From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Dec 1 14:46:33 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 14:46:33 -0500 Subject: Kelsey P, Diamond T. " Establishing a core list of journals for forestry: A citation analysis from faculty at southern universities" College & Research Libraries 64(5):357-377 September 2003 Message-ID: Paul Kelsey : pkelsey at lsu.edu TITLE Establishing a core list of journals for forestry: A citation analysis from faculty at southern universities AUTHOR Kelsey P, Diamond T JOURNAL COLLEGE & RESEARCH LIBRARIES 64 (5): 357-377 SEP 2003 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 20 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Citations of articles published from 1990 to 2002 of faculty teaching at selected southern universities are counted and analyzed to form a core list of the most highly cited journals for the field of forestry. Core lists are developed for assistant, associate, and full professors; and citation differences among the three groups are analyzed. The core list of journals is compared with the list of primary forestry serials compiled by the Cornell Core Agricultural Literature Project. The analysis focuses on the similarities and differences of both studies, and discusses the importance of ecological and interdisciplinary journals to forestry research. KeyWords Plus: LIBRARIES, TITLES Addresses: Kelsey P, Louisiana State Univ, LSU Lib, Ref Serv, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA Louisiana State Univ, LSU Lib, Ref Serv, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA Publisher: ASSOC COLL RESEARCH LIBRARIES, 50 E HURON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA IDS Number: 725NF Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID PETERSONS GRADUATE P 2001 *THOMS ISI ISI J CITATION REPOR 2002 ADEWOLE S INFORMATION PROCESSI 23 629 1987 BOWKER RR ULRICHS INT PERIODIC 2001 BRADFORD SC ENGINEERING 137 86 1934 BURNAM PD COLL RES LIBR 59 406 1998 GOODEN AM ISSUES SCI TECHN FAL 2001 HAAS SC COLLECT BUILD 11 23 1991 HELMS JA J FOREST 100 18 2002 JAKES PJ J FOREST 85 33 1987 JOSWICK KE COLL RES LIBR 58 48 1997 KUYPERRUSHING L COLL RES LIBR 60 153 1999 LASCAR C COLL RES LIBR 62 422 2001 MCDONALD P LIT FORESTRY AGROFOR R9 1996 NISONGER TE COLL RES LIBR 61 263 2000 PATIL YM AGROPEDOLOGY 6 107 1996 SALISBURY L ANN M US AGR INF NET 2003 SAMPLE VA J FOREST 97 4 1999 STEELE TW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 51 476 2000 ZIPP LS LIBR RESOUR TECH SER 43 28 1999 When responding, please attach my original message _______________________________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org _______________________________________________________________________ ISSN: 0010-0870 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Dec 1 15:13:24 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 15:13:24 -0500 Subject: Lopez-Munoz F, Alamo C, Rubio G, Garcia-Garcia P, Martin-Agueda B, Cuenca E "Bibliometric analysis of biomedical publications on SSRIs during 1980-2000" DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY 18 (2): 95-103 2003 Message-ID: Lopez-Munoz F. : frlopez at juste.net TITLE Bibliometric analysis of biomedical publications on SSRIs during 1980-2000 AUTHOR Lopez-Munoz F, Alamo C, Rubio G, Garcia-Garcia P, Martin-Agueda B, Cuenca E JOURNAL DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY 18 (2): 95-103 2003 Document type: Article Language: English Cited references: 23 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: We performed a bibliometric study of the scientific publications referring to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The database used was EMBASE: Psychiatry. We applied the principal bibliometric indicators: Price's and Bradford's laws on the increase or dispersion of scientific literature, Lotka's law on the productivity of authors, the participation index (Pal) of countries, the productivity index (PI) of authors, and the collaboration index. By means of manual coding, documents were classified according to type of study and to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) or nonpsychiatric categories. We analysed 3,622 original documents published between 1980 and 2000. Our results show nonfulfilment of Price's law because production on SSRIs does not grow exponentially (r = 0.937 vs. r = 0.946, after linear adjustment). The journal most employed is the journal of Clinical Psychiatry (Bradford's first zone). The United States is the most productive country (PaI = 41.50). The documents were distributed in four groups: experimental pharmacology (8.38%), tolerance and safety (34.94%), clinical efficacy (49.11%), and not specified (7.56%). The drug most studied was fluoxetine (1,745 articles), followed by paroxetine (659). The DSM-IV diagnostic categories most studied were depression (834), obsessive-compulsive disorder (171), and panic disorder (75). The control antidepressants most used in comparative clinical studies were amitriptyline (51) and imipramine (42). The results of the present study show that the SSRIs are not solely antidepressant drugs, but also have a wide range of uses both within the psychiatric sphere (especially in the field of anxiety) and outside it, which explains the considerable scientific production generated in relation to these drugs. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Author Keywords: SSRIs, antidepressants, anxiolytics, bibliometry KeyWords Plus: ANTIDEPRESSANT USE, PANIC DISORDER, DEPRESSION, PHARMACOTHERAPY Addresses: Lopez-Munoz F, Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Pharmacol, Neuropsychopharmacol Unit, C Juan Ignacio Luca Tena 8, Madrid 28027, Spain Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Pharmacol, Neuropsychopharmacol Unit, Madrid 28027, Spain Madrid Autonom Community Govt, Hlth Council, Dept Psychiat & Mental Hlth, Madrid, Spain Publisher: WILEY-LISS, DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA IDS Number: 726HJ Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID ALAMO C 10 WORLD C PSYCH AUG 288 1996 ALAMO C 10 WORLD C PSYCH AUG 314 1996 ALAMO C PSICHIATRIA MED 2 1 1998 BRADFORD SC DOCUMENTATION 1948 CUENCA E TRASTORNOS NEUROTICO 823 2002 DENBOER JA J CLIN PSYCHIAT S8 59 30 1998 DEVANE CL AM J MED S6A 97 13 1994 GANGULI M J AM GERIATR SOC 45 1501 1997 HENRY JA PHARMACOECONOMICS 11 419 1997 JOHNSON RE PHARMACOECONOMICS 11 274 1997 KECK PE J CLIN PSYCHIAT S14 58 32 1997 LOOSBROCK DL PSYCHIATR SERV 53 179 2002 LOPEZIBOR JJ EUR PSYCHIAT 15 362 2000 LOPEZIBOR JJ PRIMARY CARE PSYCHIA 5 133 1999 LOPEZMUNOZ F HIST NEUROPSICOFARMA 269 1998 LOPEZMUNOZ F J MED EC 1 177 1998 LOPEZPINERO JM MED CLIN-BARCELONA 98 384 1992 LOTKA AJ J WASHINGTON ACADEMY 16 317 1926 MULLER HJ DRUGS 52 625 1996 PRICE DJS LITTLE SCI BIG SCI 1993 SHEEHAN DV J CLIN PSYCHIAT S10 57 51 1996 SKAER TL CNS DRUGS 14 473 2000 VALLEJO J ANTIDEPRESIVOS CLIN 55 1996 When responding, please attach my original message _______________________________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org _______________________________________________________________________ ISSN: 1091-4269 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Dec 1 15:21:59 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 15:21:59 -0500 Subject: Batty M. "The geography of scientific citation" Environment and Planning A 35(5):761-765, May 2003 Message-ID: Michael Batty : m.batty at ucl.ac.uk Also see : Batty M. "Citation Geography: It's About Location" The Scientist, 17(16): pages 10 and 12, August 25, 2003 url: http://www.the-scientist.com/yr2003/aug/opinion_030825.html TITLE The geography of scientific citation AUTHOR Batty M JOURNAL ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING A 35 (5): 761-765 MAY 2003 Document type: Editorial Material Language: English Cited References: 10 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: Batty M, Univ Coll London, Ctr Adv Spatial Anal, 1-19 Torrington Pl, London WC1E 6BT, England Univ Coll London, Ctr Adv Spatial Anal, London WC1E 6BT, England Publisher: PION LTD, 207 BRONDESBURY PARK, LONDON NW2 5JN, ENGLAND IDS Number: 687AJ Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID TIMES 2002 US NEWS WORLD REPORT 2002 *HERO UK RES ASS EX 2002 *HESA STUD TABL 2002 *NCES ENR POSTS I FALL 200 2002 *U ILL LIB GRAD RES PROGR RANK 2002 MATTHIESSEN CW URBAN STUD 36 453 1999 MAY RM SCIENCE 275 793 1997 OSWALD AO ED GUARDIAN 1115 2002 REDNER S EUR PHYS J B 4 131 1998 When responding, please attach my original message _______________________________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org _______________________________________________________________________ ISSN: 0308-518X From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Dec 1 15:27:31 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 15:27:31 -0500 Subject: Tenopir C "Information metrics and user studies" ASLIB Proceedings 55(1-2):13-17, 2003 Message-ID: Carol Tenopir : ctenopir at utk.edu TITLE Information metrics and user studies AUTHOR Tenopir C JOURNAL ASLIB PROCEEDINGS 55 (1-2): 13-17 2003 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 12 Times Cited:1 Abstract: Three questions - what can be studied; how can studies be done; and what can be measured - drive research methods and help to identify information metrics for user studies. User studies can investigate user needs, search strategies, or preferences. observing and asking, the two main methods for conducting user studies, yield quantitative and qualitative data through studying patterns of behavior and insights into motivation. ciber (Centre for Information Behaviour and the Evaluation of Research, City University, London) is in a good position to continue supporting information user behavior studies that use a variety of methods to gather both qualitative and quantitative data and help establish consistent metrics. Author Keywords: user studies, methods, methodology Addresses: Tenopir C, Univ Tennessee, Sch Informat Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA Univ Tennessee, Sch Informat Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA Publisher: EMERALD, 60/62 TOLLER LANE, BRADFORD BD8 9BY, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND IDS Number: 730MW Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID BORGMAN CL INFORM PROCESS MANAG 25 237 1989 BORGMAN CL J AM SOC INFORM SCI 47 493 1996 BORGMAN CL J AM SOC INFORM SCI 40 99 1989 HARTER SP ANN REV INFORMATION 32 3 1998 HEWINS ET ANNU REV INFORM SCI 25 145 1990 INGWERSON P INT INF SEEK IR 4 LI 2002 KING DW ANN REV INFORMATION 34 423 2001 MABE MA ASLIB PROC 54 149 2002 PULLINGER D ELECT J USER BEHAV L 2002 TENOPIR C ELECT J REALITIES SC 2000 WANG P ANN REV INFORMATION 34 53 2001 WATSON JS J AM SOC INFORM SCI 49 1024 1998 When responding, please attach my original message _______________________________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org _______________________________________________________________________ ISSN: 0001-253X From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Dec 1 15:36:52 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 15:36:52 -0500 Subject: Dearenas JL, Santilla E. Arenas M. Valles J. "Performance of Mexican scholarship recipients in the production of scientific-knowledge - from Bibliometrics to Scientific Policy - Art. No:147" Inf. Res 8(2):148 January 2003 Message-ID: TITLE Performance of Mexican scholarship recipients in the production of scientific-knowledge - from Bibliometrics to Scientific Policy - Art. No:147 AUTHOR Dearenas JL, Santilla E. Arenas M. Valles J. JOURNAL Inf. Res 8(2):148 January 2003 ADDRESS JL Dearenas,Univ. NACL Autonoma Mexico, Fac. Filosofia and Letras, Ciudad Univ. Mexico City 0450 DF, Mexico. From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Dec 1 15:51:13 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 15:51:13 -0500 Subject: Morillo F, Bordons M, Gomez I "Interdisciplinarity in science: A tentative typology of disciplines and research areas" JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 54 (13): 1237-1249 NOV 2003 Message-ID: TITLE Interdisciplinarity in science: A tentative typology of disciplines and research areas AUTHOR Morillo F, Bordons M, Gomez I JOURNAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 54 (13): 1237-1249 NOV 2003 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 33 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Interdisciplinarity is considered the best way to face practical research topics since synergy between traditional disciplines has proved very fruitful. Studies on interdisciplinarity from all possible perspectives are increasingly demanded. Different interdisciplinarity measures have been used in case studies but, up to now, no general interdisciplinarity indicator useful for Science Policy purposes has been accepted. The bibliometric methodology presented here provides a general overview of all scientific disciplines, with special attention to their interrelation. This work aims to establish a tentative typology of disciplines and research areas according to their degree of interdisciplinarity. Interdisciplinarity is measured through a series of indicators based on Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) multi-assignation of journals in subject categories. Research areas and categories are described according to the quantity of their links (number of related categories) and their quality (with close or distant categories, diversity, and strength of links). High levels of interrelations between categories are observed. Four different types of categories are