharya, Natl Inst Sci Technol & Dev Studies, Pusa
Gate,KS Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
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TITLE: Identifying core documents with a multiple evidence
relevance filter (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Christoffersen, M
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.385-394 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: A method to identify core documents within a given
subject domain has been developed by the author. The method builds on the
concept of polyrepresentation by using different search rationales in
several databases and isolating the overlaps between them. This paper
delineates the ideas behind the method and describes the study done to
measure its effectiveness.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: M Christoffersen, DACEHTA, Natl Board Hlth, Isl Brygge 67,
DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
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TITLE: Does co-authorship inflate the share of self-citations?
(Article, English)
AUTHOR: Glanzel, W; Thijs, B
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.395-404 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: In recent papers, the authors have studied basic
regularities of author self-citations. The regularities are related to
the ageing, to the relation between self-citations and foreign citations
and to the interdependence of self-citations with other bibliometric
indicators. The effect of multi-authorship on citation impact has been
shown in other bibliometric studies, for instance, by PERSSON et al.
(2004). The question arises whether those regularities imply any relation
between number of co-authors and the extent of author self-citations. The
results of the present paper confirm the common notion of such effects
only in part. The authors show that at the macro level multi-authorship
does not result in any exaggerate extent of self-citations.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: W Glanzel, Katholieke Univ Leuven, Steunpunt O&O Stat,
Dekenstr 2, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium
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TITLE: Visibility of collaboration on the Web (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Kretschmer, H; Aguillo, IF
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.405-426 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: The emerging influence of new information and
communication technologies (ICT) on collaboration in science and
technology has to be considered. In particular, the question of the
extent to which collaboration in science and in technology is visible on
the Web needs examining. Thus the purpose of this study is to examine
whether broadly similar results would occur if solely Web data was used
rather than all available bibliometric co-authorship data.
For this purpose a new approach of Web visibility indicators of
collaboration is examined. The ensemble of COLLNET members is used to
compare co-authorship patterns in traditional bibliometric databases and
the network visible on the Web. One of the general empirical results is a
high percentage (78%) of all bibliographic multi-authored publications
become visible through search of engines in the Web. One of the special
studies has shown Web visibility of collaboration is dependent on the
type of bibliographic multi-authored papers.
The social network analysis (SNA) is applied to comparisons between
bibliographic and Web collaboration networks. Structure formation
processes in bibliographic and Web networks are studied. The research
question posed is to which extent collaboration structures visible in the
Web change their shape in the same way as bibliographic collaboration
networks over time. A number of special types of changes in bibliographic
and Web structures are explained.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: H Kretschmer, Royal Netherlands Acad Arts & Sci, NIWI, POB
95110, NL-1090 HC Amsterdam, Netherlands
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TITLE: Using a compound approach based on elaborated neural
network for Webometrics: An example issued from the EICSTES
project
(Article, English)
AUTHOR: Lamirel, JC; Al Shehabi, S; Francois, C; Polanco, X
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.427-441 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: This paper present a compound approach for Webometrics
based on an extension the self-organizing multimap MultiSOM model. The
goal of this new approach is to combine link and domain clustering in
order to increase the reliability and the precision of Webometrics
studies. The extension proposed for the MultiSOM model is based on a
Bayesian network-oriented approach. A first experiment shows that the
behaviour of such an extension is coherent with its expected properties
for Webometrics. A second experiment is carried out on a representative
Web dataset issued from the EISCTES IST project context. In this latter
experiment each map represents a particular viewpoint extracted from the
Web data description. The obtained maps represented either thematic or
link classifications. The experiment shows empirically that the
communication between these classifications provides Webometrics with new
explaining capabilities.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: JC Lamirel, LORIA, BP 239, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy,
France
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TITLE: Commonalities and differences between scholarly and
technical collaboration - An exploration of co-invention and co-
authorship analyses (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Meyer, M; Bhattacharya, S
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.443-456 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: Co-authorship analysis is a well-established tool in
bibliometric analysis. It can be used at various levels to trace
collaborative links between individuals, organisations, or countries.
Increasingly, informetric methods are applied to patent data. It has been
shown for another method that bibliometric tools cannot be applied
without difficulty. This is due to the different process in which a
patent is filed, examined, and granted and a scientific paper is
submitted, refereed and published. However, in spite of the differences,
there are also parallels between scholarly papers and patents. For
instance, both papers and patents are the result of an intellectual
effort, both disclose relevant information, and both are subject to a
process of examination. Given the similarities, we shall raise the
question as to which extent one can transfer co-authorship analysis to
patent data.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: M Meyer, Univ Sussex, Freeman Ctr, SPRU Sci & Technol
Policy Res, Brighton BN1 9QE, E Sussex, England
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TITLE: Assessing internationality of scholarly journals through
foreign authorship patterns: the case of major journals in
information
science, and scientometrics (Article, English)
AUTHOR: Uzun, A
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.457-465 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: This article reports findings from a study of patterns of
foreign authorship of articles, and international composition of journal
editorial boards in five leading journals in the field of information
science, and scientometrics. The study covers an American journal and
four European journals. Bibliographic data about foreign authors and
their national affiliation from five selected years of publication were
analyzed for all journals. The foreign input of articles were extremely
high in Information Processing & Management, and Scientometrics, and were
relatively low in the other three journals. The number of foreign
countries contributing in all journals have increased rapidly since 1996.
Canada, England, Belgium, Netherlands, China, and Spain were the
countries with high contributions in JASIST. The authors from the USA
have dominated the foreign-authored articles in all European journals. A
simple linear regression analysis showed that 60% of variation in the
proportion of foreign-authored articles in the set of five journals over
the selected years could be explained by the percentage of foreign
members on the editorial boards of the journals.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: A Uzun, Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Stat, TR-06531 Ankara,
Turkey
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TITLE: Exploring website features for business information
(Article, English)
AUTHOR: Vaughan, LW
SOURCE: SCIENTOMETRICS 61 (3). 2004. p.467-477 KLUWER ACADEMIC
PUBL, DORDRECHT
ABSTRACT: Two previous webometrics studies found a relationship
between the number of inlinks to a commercial site and the company's
business performance measures. Thus inlink counts to commercial sites
could be a potential source of business information. However, those
studies examined top ranking information technology companies in the U.S.
and China. Whether the above-mentioned relationship holds for all
companies regardless of ranking and in other countries is unknown. The
study reported in this paper investigated this question. The study
includes all information technology companies in the U.S. and Canada and
gathered both business performance data and website data for these
companies. It found significant correlation between business performance
measures and inlinks to the company websites. The correlation was still
significant even after the size of the company and the website age were
accounted for. The conclusion is robust to the search engine used for
data collection. Data collection issues for webometrics research were
also explored.
AUTHOR ADDRESS: LW Vaughan, Univ Western Ontario, Fac Informat & Media
Studies, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
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