found through cluster analysis. This differentiates "big" interdisciplinarity, which links distant categories, from "small" interdisciplinarity, in which close categories are related. The location of specific categories in the clusters is discussed. KeyWords Plus: COLLABORATION, UNIVERSITY, INDICATORS, KNOWLEDGE, FIELDS, FLOWS Addresses: Morillo F, CSIC, CINDOC, Joaquin Costa 22, Madrid 28002, Spain CSIC, CINDOC, Madrid 28002, Spain Publisher: JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA IDS Number: 730VQ Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID *NSF SCI ENG IND 2002 2002 *OECD INT SCI TECHN 1998 BORDONS M SCIENTOMETRICS 46 383 1999 BOURKE P RES POLICY 26 711 1998 DOGAN M LIBR TRENDS 45 296 1996 GIBBONS M NEW PRODUCTION KNOWL 1994 GRIGG L 61 AUSTR RES COUNC 1999 HARGENS LL SCIENTOMETRICS 9 145 1986 KATZ S P 5 BIENN C INT SOC 245 1995 KLEIN JT CROSSING BOUNDARIES 1996 KLEIN JT LIBR TRENDS 45 134 1996 LEYDESDORFF L SCIENTOMETRICS 26 135 1993 MORILLO F ESTUDIO INTERDISCIPL 2000 MORILLO F SCIENTOMETRICS 51 203 2001 NOMA E SUBJECT CLASSIFICATI 1986 PALMER CL J AM SOC INFORM SCI 50 242 1999 PIERCE SJ J AM SOC INFORM SCI 50 271 1999 PORTER AL SCIENTOMETRICS 8 161 1985 QIN J J AM SOC INFORM SCI 48 893 1997 QIU L RES EVALUAT 2 169 1992 RINIA EJ SCIENTOMETRICS 54 347 2002 SALTON G INTRO MODERN INFORMA 1983 SANZMENENDEZ L RES EVALUAT 10 47 2001 SCHMIDT R AILA REV 11 11 1994 SMALL H LIBR TRENDS 48 72 1999 STEELE TW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 51 476 2000 TIJSSEN RJW RES POLICY 21 27 1992 TOMOV DT SCIENTOMETRICS 37 267 1996 URATA H SCIENTOMETRICS 18 309 1990 VANDENBESSELAAR P P 8 INT C SCIENT INF 705 2001 VANLEEUWEN T RES EVALUAT 9 183 2000 VANRAAN AFJ RES POLICY 31 611 2002 WEINGART P PRACTISING INTERDISC 1999 ISSN: 1532-2882 When responding, please attach my original message _______________________________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org _______________________________________________________________________ From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Dec 1 15:57:17 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 15:57:17 -0500 Subject: White HD "Author cocitation analysis and Pearson's r" Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 54(13):1250-1259 November 2003, Message-ID: Howard D. White : Howard.Dalby.White at drexel.edu TITLE Author cocitation analysis and Pearson's r AUTHOR White HD JOURNAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 54 (13): 1250-1259 NOV 2003 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 20 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: In their article "Requirements for a cocitation similarity measure, with special reference to Pearson's correlation coefficient," Ahlgren, Jarneving, and Rousseau fault traditional author cocitation analysis (ACA) for using Pearson's r as a measure of similarity between authors because it fails two tests of stability of measurement. The instabilities arise when rs are recalculated after a first coherent group of authors has been augmented by a second coherent group with whom the first has little or no cocitation. However, AJ&R neither cluster nor map their data to demonstrate how fluctuations in rs will mislead the analyst, and the problem they pose is remote from both theory and practice in traditional ACA. By entering their own rs into multidimensional scaling and clustering routines, I show that, despite rs fluctuations, clusters based on it are much the same for the combined groups as for the separate groups. The combined groups when mapped appear as polarized clumps of points in two-dimensional space, confirming that differences between the groups have become much more important than differences within the groups-an accurate portrayal of what has happened to the data. Moreover, r produces clusters and maps very like those based on other coefficients that AJ&R mention as possible replacements, such as a cosine similarity measure or a chi square dissimilarity measure. Thus, r performs well enough for the purposes of ACA. Accordingly, I argue that qualitative information revealing why authors are cocited is more important than the cautions proposed in the AJ&R critique. I include notes on topics such as handling the diagonal in author cocitation matrices, lognormalizing data, and testing r for significance. KeyWords Plus: INTELLECTUAL STRUCTURE, SCIENCE Addresses: White HD, Drexel Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, 3152 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Drexel Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Publisher: JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA IDS Number: 730VQ Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID AHLGREN P J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 54 550 2003 BAYER AE J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 444 1990 BORGATTI SP UCINET WINDOWS SOFTW 2002 BORGATTI SP WORKSH SUNB 20 INT S 2000 DAVISON ML MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCA 1983 EOM SB J AM SOC INFORM SCI 47 941 1996 EVERITT B CLUSTER ANAL 1974 GRIFFITH BC KEY PAPERS INFORMATI R6 1980 HOPKINS FL SCIENTOMETRICS 6 33 1984 HUBERT L BRIT J MATH STAT PSY 29 190 1976 LEYDESDORFF L INFORMERICS 87 88 105 1988 MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 433 1990 MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 37 111 1986 MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 35 351 1984 MULLINS NC THEORIES THEORY GROU 1973 WHITE HD BIBLIOMETRICS SCHOLA 84 1990 WHITE HD J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 54 423 2003 WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 49 327 1998 WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 430 1990 WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 32 163 1981 When responding, please attach my original message _______________________________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org _______________________________________________________________________ ISSN: 1532-2882 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Dec 1 16:14:00 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 16:14:00 -0500 Subject: Wormell I. "Bibliometric navigation tools for users of subject portals" JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE 29 (3): 193-201 2003 Message-ID: Irene Wormell : irene.wormell at hb.se TITLE Bibliometric navigation tools for users of subject portals AUTHOR Wormell I JOURNAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE 29 (3): 193-201 2003 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 6 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: This study aimed to test the usefulness of bibliometric methods for the evaluation of subject portals at the Nordic research libraries, and to generate ideas for the creative use of portal resources in the new learning environment of the universities. The subject portals for social sciences were chosen as objects for the study. SamWebb at Gothenburg University Library in Sweden was selected as the main portal for this study. Bisigate at the Aarhus Business School Library, Denmark, was the other partner included in the analysis. In order to capture the local users' views and requirements of the portals, the analyses targeted two selected institutions in both countries with visibility in the international research arena: Gothenburg University,Department of Political Sciences and Aarhus School of Business, Department of Organization and Management. Through bibliometric analysis a list of 'candidate journals' was compiled for the stitution(s)and matched with the available portal resources. The methodology was used to see how well the portals are supporting the current, local research activities at the institution(s), and if the new, emerging research areas are covered by the resources pooled at the subject portals. The article provides a set of examples which illustrate the type of information and visualization material which could be used to explore the resources of the portals (and the library), and to facilitate the individual searching and navigation among students and researchers in the electronic information landscape. Addresses: Wormell I, Swedish Sch Lib & Informat Sci, Allegatan 1, S-50190 Boras, Sweden Swedish Sch Lib & Informat Sci, S-50190 Boras, Sweden Publisher: SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 6 BONHILL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4PU, ENGLAND IDS Number: 708NM Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID MCCAIN KW ADV SERIAL 6 105 1997 MCCAIN KW LIBR QUART 61 311 1991 NISONGER TE LIBR ACQUIS PRACT TH 18 447 1994 NISONGER TE MANAGEMENT SERIALS L 1998 WORMELL I ED INFORMATION 18 131 2000 WORMELL I NORDINFO NYTT 25 12 2002 When responding, please attach my original message _______________________________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org _______________________________________________________________________ ISSN: 0165-5515 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Dec 1 16:23:43 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 16:23:43 -0500 Subject: Atlas MC "Emerging ethical issues in instructions to authors of high-impact biomedical journals" JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION 91 (4): 442-449 OCT 2003 Message-ID: Michael C. Atlas : mcatlas at louisville.edu TITLE Emerging ethical issues in instructions to authors of high-impact biomedical journals AUTHOR Atlas MC JOURNAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION 91 (4): 442-449 OCT 2003 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 38 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Public interest in issues concerning the maintenance of high ethical standards in the conduct of scientific research and its publication has been increasing. Some of the developments in these issues as reflected in the publication of the medical literature are traced here. This paper attempts to determine whether public interest is reflected in the specific requirements for authors for manuscript preparation as stated in the "Instructions to Authors" for articles being prepared for submission to 124 "high-impact" journals. The instructions to authors of these journals were read on the Web for references to ethical standards or requirements. The ethical issues that the instructions most often covered were specifically related to the individual journal's publication requirements. The results suggest that while the editors and publishers of the biomedical literature are concerned with promoting and protecting the rights of the subjects of the experiments in the articles they publish, and while these concerns are not yet paramount, they are evolving and growing. KeyWords Plus: MEDICAL JOURNALS, INFORMED CONSENT, BOARD APPROVAL, PUBLICATIONS, EDITORS, QUALITY Addresses: Atlas MC, Univ Louisville, Kornhauser Hlth Sci Lib, Louisville, KY 40292 USA Univ Louisville, Kornhauser Hlth Sci Lib, Louisville, KY 40292 USA Publisher: MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOC, 65 EAST WACKER PLACE, STE 1900, CHICAGO, IL 60601-7298 USA IDS Number: 734RZ Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID *AM MED ASS AM MED ASS MAN STYL 1998 *ASS AM MED COLL T PROT SUBJ PRES TRUST 2001 *ASS AM U TASK FOR REP IND I FIN CONFL 2003 *COMM ED POL COUNC ETH EXP ED 17 1970 *COMM PUBL ETH GUID GOOD PUBL PRACT 2003 *COUNC SCI ED ED POL STAT POL RESP 2003 *OFF MAN BUDG GUID ENS MAX QUAL OB 2003 *US DEP HHS 1 ANN REP SCI MISC I 1990 *US GEN ACC OFF GAO0289 2001 AMDUR RJ JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 277 909 1997 ASAI T ANAESTHESIA 54 172 1999 BRACKBILL Y HASTINGS CENT REP 10 20 1980 BRAINARD J BUSH ADM CLARIFIES R 2002 BRAINARD J FEDERAL RULES CONFLI 2001 BRANDON AN B MED LIB ASS 65 191 1977 CAELLEIGH AS ACAD MED 68 S23 1993 CANELA MR NEW ENGL J MED 340 1114 1999 COWELL HR CLIN ORTHOP RELA SEP 83 2000 CURRAN WJ NEW ENGL J MED 275 323 1966 DAVIDOFF F JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 286 1232 2001 FLANAGIN A JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 284 618 2000 HORTON R LANCET 350 234 1997 KARLAWISH JHT J AM GERIATR SOC 47 76 1999 KIM DT ANN EMERG MED 23 70 1994 KRIMSKY S SCI ENG ETHICS 7 205 2001 MATOT I CRIT CARE MED 26 1596 1998 OLSON CM JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 278 477 1997 OLSON CM RESUSCITATION 31 255 1996 PROBYN LJ RADIOLOGY 215 615 2000 RELMAN AS HASTINGS CENT REP 10 22 1980 RENNIE D JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 277 922 1997 RENNIE D LANCET S2 352 18 1998 RIKKERT MGMO BRIT MED J 313 1117 1996 SARDENBERG T REV ASSOC MED BRAS 45 295 1999 SCHEETZ MD PROMOTING INTEGRITY 2003 SMITH R BRIT MED J 315 201 1997 WELLER AC B MED LIBR ASSOC 75 310 1987 YEAKY DM PREHOSPITAL DISASTER 5 113 1990 ISSN: 1536-5050 When responding, please attach my original message _______________________________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org _______________________________________________________________________ From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Dec 1 18:18:06 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 18:18:06 -0500 Subject: Martin-Sempere MJ, Rey-Rocha J, Garzon-Garcia B "Assessing quality of domestic, scientific journals in geographically oriented disciplines: scientists'" RESEARCH EVALUATION 11 (3): 149-154 DEC 2002 Message-ID: FULL TEXT AVAILABLE AT : M.N. Martin-Sempere : sempere at cindoc.csic.es> FULL TEXT AVAILABLE AT : http://dei.cindoc.cesga.es/Documents/ResEval1200203Martin.pdf TITLE Assessing quality of domestic, scientific journals in geographically oriented disciplines: scientists' judgements versus citations AUTHOR Martin-Sempere MJ, Rey-Rocha J, Garzon-Garcia B JOURNAL RESEARCH EVALUATION 11 (3): 149-154 DEC 2002 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 17 Times Cited : 0 Abstract: Spanish scientific journals on geology were analysed, none of them covered as a source by the Science Citation Index (SCI). We searched the SCI, through the Web-of-Science, for citations received by articles published in these journals in 1995 and 1996. The term-impact of journals has, been calculated, within two-and three-year citation windows. The effect of including citations from the domestic journals was considered, and a sample of 189 Spanish geologists was surveyed about the journals they consider of highest quality. A notable correspondence among experts' assessment and citation analysis has been found. Results here reported, together with those obtained in previous studies, provide data for improving knowledge about the quality of Spanish geology journals. KeyWords Plus: SCIENCE, IMPACT Addresses: Martin-Sempere MJ, Ctr Sci Informat & Documentac, CINDOC, Spanish Council Res, CSIC, Joaquin Costa 22, Madrid 28002, Spain Ctr Sci Informat & Documentac, CINDOC, Spanish Council Res, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain Publisher: BEECH TREE PUBLISHING, 10 WATFORD CLOSE,, GUILDFORD GU1 2EP, SURREY, ENGLAND IDS Number: 674UD ISSN: 0958-2029 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID ARCHIBALD RB E ECON J 16 151 1990 GARCIARUIZ JM PRODUCCION CIENTIFIC 1999 HEMLIN S SCIENTOMETRICS 27 3 1993 KATZ JS SCI PUBL POLICY 27 23 2000 KLEIJNEN JPC INFORM PROCESS MANAG 36 551 2000 LEWISON G GUT 43 288 1998 MARTINSEMPERE MJ INTERCIENCIA 25 372 2000 MARTINSEMPERE MJ REV GEN INFORMACION 10 167 2000 MCDONALD S J INFORM SCI 21 359 1995 PAO ML INFORM PROCESS MANAG 28 99 1992 REYROCHA J SCIENTOMETRICS 45 203 1999 SANZ E J INFORM SCI 21 319 1995 SEN BK J DOC 45 139 1989 SNYDER H J INFORM SCI 24 431 1998 VANDALEN HP SCIENTOMETRICS 50 455 2001 VANRAAN AFJ RES EVALUAT 7 2 1998 VANRAAN AFJ SCIENTOMETRICS 36 397 1996 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Dec 2 17:48:26 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Tue, 2 Dec 2003 17:48:26 -0500 Subject: Tsai Bor-sheng "Information landscaping: information mapping, charting, querying and reporting techniques for total quality knowledge management" Information Processing & Management 39(4):639-664 July 2003. Message-ID: Bor-sheng Tsai : btsai at pratt.edu TITLE Information landscaping: information mapping, charting, querying and reporting techniques for total quality knowledge management AUTHOR Tsai BS JOURNAL INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT 39 (4): 639-664 JUL 2003 Document type: Review Language: English Cited References: 126 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Information landscaping-an integration of information mapping, charting, querying and reporting techniques-has been developed to enable the construction of a total quality knowledge management system focusing on a particular subject information field. The techniques apply five major parameters of the Fuzzy commonality model.(FCM) including unionization, quantity, continuity or stability, changeability, and critical probability, to construct a series of information maps (infomaps) and a set of chronological-statistical charts (infocharts). The infomaps and infocharts are used as the blueprints and navigation agents for building and,developing a web-based subject experts depository and query-report system. Focusing on the subject experts/expertise, this system enables a researcher to expedite a query search through infomaps (qualitative reference) and infocharts (quantitative reference). The entropy measurement and the entropy constant (the square root of the average entropy measure) are calculated to compare with the critical probability of the FCM. This leads to the finding of a set of regression straight lines and the establishment of an information oscillogram. The tropics (upper limit, middle range, lower limit), and the potential/solstitial population and its growth rate within a subject information domain during a particular time period can be determined. They can effectively and efficiently guide librarians and information professionals towards the construction and the continuous development of an electronic collection. The cultivation of a virtual learning and referencing environment can also be created by utilizing this data. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Author Keywords: bibliometrics and informetrics, citation mining, information landscaping, information mapping, knowledge management KeyWords Plus: INTELLECTUAL SPACE, SCIENCE, INFORMETRICS, DISCOVERY, SCIENTOMETRICS, BIBLIOMETRICS, ORGANIZATION, PERSPECTIVE, GENETICS, SYSTEMS Addresses: Tsai BS, Pratt Inst, Sch Informat & Lib Sci, 144 W 14th St, New York, NY 10011 USA Pratt Inst, Sch Informat & Lib Sci, New York, NY 10011 USA Publisher: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND IDS Number: 686VV ISSN: 0306-4573 Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-212-647-7297; fax: +1-212-367-2492 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID ADAMS KC KMWORLD 10 18 2001 ALDAKHILALLAH KA TOTAL QUAL MANAGE 13 39 2002 AVRAMESCU A J DOC 36 293 1980 BANERJEE K COMPUTERS LIB 18 1 1998 BLACK S LIBR RESOUR TECH SER 45 3 2001 BRODLEY CE AM SCI 87 54 1999 BROOKES BC INFORMETRICS 89 90 31 1990 BROOKES BC J AM SOC INFORM SCI 31 248 1980 BROOKING A CORPORATE MEMORY STR 1999 BRYAN W NEW DIRECTIONS STUDE 76 3 1996 CHEN CM INFORMATION VISUALIZ 15 1999 CHEN L INFORMATION SYST WIN 65 2000 CHOO CW INT J INFORM MANAGE 16 329 1996 CHOPOORIAN JA ADV MANAGE J 66 45 2001 CHOU DC INFORM SYST MANAGE 16 33 1999 CHUA RCH PRODUCTIVITY DIG DEC 37 2001 COYLESHAPIRO JAM J APPL BEHAV SCI 35 439 1999 CRONIN B J INFORM SCI 26 133 2000 DAVENPORT TH INFORMATION ECOLOGY 1997 DAVENPORT TH WORKING KNOWLEDGE OR 1998 DAVIES R J DOC 46 368 1990 DOBRANSKY MK INT J GEN SYST 24 125 1996 FAYYAD U COMMUN ACM 39 27 1996 FEICHT L MATH TEACHER 92 166 1999 FRAPPAOLO C INFORMATION MANA JUL 44 1999 GALLUPE B INT J MANAG REV 3 61 2001 GARFIELD E CITATION INDEXING 81 1979 GOFFMAN W J ASSOC COMPUT MACH 18 173 1971 GOFFMAN W NATURE 229 103 1971 GOFFMAN W PHILOS SCI 48 438 1981 GOFFMAN W SCI INFORMATION SYST 22 1980 GREGORY VL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT 161 2000 GRIFFITH BC COMMUN RES 16 600 1989 GRIFFITH BC SCIENCE 177 959 1972 GUENTHER K COMPUTERS LIB APR 60 2000 GUY AG EMPIRICAL FDN INFORM 295 1985 HACKBARTH G INFORM SYST MANAGE 16 21 1999 HAUR M INFORMATION SERVICES 19 37 1999 HAVRE S IEEE T VIS COMPUT GR 8 9 2002 HAYLES NK NEW LITERARY HIST 20 305 1989 HAYTHORNTHWAITE C J AM SOC INFORM SCI 50 1092 1999 HICKS R MAKING COMPUTERS MOR 58 1991 HILTZ SR COMMUN ACM 40 44 1997 HODGSON CA ECONTENT OCT 15 1999 HOFFMANN E INFORMATION PROCESSI 16 291 1980 HOLSAPPLE CW INFORM SOC 18 47 2002 HOOD WW SCIENTOMETRICS 52 291 2001 JERN M INFORM SYST MANAGE 15 66 1998 JOHANNSEN CG J DOC 56 42 2000 JURISICA I B AM SOC INFORMA OCT 9 2000 KANTER J INFORM SYST MANAGE 16 7 1999 KILLINGSWORTH BL COLL STUDENT J 33 465 1999 KIRSCHENBAUM M LEONARDO 32 261 1999 KOENIG MED KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT 23 2000 KOSSLYN SM GHOSTS MINDS MACHINE 24 1983 LASZLO GP TQM MAGAZINE 11 231 1999 LEVINE L INFORM SYST MANAGE 18 21 2001 LIN X J AM SOC INFORM SCI 48 40 1997 LOIZOU G INFORMATION PROCESSI 15 127 1979 LORD J COMPUTERS LIB 21 40 2001 MASTERS DG TOTAL QUALITY MANAGE 1996 MCCAIN KW COMMUN RES 16 667 1989 MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 433 1990 MCCARTHY J COMMUN ACM 43 75 2000 MONAHAN D GPS GLOBAL POSITIONI 12 32 2001 MONMOMIER M WEATHERWISE 52 26 1999 MORROW NM ANN REV INFORMATION 35 381 2001 MYBURGH S INFORMATION MANA APR 4 2000 NICOTERA CL INFORM TECHNOL LIBR 18 104 1999 NOTESS GR ECONTENT DEC 62 2000 NOTESS GR ONLINE MAY 75 2000 OLEARY M INFORM TODAY 19 19 2002 ONEILL LM SYLLABUS APR 31 2001 PERIASAMY KP J INFORM TECHNOL 12 197 1997 PRICE DJD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 27 292 1976 PRICE DJD P AM SOC INFORM SCI 16 249 1979 PRICE DJD SCIENCE 149 510 1965 RAVICHANDRAN T J MANAGEMENT INFORMA 16 119 2000 RIFKIN J ENTROPY NEW WORLD VI 33 1980 ROBERTS G COMPUTERS LIB OCT 26 2000 ROESLER M ONLINE 19 1994 ROGERS E COMPUTERS LIB APR 34 2000 SCHWARZWALDER R ECONTENT AUG 63 1999 SENGUPTA IN LIBRI 42 75 1992 SHANAHAN T READ TEACH 50 668 1997 SHANNON CE MATH THEORY COMMUNIC 1963 SHAW WM J AM SOC INFORM SCI 34 146 1983 SMALL H J AM SOC INFORM SCI 50 799 1999 SMALL H J DOC 36 183 1980 SMALL H J INFORM SCI 11 147 1985 SMITH LC B AM SOC INFORMA DEC 11 2000 STCLAIR G TOTAL QUAL MANAGE 45 1997 STEWART TA FORTUNE 132 209 1995 STROMQUIST NP COMPARE 30 323 2000 TAGUESUTCLIFFE J INFORM PROCESS MANAG 28 1 1992 TAYLOR RS J AM SOC INFORMA SEP 341 1982 THEARLING K BUILDING DATA MINING 2000 THOMPKINS WT INFORMATION ANAL WHI 1998 TOWNLEY CT COLL RES LIBR 62 44 2001 TRIBUS M SCI AM 225 179 1971 TRYBULA WJ ANNU REV INFORM SCI 32 197 1997 TSAI B INT J SCI INFORMETRI 1 247 1995 TSAI B J INFORMATION COMMUN 6 1 2000 TSAI B J INFORMATION COMMUN 4 3 1997 TSAI B J LIB SCI SLANT DOCU 30 91 1993 TSAI B J LIBR INF SCI 20 1 1994 TSAI B KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT 297 2000 TSAI B P 1992 MID M AM SOC 83 1992 TSAI B P 1994 ANN C AM SOC 54 1994 TSAI B P 1999 C INT SOC SCI 498 1999 TSAI B P NAT ONL 2001 MAY 1 487 2001 TSAI BS LIBR TRENDS 50 521 2002 TUFTE ER VISUAL DISPLAY QUANT 28 1983 TUTHILL GS KNOWLEDGE ENG CONCEP 13 1990 VAIL EF INFORM SYST MANAGE 16 16 1999 VANDENHOVEN J INFORM SYST MANAGE 18 80 2001 VAZZANA G J ED BUSINESS 76 69 2000 VICKERY B J DOC 53 107 1997 VICKERY BC INFORMATION SCI THEO R13 1987 WEIR J INFORM SYST MANAGE 15 68 1998 WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 49 327 1998 WITHERS CWJ ISIS 90 497 1999 WONG PC IEEE COMPUT GRAPH 20 12 2000 WONG PC IEEE COMPUT GRAPH 19 2 1999 ZIPF GK HUMAN BEHAV PRINCIPL 302 1972 ZWIES R B AM SOC INFORMA JUN 10 2000 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Dec 3 14:57:59 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2003 14:57:59 -0500 Subject: Rubin RM, Chang CF. "A bibliometric analysis of health economics articles in the economics literature: 1991-2000" Health Economics 12 (5): 403-414 MAY 2003 Message-ID: Rose M. Rubin : rmrubin at memphis.edu TITLE A bibliometric analysis of health economics articles in the economics literature: 1991-2000 AUTHOR Rubin RM, Chang CF JOURNAL HEALTH ECONOMICS 12 (5): 403-414 MAY 2003 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 24 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: This paper describes and analyzes trends in health economics articles indexed in the economics literature from 1991 to 2000. demonstrating the robust state of publication in the field during the past decade. While articles, pages, and the number of journals increased, single authorship declined dramatically from almost half of articles published to only one-third, and papers with four or more authors increased three-fold. Over three-fourths of articles were analyses of healthcare markets or health production, while policy oriented articles constituted the third largest share. Author concentration ratios decreased almost by half and the Herfindhal-Hirschman index of author concentration declined from 14 in 1991 to only 4 in 1999. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Author Keywords: health economics articles, bibliometric analysis, health economics literature KeyWords Plus: SCHOLARLY JOURNALS Addresses: Rubin RM, Univ Memphis, Fogelman Coll Business & Econ, Dept Econ, Memphis, TN 38152 USA Univ Memphis, Fogelman Coll Business & Econ, Dept Econ, Memphis, TN 38152 USA Publisher: JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD, BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND IDS Number: 680VM ISSN: 1057-9230 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID *ECONLIT ECONLIT EC INF 21 CE 2000 *ISI THOMPS 2001 J CIT REP 2002 ALEXANDER JC J FINANC 49 697 1994 BAUMANN MG AM ECON 31 56 1987 BRONFENBRENNER M AM ECON REV 56 538 1966 BUTTON KJ AM ECON 25 36 1981 CHANG CF SO EC ASS NOV 25 NEW 2002 CHUNG KH Q J BUSINESS EC 32 32 1993 COATS AW J ECON LIT 9 29 1971 COLOMBATTO E ECON INTEGRATION 52 317 1999 COX RAK REV ECON STAT 73 740 1991 DAVIS JC 50 INT ATL EC C CHAR 2000 DAVIS JC EASTERN EUR ECON 39 6 2001 DAVIS JC TRIMEST ECON 65 315 1998 EKWURZEL D J EC LIT 1201 2000 HECK JL ATLANTIC ECON J 19 27 1991 HOLT CC AM DOC 19 18 1968 KAU JB J REGIONAL SCI 23 117 1983 LABAND DN AM ECON 42 47 1998 NIEMI AW J ECON HIST 35 635 1975 PENCAVEL J ECON J 101 81 1991 PENCAVEL J J ECON LIT 29 R5 1991 RHOADES SA FEDERAL RESERVE B 79 188 1993 TREMBLEAU A MOL BRAIN RES 8 37 1990 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Dec 3 15:20:43 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2003 15:20:43 -0500 Subject: Louis A. Chiapello H. Fabry C. Ollivier E. Henaut A. "Deciphering Arabidopsis thaliana gene neighborhoods through bibliographic co-citations" Computers and Chemistry 26(5):511-519 Sp.Iss. SI Jul 2002 Message-ID: A. Louis : louis at genopole.cnrs.fr TITLE Deciphering Arabidopsis thaliana gene neighborhoods through bibliographic co-citations AUTHOR Louis A, Chiapello H, Fabry C, Ollivier E, Henaut A JOURNAL COMPUTERS & CHEMISTRY 26 (5): 511-519 Sp. Iss. SI JUL 2002 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 24 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: In the framework of genome annotation, scientific literature is obviously the major source of biological knowledge. The aim of the work described in this paper is to exploit this source of data for the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The first step has consisted in constituting a relevant bibliographic references dataset for plant genomic research. Genes co-citations have then been systematically annotated in this reference dataset, starting from the simple idea that if genes are cited in the same publication, they must probably share some related functional properties. In order to deal with the synonymous gene name problem; a gene name reference list has been constituted starting from A. thaliana SwissProt entries. This list was used to build clusters of co-cited genes by a single linkage procedure such that any gene in a given cluster possesses at least one co-cited partner in the same cluster. Analysis of the clusters demonstrate the biological consistency of this approach, with only very few fortuitous links. As an example, a cluster including genes related to flowering time is more deeply described in the paper. Finally, a graphical representation of each cluster was performed, which provides a convenient way to retrieve the genes (the nodes of the graphs) and the references in which they were co-cited (the edges of the graphs). All the results can be accessed at the URL http://chlora.Igi.infobiogen.fr:1234/bib_arath/. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Author Keywords: information retrieval, gene names, single linkage procedure, representation of knowledge KeyWords Plus: FLOWERING-TIME, DATABASE, INFORMATION Addresses: Louis A, Lab Genome & Informat, Tour Evry 2,523 Pl Terrases, F-91034 Evry, France Lab Genome & Informat, F-91034 Evry, France INRA, Lab MIG, F-78026 Versailles, France Inst Pasteur, Unite Genet Genomes Bacteriens, F-75724 Paris, France Publisher: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND IDS Number: 575CK ISSN: 0097-8485 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID *AR GEN IN NATURE 408 796 2000 BLASCHEK C AUTOMATIC EXTRACTION 60 1999 FROHLICH M 594 U BREM DEP COMP 1994 FUKUDA K PAC S BIOC 707 1998 GELBART WM NUCLEIC ACIDS RES 27 85 1999 GUO HW SCIENCE 279 1360 1998 LEU WM PLANT CELL 7 2187 1995 LOUIS A GENOME RES 11 1296 2001 MEINKE D PLANT J 12 247 1997 NITSCHKE P FEMS MICROBIOL REV 22 207 1998 ONO T BIOINFORMATICS 17 155 2001 PILLET V THESIS AIX MARSEILLE 111 2000 PRICE CA NUCLEIC ACIDS RES 29 118 2001 PROUX D GENOME INFORM SER WO 9 72 1998 PUTTERILL J MOL GEN GENET 239 145 1993 SCHULER GD METHOD ENZYMOL 266 141 1996 SEKIMIZU T GENOME INFROM SER WO 9 62 1998 SILBERZTEIN M DICT ELECT ANAL AUTO 1993 SIMON R NATURE 384 59 1996 STAPLEY BJ PAC S BIOC 529 2000 SUAREZLOPEZ P NATURE 410 1116 2001 THOMAS J PAC S BIOC 541 2000 WHEELER DL NUCLEIC ACIDS RES 29 11 2001 WILBUR WJ INFORM PROCESS MANAG 30 253 1994 When responding, please attach my original message __________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com 3535 Market St., Phila. PA 19104-3389 Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com 3501 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3302 Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Dec 3 15:33:58 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2003 15:33:58 -0500 Subject: Griggs RA, Proctor DL. "A citation analysis of who's who in introductory textbooks" Teaching of Psychology 29(3):203-206 Sum 2002 Message-ID: Richard A. Griggs : rgriggs at ufl.edu TITLE A citation analysis of who's who in introductory textbooks AUTHOR Griggs RA, Proctor DL JOURNAL TEACHING OF PSYCHOLOGY 29 (3): 203-206 SUM 2002 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 27 Times Cited: 1 Abstract: Given the many changes in the introductory psychology textbook market in the past 2 decades and the lack of a recent citation study of introductory texts, we conducted a citation analysis of a stratified random sample of current texts. To provide a more comprehensive picture of current citation emphases, we extended our analysis to the top 60 authors. As expected, historically prominent psychologists dominated the top 15, with Freud cited most often. We also found that the citation patterns reflected recent changes in the prominence of various schools of scientific psychology with cognitive psychology well represented. We discuss the role of these data in students' perceptions of psychology and in helping introductory teachers to make course content choices. KeyWords Plus: PSYCHOLOGY Addresses: Griggs RA, Univ Florida, Dept Psychol, POB 112250, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA Univ Florida, Dept Psychol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA Publisher: LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC, 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA IDS Number: 575JQ ISSN: 0098-6283 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID ATKINSON RL HILGARDS INTRO PSYCH 2000 BERNSTEIN DA PSYCHOLOGY 2000 FREBERG LA TEACHING INTRO PSYCH 1999 GRAY P PSYCHOLOGY 1999 GRIGGS RA TEACH PSYCHOL 26 182 1999 HUFFMAN K PSYCHOL ACTION 2000 JACKSON SL COMPENDIUM INTRO PSY 2000 KAESS WA AM PSYCHOL 9 144 1954 KNAPP TJ TEACH PSYCHOL 12 15 1985 MATLIN MW PSYCHOLOGY 1999 MILLER B TEACH PSYCHOL 25 89 1998 MORRIS CG PSYCHOLOGY INTRO 1999 MYERS DG PSYCHOLOGY 2001 PERLMAN B TEACH PSYCHOL 26 177 1999 PERLMAN D AM PSYCHOL 35 104 1980 PETTIJOHN TF PSYCHOL CONNECTEXT 1998 ROBINS RW AM PSYCHOL 54 117 1999 ROECKELEIN JE AM PSYCHOL 27 657 1972 STANOVICH KE THINK STRAIGHT PSYCH 2001 TAYLOR SE HLTH PSYCHOL 1998 TAYLOR SE POSITIVE ILLUSIONS 1989 UBA L PSYCHOLOGY 1999 WEBB WB TEACH PSYCHOL 18 33 1991 WEITEN W TEACHING PSYCHOL AM 453 1992 WESTEN D PSYCHOL BULL 124 333 1998 WESTEN D PSYCHOLOGY MIND BRAI 1999 WOOD SE WORLD PSYCHOL 1999 When responding, please attach my original message __________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com 3535 Market St., Phila. PA 19104-3389 Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com 3501 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3302 Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Dec 3 15:45:46 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2003 15:45:46 -0500 Subject: Jin BH, Zhang JG, Chen DQ, Zhu XY "Development of the Chinese Scientometric Indicators (CSI)" SCIENTOMETRICS 54 (1): 145-154 APR 2002 Message-ID: csci at mail.las.ac.cn TITLE Development of the Chinese Scientometric Indicators (CSI) AUTHOR Jin BH, Zhang JG, Chen DQ, Zhu XY JOURNAL SCIENTOMETRICS 54 (1): 145-154 APR 2002 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 16 Times Cited: 1 Abstract: We describe the Chinese Scientometric Indicators (CSI), an indicator database derived from the Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD). Its design is supported by the Natural Sciences Foundation of China (NSFC). In this indicator database data of a statistical nature are organized and categorized leading to ranked lists and providing bases for comparisons among Chinese institutions and regions. KeyWords Plus: SCIENCE Addresses: Jin BH, Chinese Acad Sci, Documentat & Informat Ctr, 8 Kexueyuan Nanlu, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci, Documentat & Informat Ctr, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China Publisher: KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS IDS Number: 557HJ ISSN: 0138-9130 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID CHINA PUBLICATION YB 1999 *NAT BUR STAT MIN CHIN STAT YB SCI TEC 2000 ARUNACHALAM S CURR SCI INDIA 79 621 2000 BRAUN T SCIENTOMETRIC INDICA 1985 CYRANOSKI D NATURE 410 10 2001 JIANG Z SCIENCE 288 2317 2000 JIN B CHINESE J SCI TECHNO 11 14 2000 JIN B J MANAGEMENT SCI CHI 2 59 1999 JIN B UNPUB CHINAS MEAN CT 2000 JIN BH SCIENTOMETRICS 45 325 1999 LIANG L IN PRESS RES EVALUAT 2001 MENG GJ LIBRI 46 52 1996 MOED HF IN PRESS P 2 INT S Q 2000 MOED HF RES POLICY 14 131 1985 SKEA JEF SCI TECHNOLOGY POLIC 106 1992 TSUI KY J DEV ECON 50 353 1996 When responding, please attach my original message __________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com 3535 Market St., Phila. PA 19104-3389 Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com 3501 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3302 Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Dec 3 15:52:37 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2003 15:52:37 -0500 Subject: Dannenberg AL "USE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY IN MEDICAL SPECIALTIES - AN EXAMINATION BY CITATION ANALYSIS" AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY 121 (1): 140-151 1985 Message-ID: Andrew L. Dannenberg : acd7 at cdc.gov TITLE USE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY IN MEDICAL SPECIALTIES - AN EXAMINATION BY CITATION ANALYSIS AUTHOR DANNENBERG AL JOURNAL AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY 121 (1): 140-151 1985 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 18 Times Cited: 7 Addresses: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205 Publisher: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV SCHOOL HYGIENE PUB HEALTH, 111 MARKET PLACE, STE 840, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-6709 IDS Number: TX935 ISSN: 0002-9262 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID AM J EPIDEMIOL 118 129 1983 AM J EPIDEMIOL 118 130 1983 AM J EPIDEMIOL 111 140 1980 AM J EPIDEMIOL 81 1 1965 BARRETTCONNOR E AM J EPIDEMIOL 109 245 1979 DETELS R JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 242 1644 1979 GARFIELD E SCI CITATION INDEX J 236 1982 GARFIELD E SCI CITATION INDEX J A31 1982 GARFIELD E SCI CITATION INDEX J A120 1982 GARFIELD E SCI CITATION INDEX J A31 1978 GARFIELD E SCI CITATION INDEX J 1976 GARFIELD E SCIENCE 178 471 1972 GEYMAN JP J FAM PRACTICE 16 812 1983 LAPORTE RE AM J EPIDEMIOL 111 137 1980 MILLER MD J MED EDUC 57 797 1982 ORCHARD TJ LANCET 2 845 1980 PETERSON HB ANESTHESIOLOGY 53 263 1980 PRICE DJD SCIENCE 149 510 1965 When responding, please attach my original message __________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com 3535 Market St., Phila. PA 19104-3389 Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com 3501 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3302 Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org From loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET Thu Dec 4 03:41:36 2003 From: loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET (Loet Leydesdorff) Date: Thu, 4 Dec 2003 09:41:36 +0100 Subject: White HD "Author cocitation analysis and Pearson's r" Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 54(13):1250-1259 November 2003, In-Reply-To: <200312012057.hB1BIdwe025916@panther.mail.utk.edu> Message-ID: > -----Original Message----- > From: ASIS&T Special Interest Group on Metrics > [mailto:SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU] On Behalf Of Eugene Garfield > Sent: Monday, December 01, 2003 9:57 PM > To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU > Subject: [SIGMETRICS] White HD "Author cocitation analysis > and Pearson's r" Journal of the American Society for > Information Science and Technology 54(13):1250-1259 November 2003, > > > Howard D. White : Howard.Dalby.White at drexel.edu > > TITLE Author cocitation analysis and Pearson's r > > AUTHOR White HD > > JOURNAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION > SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 54 (13): 1250-1259 NOV 2003 Dear Howard and colleagues, I read this article with interest and I agree that for most practical purposes Pearson's r will do a job similar to Salton's cosine. Nevertheless, the argument of Ahlgren et al. (2002) seems convincing to me. Scientometric distributions are often highly skewed and the mean can easily be distorted by the zeros. The cosine elegantly solves this problem. A disadvantage of the cosine (in comparison to the r) may be that it does not become negative in order to indicate dissimilarity. This is particularly important for the factor analysis. I have thought about input-ing the cosine matrix into the factor analysis (SPSS allows for importing a matrix in this analysis), but that seems a bit tricky. Caroline Wagner and I did a study on coauthorship relations entitled "Mapping Global Science using International Coauthorships: A comparison of 1990 and 2000" (Intern. J. of Technology and Globalization, forthcoming) in which we used the same matrix for mapping using the cosine (and then Pajek for the visualization) and for the factor analysis using Pearson's r. The results are provided as factor plots in the preprint version of the paper at http://www.leydesdorff.net/sciencenets/mapping.pdf . While the cosine maps exhibit the hierarchy by placing the central cluster in the center (including the U.S.A. and some Western-European countries), the factor analysis reveals the main structural axes of the system as competitive relations between the U.S.A., U.K., and continental Europe (Germany + Russia). The French system can be considered as a fourth axis. These eigenvectors function as competitors for collaboration with authors from other (smaller or more peripheral) countries. Thus, the two measures enable us to show something differently: Salton's cosine exhibits the hierarchy and one might say that the factor analysis on the basis of Pearson's r enables us to show the heterarchy among competing axes in the system. With kind regards, Loet _____ Loet Leydesdorff Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR) Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam Tel.: +31-20- 525 6598; fax: +31-20- 525 3681 loet at leydesdorff.net ; http://www.leydesdorff.net/ The Challenge of Scientometrics ; The Self-Organization of the Knowledge-Based Society > > > Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: > 20 Times Cited: 0 > > Abstract: > In their article "Requirements for a cocitation similarity > measure, with special reference to Pearson's correlation > coefficient," Ahlgren, Jarneving, and Rousseau fault > traditional author cocitation analysis (ACA) for using > Pearson's r as a measure of similarity between authors > because it fails two tests of stability of measurement. The > instabilities arise when rs are recalculated after a first > coherent group of authors has been augmented by a second > coherent group with whom the first has little or no > cocitation. However, AJ&R neither cluster nor map their data > to demonstrate how fluctuations in rs will mislead the > analyst, and the problem they pose is remote from both theory > and practice in traditional ACA. By entering their own rs > into multidimensional scaling and clustering routines, I show > that, despite rs fluctuations, clusters based on it are much > the same for the combined groups as for the separate groups. > The combined groups when mapped appear as polarized clumps of > points in two-dimensional space, confirming that differences > between the groups have become much more important than > differences within the groups-an accurate portrayal of what > has happened to the data. Moreover, r produces clusters and > maps very like those based on other coefficients that AJ&R > mention as possible replacements, such as a cosine similarity > measure or a chi square dissimilarity measure. Thus, r > performs well enough for the purposes of ACA. Accordingly, I > argue that qualitative information revealing why authors are > cocited is more important than the cautions proposed in the > AJ&R critique. I include notes on topics such as handling the > diagonal in author cocitation matrices, lognormalizing data, > and testing r for significance. > > KeyWords Plus: > INTELLECTUAL STRUCTURE, SCIENCE > > Addresses: > White HD, Drexel Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, 3152 > Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Drexel Univ, Coll > Informat Sci & Technol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA > > Publisher: > JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA > > IDS Number: > 730VQ > > > Cited Author Cited Work Volume > Page Year > ID > > AHLGREN P J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 54 > 550 2003 > BAYER AE J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 > 444 1990 > BORGATTI SP UCINET WINDOWS SOFTW > 2002 > BORGATTI SP WORKSH SUNB 20 INT S > 2000 > DAVISON ML MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCA > 1983 > EOM SB J AM SOC INFORM SCI 47 > 941 1996 > EVERITT B CLUSTER ANAL > 1974 > GRIFFITH BC KEY PAPERS INFORMATI > R6 1980 > HOPKINS FL SCIENTOMETRICS 6 > 33 1984 > HUBERT L BRIT J MATH STAT PSY 29 > 190 1976 > LEYDESDORFF L INFORMERICS 87 88 > 105 1988 > MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 > 433 1990 > MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 37 > 111 1986 > MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 35 > 351 1984 > MULLINS NC THEORIES THEORY GROU > 1973 > WHITE HD BIBLIOMETRICS SCHOLA > 84 1990 > WHITE HD J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 54 > 423 2003 > WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 49 > 327 1998 > WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 > 430 1990 > WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 32 > 163 1981 > > > When responding, please attach my original message > ______________________________________________________________ > _________ > Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu > home page: www.eugenegarfield.org > Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 > President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com > Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com > Past President, American Society for Information Science and > Technology > (ASIS&T) www.asis.org > ______________________________________________________________ > _________ > > > > ISSN: > 1532-2882 > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From kretschmer.h at T-ONLINE.DE Fri Dec 5 10:38:34 2003 From: kretschmer.h at T-ONLINE.DE (Hildrun Kretschmer) Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2003 16:38:34 +0100 Subject: Second Call for Papers (International Workshop on Webometrics, Informetrics, Scientometrics) Message-ID: Second Call for Papers: International Workshop on Webometrics Informetrics and Scientometrics & 5th COLLNET Meeting, March 2-5, 2004, Roorkee, India Based on several requests the deadline for submitting abstracts (1 or 2 pages) has been changed to December 20, 2003. More deatails, see attachment With kind regards, Hildrun Kretschmer Program Chair -- -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: Scientiometrics brochure2.doc Type: application/msword Size: 116224 bytes Desc: not available URL: From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Fri Dec 5 12:40:36 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2003 12:40:36 -0500 Subject: May, M "Sorting out citation management software " SCIENTIST Volume 17 | Issue 20 | 37 | Oct. 20, 2003 Message-ID: Mike May : mikemay at mindspring.com FULL TEXT AVAILABLE AT : http://www.the-scientist.com/yr2003/oct/lcprofile1_031020.html AUTHOR May, M TITLE Sorting out citation management software JOURNAL SCIENTIST Volume 17 | Issue 20 | 37 | Oct. 20, 2003 LANGUAGE: English SCIENTIST INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3535 MARKET ST, SUITE 200, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-3385 USA SN 0890-3670 Mike May (mikemay at mindspring.com) is a freelance writer in Madison, Ind. When responding, please attach my original message __________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com 3535 Market St., Phila. PA 19104-3389 Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com 3501 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3302 Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Fri Dec 5 13:24:16 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2003 13:24:16 -0500 Subject: Hasbrouck LM, Taliano J, Hirshon JM, Dannenberg AL "Use of epidemiology in clinical medical publications, 1983-1999: A citation analysis" AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY 157 (5): 399-408 MAR 1 2003 Message-ID: Please also refer to the article by Dannenberg AL. "Use of epidemiology in medical specialties - An examination by citation analysis" Am. J. of Epidemiology 121(1):140-151,1985 posted on 12/4/03 to the SIG-Metrics list. \_____________________________________________________________/ / \ Dr. La Mar Hasbrouck : lmh0 at cdc.gov Full Text Available at : http://aje.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/full/157/5/399 TITLE Use of epidemiology in clinical medical publications, 1983-1999: A citation analysis AUTHOR Hasbrouck LM, Taliano J, Hirshon JM, Dannenberg AL JOURNAL AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY 157 (5): 399-408 MAR 1 2003 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 17 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Epidemiologists respond to the information needs of health professionals. Although medical professionals are routine users of epidemiologic information, use within medical specialties varies remarkably. To explore the variation in use of epidemiologic information across clinical medical specialties, the authors examined the scientific literature by analyzing patterns of citation of specific journal articles to and by the American Journal of Epidemiology (AJE). A total of 178,396 journal citations to and 126,478 citations by AJE were made from 1983 through 1999; citations were classified according to the subject category of the referencing or referenced journal. Clinical medical journals accounted for 50.6% of all citations combined (both referenced to and referenced by AJE); general/ internal medicine (17.9%), cancer (10.4%), and cardiovascular (4.9%) journals had the highest number of citations. Few citations to and by AJE were found in publications specializing in dermatology, gastroenterology, orthopedics, allergy, anesthesiology, surgery, rheumatology, and other areas. Trend patterns of citations between clinical and epidemiologic literature indicated that citations to the fields of cardiovascular disease and cancer are increasing, whereas citations regarding pediatrics have remained stable. This analysis suggests an increasing interchange of information between epidemiologists and clinicians specializing in certain fields, uncovering potential research opportunities for epidemiologists. Author Keywords: clinical medicine, epidemiology, public health, publishing Addresses: Hasbrouck LM, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Commun Resources, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA Univ Maryland, Div Emergency Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Appl Publ Hlth Training, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA Publisher: OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC, JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA IDS Number: 652ZN ISSN: 0002-9262 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ID AM J EPIDEMIOL 133 1 1991 *I SCI INF AM J EP 1999 *I SCI INF J CIT REP 1999 *NAT CTR INF DIS PREV EM INF DIS ADDR 1998 DANNENBERG AL AM J EPIDEMIOL 121 140 1985 GARFIELD E CAN MED ASSOC J 161 979 1999 GARFIELD E HIST CITATION INDEXI 1999 GARFIELD E IMPACT FACTOR 2000 GARFIELD E SCI CITATION INDEX J A120 1982 GARFIELD E SCIENCE 178 471 1972 HOEFFEL C ALLERGY 53 1225 1998 LASKER RD MED PUBLIC HLTH POWE 1997 LINET MS EPIDEMIOL REV 22 35 2000 REINGOLD AL EPIDEMIOL REV 22 57 2000 SCHOONBAERT D TROP MED INT HEALTH 1 739 1996 WHELTON PK EPIDEMIOL REV 22 140 2000 ZIMMER C SCIENCE 293 1974 2001 ____________________________________________________ When responding, please attach my original message Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org From harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK Mon Dec 8 06:16:42 2003 From: harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK (Stevan Harnad) Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2003 11:16:42 +0000 Subject: Journals > Peer-Reviewed Journals > Open-Access Journals < Open Access Message-ID: The exchange, below, about the apparent discrepancy in the estimates of the current number of open access journals is resolved as follows: Bowker's Ulrichsweb http://www.ulrichsweb.com/ulrichsweb/ indexes about 250,000 serials. Of those 250,000 serials about 10% (24,000) are peer-reviewed journals. Of those 24,000 about 2.5% (600) are indexed by The Directory of Open Access Journals http://www.doaj.org/ which indexes only peer-reviewed journals. Other indices and harvesters such as http://www.j-gate.informindia.co.in/ and http://rzblx1.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/index.phtml?lang=en may index more free online full-text journals than http://www.doaj.org/ but the open-access movement is focussed on *peer-reviewed* journals only, as defined in http://www.soros.org/openaccess/read.shtml and only peer-reviewed journals are indexed by http://www.doaj.org/ And let us also not forget that apart from the 2.5% of yearly articles from the 24,000 peer-reviewed journals that are openly accessible because they are published in the 600 open-access ("gold") journals to date, at least three times as many yearly articles (7.5%) from the 24,000 peer-reviewed journals are openly accessible because they are self-archived by their authors: http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/self-archiving_files/Slide0024.gif This current total of 10% open access can immediately be increased to at least 55% by self-archiving all the articles in the 55% of peer-reviewed journals that are already "green" (or "blue" or "gold"): http://www.lboro.ac.uk/departments/ls/disresearch/romeo/Romeo%20Publisher%20Policies.htm > Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2003 08:50:29 +0000 (GMT) > From: Subbiah Arunachalam > To: sathya > > From: sathya > > J-Gate [ http://www.j-gate.informindia.co.in/] indexes open access > literature extensively. We index articles from 1,600 journals > available free online, and we are the only site doing this in the > world. (There are many sites who just put an html page of these > journals, but no one does indexing). In the coming years, we plan > to harvest e-print sites and index them too on our site. > > From: Subbiah Arunachalam > > [ The Directory of Open Access Journals http://www.doaj.org/ ] > lists [only] 600. > > From: sathya > > It is possible that [http://www.doaj.org/ is] peer-reviewed journals > available free online. This could be 600. I can't separately count > peer-reviewed journals in my database. [The following is from the AmSci Forum's Archive/] "Re: Need for systematic scientometric analyses of open-access data" http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Hypermail/Amsci/2522.html "It seems that (apart from a few well known titles) [of] the 14% free access biological periodicals listed by the Electronic Journal Library http://rzblx1.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/index.phtml?lang=en ...some are newsletters, some look like catalogues..." "Request for journal/article/field statistics from Ulrichs and ISI" http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Hypermail/Amsci/2972.html "The total number of refereed (peer-reviewed) journals Ulrich's indexes currently (24,116 active was latest figure)" [This is about 10% of the total of about 250,000 serials indexed by Ulrichs] http://www.ulrichsweb.com/ulrichsweb/ Stevan Harnad NOTE: A complete archive of the ongoing discussion of providing open access to the peer-reviewed research literature online is available at the American Scientist Open Access Forum (98 & 99 & 00 & 01 & 02 & 03): http://amsci-forum.amsci.org/archives/september98-forum.html http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Hypermail/Amsci/index.html Post discussion to: september98-forum at amsci-forum.amsci.org Dual Open-Access-Provision Policy: BOAI-2 ("gold"): Publish your article in a suitable open-access journal whenever one exists. BOAI-1 ("green"): Otherwise, publish your article in a suitable toll-access journal and also self-archive it. http://www.soros.org/openaccess/read.shtml http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/berlin.htm http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/self-archiving_files/Slide0026.gif http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/self-archiving_files/Slide0021.gif http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/self-archiving_files/Slide0024.gif http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/self-archiving_files/Slide0028.gif From ishaikev at MAIL.RU Mon Dec 8 06:12:11 2003 From: ishaikev at MAIL.RU (=?koi8-r?Q?=22?=Irina Shaikevich=?koi8-r?Q?=22=20?=) Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2003 14:12:11 +0300 Subject: Second Call for Papers (International Workshop onWebometrics,Informetrics, Scientometrics) In-Reply-To: <1ASI2M-0IRvSC0@cmpmail06.bbul.t-online.de> Message-ID: Dear Hildrun, I am sending the absract of my paper to you and to Ramesh too. I hope we'll meet soon. Best, Irina -----Original Message----- From: Hildrun Kretschmer To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2003 16:38:34 +0100 Subject: [SIGMETRICS] Second Call for Papers (International Workshop onWebometrics,Informetrics, Scientometrics) > > Second Call for Papers: > International Workshop on Webometrics Informetrics and Scientometrics & > 5th COLLNET Meeting, March 2-5, 2004, Roorkee, India > > Based on several requests the deadline for submitting abstracts (1 or 2 > pages) has been changed to December 20, 2003. More deatails, see > attachment > > With kind regards, > Hildrun Kretschmer > Program Chair > > -- > > > > ATTACHMENT: application/msword ("Scientiometrics brochure2.doc") > -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: india-coll.doc Type: application/msword Size: 30208 bytes Desc: not available URL: From loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET Wed Dec 10 16:22:01 2003 From: loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET (Loet Leydesdorff) Date: Wed, 10 Dec 2003 22:22:01 +0100 Subject: "While a Storm is Raging on the Open Sea" Message-ID: "While a Storm is Raging on the Open Sea": Regional Development in a Knowledge-based Economy at http://www.leydesdorff.net/storm_at_sea/index.htm The Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations is elaborated into a systemic model that accounts for interactions among three dimensions. By distinguishing between the respective micro-operations, this model enables us to recombine the "Mode 2" thesis of a new production of scientific knowledge and the study of systems of innovation with the neo-classical perspective on the dynamics of the market. The mutual information in three dimensions provides us with an indicator for the self-organization of the resulting network systems. The probabilistic entropy in this mutual information can be negative in knowledge-based configurations. The knowledge base of an economy can be considered as a second-order interaction effect among interactions at interfaces between institutions and functions in different spheres. Proximity enhances the chances for couplings and, therefore, the formation of technological trajectories. The next-order regime of the knowledge base, however, can be expected to remain pending as selection pressure. * apologies for cross-postings; comments are very welcome in this stage _____ Loet Leydesdorff Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR) Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam Tel.: +31-20- 525 6598; fax: +31-20- 525 3681 loet at leydesdorff.net ; http://www.leydesdorff.net/ The Challenge of Scientometrics ; The Self-Organization of the Knowledge-Based Society -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Thu Dec 11 13:22:52 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2003 13:22:52 -0500 Subject: Gokarn V. "Arrival of the Idea Practitioner" Business Standard, December 11 2003. Message-ID: Vasant Gokarn : vasgok at hotmail.com Business Standard, December 11, 2003 (online) http://www.business-standard.com/today/story.asp?Menu=34&story=29082 TITLE Arrival of the idea practitioner AUTHOR Vasant Gokarn Published : December 5, 2003 The last two years have witnessed a quiet revolution in Indian industry. A year ago, many corporates took industry watchers by surprise with their performance. With hardly any growth in the top line, there was a substantial improvement in the bottom line. This year, with the economic resurgence, there has been buoyancy in the topline as well as in the bottom line. To take two examples: Tata Motors saved Rs 960 crore in manufacturing expenses in the last two years.Tata Steel increased its per man year productivity of steel from 209 tonnes to 254 tonnes. Just what were the steps taken that brought about such outstanding performance? Who were the people who implemented the ideas? How does one ensure that these measures are sustainable and that old habits do not resurface once the market pressures are off? Enter the Idea Practitioner.The authors of this book, Thomas Davenport and Laurence Prusak have done a good job in highlighting the role of the idea practitioner,who is a vital link between an idea and the results but who often remains in the background,unnoticed and unheralded. It is the idea practitioner who determines what ideas make sense for his organisation,modifies them to suit his needs and mobilises the organisation's resources to make them real. The authors have impeccable credentials for writing this book,having been researchers,consultants and idea practitioners themselves. In the course of writing this book,they have interviewed many idea practitioners,some of whom have been profiled. As the authors claim, this is probably the first book on the subject. The authors then go on to discuss how ideas are sourced (management gurus are one source but not the only one),how they need to be packaged and sold within the organisation,how resources need to be mobilised within the organisation(and often outside the organisation) and finally how to make them happen. Ideas also have a life cycle,internal and external, and it is important to bear in mind their interplay in the success of the implementation programme. There is of course a mandatory reference to the methods adopted by GE like 'workouts' and 'boundaryless organisation' and the 'ideas factory' at Crotonville. There is a tongue in cheek chapter on management gurus,as can be expected from an idea practitioner. The authors discuss the merits and demerits of the guru's background- academics,practicing managers, consultants and business journalists. By and large many management gurus tend to borrow ideas from successful practices or practitioners, package them nicely, jazz them up with new buzzwords and propagate them with evangelistic fervour. Many ideas don't live up to the expectations generated by the initial hype and some indeed turn out to be faddist. One instance of this is Business Process Reengineering(BPR), to which the authors have devoted a whole chapter. They discuss the origin of this idea which first gained currency in the early '90's, the hype surrounding it and the bandwagon effect and finally its rapid decline with a mea culpa article by Michael Hammer,one of the originators of this idea,in the Wall Street Journal in 1996,in which he admitted that "he was insufficiently appreciative of the human dimension". It is interesting to note that with the holistic approach adopted by Indian industry, BPR may indeed have a second coming in India. The authors have listed 200 management gurus in accordance with their ranking, based on an empirical system (on the number of hits on Google search, number of citations in Social Sciences Citation Index etc). The top position is held by Michael Porter. In the No. 2 position is Tom Peters,who is credited with turning management consulting into performance art,as regular viewers of Richard Quest's programme, Global Office, on CNN would have seen for themselves in recent weeks. Gary Hamel, reputedly the world's richest consultant, is at No 7. There are six Indian names, with C K Prahalad at 24 and Sumantra Ghoshal at 43.There is also a list of 50 idea practitioners.There is only one Indian name, Sanjiv Sidhu of i2 Technologies. The concluding chapter on knowledge management,which is now a zeitgeist (spirit of the times) idea, is a natural corollary. Basically it involves tacit knowledge development and its propagation across the company to its divisions and operational sites. The authors could have made it more interesting with one or two case narrations. However, the lack of these need not disturb the Indian reader who can easily recall several outstanding instances in recent years both within the country and outside. One has only to reflect on the remarkable success achieved by L N Mittal, who is now the second largest steelmaker in the world. After acquiring several sick mills on the American continent and turning them round, he started foraging in the rust belt of Eastern Europe and the smaller states of the erstwhile Soviet Republic. His recent acquisitions in Romania and Kirghizhistan of decrepit discarded steel mills have turned out to be money-spinners within a few months. And the managers who performed this feat are Indians who had honed their skills in plants belonging to Steel Authority of India. This is not a book for the executive on the run who is looking for instant wisdom (despite its inviting title). Rather it is for the silent manager in the backroom who has delivered the astonishing results in the last two years and is seeking to articulate his experiences.This should herald the arrival of the idea practitioner in India. vasgok at hotmail.com When responding, please attach my original message __________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: http://www.eugenegarfield.org/ Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. http://www.the-scientist.com/ 3535 Market St., Phila. PA 19104-3389 Chairman Emeritus, ISI http://www.isinet.com/ 3501 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3302 Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) http://www.asis.org/ From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Thu Dec 11 14:30:46 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2003 14:30:46 -0500 Subject: Geuna A, Martin BR. "University research evaluation and funding: An international comparison" Minerva 41(4):277-304, 2003 Message-ID: TITLE: University research evaluation and funding: An international comparison (Article, English) AUTHOR: Geuna, A; Martin, BR SOURCE: MINERVA 41 (4). 2003. p.277-304 KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, DORDRECHT SEARCH TERM(S): SCIENTOMETRICS rwork ABSTRACT: Many countries have introduced evaluations of university research, reflecting global demands for greater accountability. This paper compares methods of evaluation used across twelve countries in Europe and the Asia-Pacific region. On the basis of this comparison, and focusing in particular on Britain, we examine the advantages and disadvantages of performance-based funding in comparison with other approaches to funding. Our analysis suggests that, while initial benefits may outweigh the costs, over time such a system seems to produce diminishing returns. This raises important questions about its continued use. AUTHOR ADDRESS: A Geuna, Univ Sussex, Freeman Ctr, SPRU Sci & Technol Policy Res, Brighton BN1 9QE, E Sussex, England From oh at BONN.IZ-SOZ.DE Fri Dec 12 08:54:36 2003 From: oh at BONN.IZ-SOZ.DE (Peter Ohly) Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2003 14:54:36 +0100 Subject: CfP: Informetric and Text based Procedures, RC33, 16-20/8/2004 Message-ID: (please apologize cross-postings) Call for Papers Session 'Informetric and Text based Procedures for Information Retrieval and Analysis' (e.g. in the Context of Digital Libraries) at: RC33 Sixth International Conference on Social Science Methodology (Amsterdam, August 16 - 20, 2004) (http://www.siswo.uva.nl/rc33/) Organizers: H. Peter Ohly / Maximilian Stempfhuber, Social Science Information Centre Content: Citation Analyses, Scientific Productivity and Networks, University Ranking, Retrieval-Weighting, Information Mining, Cross-Concordances, Integration of Heterogeneous Data The aim of this session is to present new insights into formal ranking and linking procedures based on knowledge organization systems or statistical and text analytical algorithms, and to discuss restrictions and possibilities of these approaches in the information field. Of special interest are methods applicable to several of the different types of information which can be found in digital libraries: full-text documents, bibliographic descriptions, metadata for statistical data, web sites, process produced traces and structural patters of these. Digital libraries with their wealth of different data types and sources rise new challenges when analytical methods for linking or ranking are applied to new types of data or to merge data from heterogeneous sources. In the field of Social Sciences, the integrated retrieval of text-based information, metadata and empirical data plays an important role for the scientific community. How can informetric and text based procedures support this? What standards are necessary to apply them to different data types? How can their results be merged to yield predictable results? Especially for evaluation purposes the quantitative analysis must be enhanced by qualitative decisions and background information. Applications are information retrieval, resp. analyses of literature databases and internet sites, extraction and combining of text information for information purposes, ranking and networking of science actors and knowledge and input-output-analyses of scientific institutions. There should be also space for a critical consideration of indicator quality, reality constraints, and economy of information. Two Sessions; Each talk: 20 Min. Please send your proposal as soon as possible to: ohly at bonn.iz-soz.de THE DEADLINE for sending abstracts for individual papers to the session organizers, is Febuary 29, 2004. A message of acceptation or rejection will be send by the Executive Scientific Committee before April 15, 2004. THE DEADLINE FOR SUBMITTING FULL PAPERS to the Executive Scientific Committee (in pdf format) is June 15, 2004. Mit freundlichen Gruessen, Regards, Sinc?res salutations, H. Peter OHLY ------------------------------------- IZ Sozialwissenschaften / Lennestr. 30 / 53113 BONN / Germany / Tel.: +49-228-2281-142 / Fax.: +49-228-2281-4142 / mailto:oh at iz-soz.de / http://www.gesis.org/SocioGuide / http://www.bonn.iz-soz.de/wiss-org From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Fri Dec 12 12:59:54 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2003 12:59:54 -0500 Subject: Jonathan Grant, Liz Green, Barbara Mason "From Bedside to Bench: Comroe and Dripps Revisited" HERG Research Report No. 30 August 2003 Message-ID: TITLE From Bedside to Bench: Comroe and Dripps Revisited AUTHORS Jonathan Grant, Liz Green, Barbara Mason SOURCE HERG Research Report No. 30 August 2003 Health Economics Research Group, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK ISBN 1-902316-34-7 This report is available as a pdf file from: http://www.brunel.ac.uk/depts/herg/pubs/internal.html Details of pre 2003 HERG reports can also be found at the above web address. Copies of reports can be obtained by writing to: Health Economics Research Group, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK. Tel: +44 (0) 1895 203196; Fax: +44 (0) 1895 203330 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Twenty-five years ago a paper published in Science by Julius Comroe and Robert Dripps purported to demonstrate that 41 per cent of all articles judged to be essential for later clinical advances were not clinically oriented at the time of the study and 62 per cent of key articles were the result of basic research. Since that analysis, support for basic research has increased in the G7 countries. In the UK, Research Council expenditure on basic research has increased from a low of ?444 million (or 42 per cent of total civil R&D) in 1991/92 to ?769 million (or 61 per cent of total civil R&D) in 1998/99. Although it would be difficult to argue that Comroe and Dripps were directly responsible for a strategic shift (or drift) in the type of science supported by research funders, their arguments are often cited (albeit at times implicitly) in support of the increased funding for basic biomedical research. In 1987 Richard Smith wrote a critical paper reassessing Comroe and Dripps. His main argument was that the original study was in itself ?unscientific? and that it should be ?followed by bigger and better studies?. This study is, in part, an answer to that challenge. Given the increased support for basic research, and the apparent importance based on the work of Comroe and Dripps, we felt it was important to investigate Smith?s comments by replicating Comroe and Dripps?s study and at the same time try to improve upon the methodology. The current project had two objectives: 1. To see if the original Comroe and Dripps?s methodology was ?replicable?. 2. To validate the key findings of Comroe and Dripps. By looking at neonatal intensive care (NIC), we concluded that Comroe and Dripps? study ? as reported ? is not repeatable, reliable or valid, and thus is an insufficient evidence base for increased expenditure on basic biomedical research. We did, however, develop an alternative methodology which used bibliographic databases and bibliometric techniques to describe the research underpinning five of the most important clinical advances in NIC, as identified through a Delphi survey. Using the revised bibliometric protocol, we demonstrated that after a time-lag of about 17 years, between 2 and 21 per cent of research underpinning the clinical advances could be described as basic. This observation is at odds with Comroe and Dripps?s finding that 62 per cent of key research articles judged to be essential for latter clinical advance were the result of basic research. In reaching this conclusion we are acutely aware of the significant limitations to the revised methodology and, therefore, we caution against the over-interpretation of our results. However, we would argue that there needs to be a greater understanding of how basic research supports healthcare and hope this report will inform part of this wider debate. When responding, please attach my original message __________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: http://www.eugenegarfield.org/ Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. http://www.the-scientist.com/ 3535 Market St., Phila. PA 19104-3389 Chairman Emeritus, ISI http://www.isinet.com/ 3501 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3302 Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) http://www.asis.org/ From Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Sat Dec 13 00:36:52 2003 From: Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2003 00:36:52 -0500 Subject: No subject Message-ID: Received: FROM pdii.lipi.go.id BY xena-jk.lipi.go.id ; Sat Dec 13 12:53:37 2003 +0700 Received: from pdii37 ([192.168.100.88]) by pdii.lipi.go.id (8.12.8/8.12.8) with SMTP id hBD5BoQC019370 for ; Sat, 13 Dec 2003 12:12:03 +0700 Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2003 12:11:50 +0700 Message-Id: <200312130512.hBD5BoQC019370 at pdii.lipi.go.id> From: "Garfield" To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU Subject: Re:Baby! 2000USD,Win this game... Reply-To: Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; boundary="#BOUNDARY#" Play the game from file attach --#BOUNDARY# Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable --#BOUNDARY#-- From Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Sat Dec 13 00:37:08 2003 From: Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2003 00:37:08 -0500 Subject: No subject Message-ID: Received: FROM pdii.lipi.go.id BY xena-jk.lipi.go.id ; Sat Dec 13 12:53:47 2003 +0700 Received: from pdii37 ([192.168.100.88]) by pdii.lipi.go.id (8.12.8/8.12.8) with SMTP id hBD5C3QC019376 for ; Sat, 13 Dec 2003 12:12:16 +0700 Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2003 12:12:03 +0700 Message-Id: <200312130512.hBD5C3QC019376 at pdii.lipi.go.id> From: "Garfield" To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU Subject: Help Reply-To: Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; boundary="#BOUNDARY#" Help. --#BOUNDARY# Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable --#BOUNDARY#-- From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Sat Dec 13 01:05:48 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2003 01:05:48 -0500 Subject: No subject Message-ID: Received: FROM pdii.lipi.go.id BY xena-jk.lipi.go.id ; Sat Dec 13 13:22:38 2003 +0700 Received: from pdii37 ([192.168.100.88]) by pdii.lipi.go.id (8.12.8/8.12.8) with SMTP id hBD5esQC020453 for ; Sat, 13 Dec 2003 12:41:06 +0700 Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2003 12:40:54 +0700 Message-Id: <200312130541.hBD5esQC020453 at pdii.lipi.go.id> From: "garfield" To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU Subject: Re:Baby! 2000USD,Win this game... Reply-To: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; boundary="#BOUNDARY#" Play the game from file attach --#BOUNDARY# Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable --#BOUNDARY#-- From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Sat Dec 13 01:06:04 2003 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2003 01:06:04 -0500 Subject: No subject Message-ID: Received: FROM pdii.lipi.go.id BY xena-jk.lipi.go.id ; Sat Dec 13 13:22:51 2003 +0700 Received: from pdii37 ([192.168.100.88]) by pdii.lipi.go.id (8.12.8/8.12.8) with SMTP id hBD5f7QC020457 for ; Sat, 13 Dec 2003 12:41:19 +0700 Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2003 12:41:07 +0700 Message-Id: <200312130541.hBD5f7QC020457 at pdii.lipi.go.id> From: "garfield" To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU Subject: Help Reply-To: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; boundary="#BOUNDARY#" Help. --#BOUNDARY# Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable --#BOUNDARY#-- From gwhitney at UTK.EDU Mon Dec 15 19:19:57 2003 From: gwhitney at UTK.EDU (Gretchen Whitney) Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2003 19:19:57 -0500 Subject: No subject Message-ID: Received: FROM pdii.lipi.go.id BY xena-jk.lipi.go.id ; Tue Dec 16 07:35:38 2003 +0700 Received: from pdii37 ([192.168.100.88]) by pdii.lipi.go.id (8.12.8/8.12.8) with SMTP id hBFNrlQC002737 for ; Tue, 16 Dec 2003 06:53:49 +0700 Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2003 06:53:47 +0700 Message-Id: <200312152353.hBFNrlQC002737 at pdii.lipi.go.id> From: "gwhitney" To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU Subject: Re:Binladen_Sexy.jpg Reply-To: gwhitney at UTK.EDU MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; boundary="#BOUNDARY#" run File Attach to extract:BinladenSexy.jpg... --#BOUNDARY# Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable --#BOUNDARY#-- From gwhitney at UTK.EDU Mon Dec 15 19:19:58 2003 From: gwhitney at UTK.EDU (Gretchen Whitney) Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2003 19:19:58 -0500 Subject: No subject Message-ID: Received: FROM pdii.lipi.go.id BY xena-jk.lipi.go.id ; Tue Dec 16 07:35:40 2003 +0700 Received: from pdii37 ([192.168.100.88]) by pdii.lipi.go.id (8.12.8/8.12.8) with SMTP id hBFNroQC002740 for ; Tue, 16 Dec 2003 06:53:50 +0700 Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2003 06:53:50 +0700 Message-Id: <200312152353.hBFNroQC002740 at pdii.lipi.go.id> From: "gwhitney" To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU Subject: The Sexy story and 4 sexy picture of BINLADEN ! Reply-To: gwhitney at UTK.EDU MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; boundary="#BOUNDARY#" Enjoy! BINLADEN:SEXY.. --#BOUNDARY# Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable --#BOUNDARY#-- From harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK Tue Dec 16 09:42:42 2003 From: harnad at ECS.SOTON.AC.UK (Stevan Harnad) Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2003 14:42:42 +0000 Subject: Recommendations for UK Open-Access Provision Policy Message-ID: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR UK OPEN-ACCESS PROVISION POLICY To UK Government Science and Technology Committee http://www.parliament.uk/parliamentary_committees/science_and_technology_committee/scitech111203a.cfm > "The Committee will be looking at access to journals within the > scientific community, with particular reference to price and > availability." A more general way to put it would be "access to the articles published in peer-reviewed journals". The articles (2,500,000 annually) are research output. Researchers publish them in peer-reviewed journals (24,000 in all, across all scientific and scholarly disciplines, worldwide) in order to make them accessible to all other researchers (worldwide) to be read, applied, used, built-upon, cited: This is called "research impact" and it is what is behind research productivity and progress (as well as the career advancement and future research funding of the researcher, the prestige and research funding of the researcher's institution, and the benefits to the UK tax-payer for the money spent funding the research). > "It will be asking what measures are being taken in government, > the publishing industry and academic institutions" It is extremely important to separate the sectors over which the UK government has some direct control -- government itself, and academic institutions -- from the ones over which it can only have some indirect influence: the publishing industry. The UK government can do a great deal to maximise the access to and the impact of UK research output through government research funding policies and through HEFCE influence over academic institutional policy, in particular, by extending existing publish-or-perish policy to mandate open-access provision: UNIFIED OPEN-ACCESS PROVISION POLICY: (OAJ) Researchers publish their research in an open-access journal if a suitable one exists, otherwise (OAA) they publish it in a suitable open-access journal and also self-archive it in their own research institution's open-access research archive. Harnad, S., Carr, L., Brody, T. & Oppenheim, C. (2003) Mandated online RAE CVs Linked to University Eprint Archives: Improving the UK Research Assessment Exercise whilst making it cheaper and easier. Ariadne 35. http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue35/harnad/ http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/self-archiving_files/Slide0022.gif http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/self-archiving_files/Slide0024.gif But government can only influence publishers indirectly. The greatest indirect influence will be the effect of the above open-access provision policy itself, if it is mandated. This will encourage journals (first) to support author self-archiving http://www.lboro.ac.uk/departments/ls/disresearch/romeo/Romeo%20Publisher%20Policies.htm and -- perhaps -- eventually also to become open-access publishers: http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/self-archiving_files/Slide0028.gif Secondarily -- but note that the amount of open access to UK research this will help provide is far less than the amount that will be provided by the above open-access provision policy -- the government can also provide (as part of research support) some support for the costs of publishing in open access journals, to further encourage publishing in open access journals, to help sustain the small number of open access journals that exist today (600, vs. 23,400 toll access journals), and to encourage the creation of new open access journals and the conversion of toll-access journals to open access. But note that the greatest impetus to this (possible eventual) transition from toll-access publishing to open-access publishing will come from mandating open-access *provision* itself (by the joint OAJ/OAA route), for this will generate open access directly -- and *perhaps* eventually also the university journal subscription cancellations from which the annual university windfall savings will be the natural source out of which to pay the open-access journal publication (peer-review) costs for each university's *own* research output: http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Tp/resolution.htm#4.2 > "to ensure that researchers, teachers and students have access to the > publications they need in order to carry out their work effectively." The government can of course act for all of these good reasons. But remember that most of peer-reviewed journal research is written by researchers for researchers, to be used, applied and built upon in further research, to further research progress. Otherwise it is hardly read by anyone (including teachers and students). So the government's open-access provision policy has to be very clear both on why open access to this special literature is so important and necessary (for the sake of research productivity and progress) and how it can make this importance and necessity known to researchers, so that they will want to support the mandating of open-access provision: Researchers will support it for the sake of enhancing research impact. That they will understand and approve fully. But they will not be much persuaded (and perhaps even resistant) if they are told that open-access provision is mandated in order (1) to encourage publishers to convert from toll-access to open-access publishing, (2) to save money for libraries, (3) to provide access to research for teachers, students and the general public, or even (4) to provide access to research for the developing world. (1) - (4) may all be valid reasons for the *government* to support open-access provision, but for the *researcher* the only persuasive reason is: to maximise the impact of his own peer-reviewed research output (thereby maximising its contribution and benefits to science, as well as the resulting rewards to the researcher and his institution). > "The inquiry will also examine the impact that the current trend towards > e-publishing may have on the integrity of journals and the scientific > process." There is no "current trend toward e-publishing"! Virtually all of the 24,000 peer-reviewed journals are already hybrid: They publish both an on-paper and an online version, both still accessible only through institutional tolls. There are a few online-only journals, but these are not necessarily open-access journals (of which there are about 600). So do not confuse hybrid-online or online-only journals with open-access journals. All journals have benefitted from the economies and efficiencies of the online medium for processing submissions, implementing peer review, and producing and distributing both the paper and online edition. But those economies and efficiencies themselves have not inclined most journals to convert to open access. (Only 600 out of 24,000 have done so to date.) So the electronic medium itself has increased access for those institutions that could afford the tolls, because licensed online institutional toll-access provides more and better access than paper subscriptions do. But the electronic medium certainly has not generated open access -- far from it. It is still a fact for *every one* of the 2,500,000 peer-reviewed journal articles published annually that *most* of its would-be users cannot access it, because their institutions cannot afford the access-tolls. This means that an estimated 336% of potential research impact has been lost, and continues to be lost, daily: http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/self-archiving_files/Slide0006.gif http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/self-archiving_files/Slide0007.gif http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/self-archiving_files/Slide0025.gif Lawrence, S. (2001a) Online or Invisible? Nature 411 (6837): 521. http://www.neci.nec.com/~lawrence/papers/online-nature01/ Lawrence, S. (2001b) Free online availability substantially increases a paper's impact. Nature Web Debates. http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/Articles/lawrence.html Kurtz, M.J. et al. (2003) The NASA Astrophysics Data System: Sociology, Bibliometrics, and Impact. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~kurtz/jasis-abstract.html This has nothing to do with the "integrity of journals and the scientific process." Journals are journals, whether paper or online, whether toll-access or open-access. And the journal's component in the scientific process -- the administration of peer-review (the peers review for free) -- is unchanged, whether it is administered on paper or online, and whether its administration costs are recovered on a toll-access publishing cost-recovery model or an open-access publishing cost-recovery model. The only thing that has been changed (and changed radically) by the advent of the online medium is the possibility, at last, of providing open access to this special literature that its authors have always given away for free (even to the point of mailing hard-copy "reprints" at their own expense to any would-be users who asked for them) in order to maximise their research impact. Harnad, S. (1998/2000) The invisible hand of peer review. Nature [online] (5 Nov. 1998) and Exploit Interactive 5 (2000): http://helix.nature.com/webmatters/invisible/invisible.html http://www.exploit-lib.org/issue5/peer-review/ > "What impact do publishers current policies on pricing and > provision of scientific journals, particularly big deal schemes, > have on libraries and the teaching and research communities > they serve?" Separate the serials budget problem of university libraries from the research impact problem of university researchers. They are related and connected, but not in an obvious way, and they are certainly not the same problem. Libraries must make do -- and provide access for their researchers to whatever they can afford -- from year to year. For them, online licensing has been a boon: more journal titles and articles accessible to more of their institutional researchers, per pound paid in access-tolls. But prices keep going up too. So there is also a shrinkage in the number of journals libraries can afford. The "big deals" offer libraries the bonus of getting both the paper and the online version of all journals (from the same publisher) that they have subscribed to previously, plus all journals (by the same publisher) to which they did not subscribe previously -- for the price of only the journals they subscribed to previously. This "big deal" too provides some increased access, but the prices still keep going up. So the net outcome is the same: An overextended journals acquisition budget (at the cost of an underfunded book acquisitions budget) and affordable access to only a tiny fraction of the annual 2,500,000 articles in the 24,000 journals. This means university libraries remain cash-strapped, and their users remain access-deprived (not relative to what they used to have, in paper days, but relative to all there is, the 2,500,000 annual articles in the 24,000 peer-reviewed research journals): That's the serials budget problem, and it is purely on the input/buy-in side. But there is also the research impact problem, which is on the output side: University researchers are impact-deprived -- because of the access problems of *other* universities: *those* universities cannot afford access to *my* university's research output, so *I* lose research impact. The two problems are connected, but in a subtle way. The key to understanding the two problems is to understand the reciprocity involved. Libraries tend to misunderstand and mis-state this as: "Our university does the research, gives it away to publishers for free, and then has to buy it back!" This is completely incorrect. What the university is buying *in* (not back) is the research output of *other* universities, not their *own* research output. (They already *have* their own research output!) What is being lost is research impact: the consequences of access-denial to *my* give-away research because *other* universities cannot afford the tolls to access the journal in which it appeared (hence cannot not read/use/cite it). The picture seems complicated, but the solution -- in the first instance, to the lost research-impact problem, but eventually perhaps also to the serials budget problem -- is to capitalise on the new online medium as well as the peculiar reciprocity relation among the respective author give-aways, by mandating that universities extend their publish-or-perish policies to include open-access provision for those publications: It is not enough to publish, and let the affordability of access-tolls determine who can and cannot use your research. Publication must be supplemented with open-access provision: UNIFIED OPEN-ACCESS PROVISION POLICY: (OAJ) Researchers publish their research in an open-access journal if a suitable one exists, otherwise (OAA) they publish it in a suitable open-access journal and also self-archive it in their own research institution's open-access research archive. The result, in the short run, will be open access to all UK research output, thereby maximising its research impact. http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Tp/resolution.htm#4.1 In the longer run this *might* also lead to a transition from toll-access to open-access journal publishing, thereby solving the libraries' serials budget problem. http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Tp/resolution.htm#4.2 "What action should Government, academic institutions and publishers be taking to promote a competitive market in scientific publications?" Trying to increase between-journal competition in order to lower prices is only a library serials-budget strategy. This has been going on for years now (led by SPARC and SPARC-Europe, a consortium of university libraries trying to use their collective consortial power to drive down journal prices). Its success has been minimal, and its effect on researchers' access and impact has been negligible. http://www.arl.org/sparc/ http://www.sparceurope.org/ The reason this strategy does not work is because of inelastic demand for peer-reviewed research. The 24,000 journals have a priority hierarchy in this inelastic demand: All researchers need access to it all, but no university can afford access to more than a fraction. So it is just a matter of trying to buy in as much as each can, top-down. The journals know (and feel, from the market's responses to price increases) that the demand is inelastic: that the university libraries have no choice. Moreover, because of the peculiar reward-structure of this anomalous form of publishing -- unlike book authors, peer-reviewed journal article authors *give away* their articles, seeking no royalties or payment, but only research impact -- the only relevant competition among journals is for *articles* (i.e., to get the best articles); there is little competition between journals for subscriptions. And competing for the highest-quality authors and articles depends, paradoxically, on *rejecting* articles, in order to maintain the highest standards of peer review. For it is the highest-quality articles that generate the highest research impact (usage, citation). So the top-down variable in the journal hierarchy is quality and impact. This is the true determinant of what journals will and will not be subscribed to by the libraries. It is for impact that journals compete. But peer-review quality standards and rejection rates have absolutely no connection with any competitivity one might generate between journal subscription prices! So the path of trying to spark competition between journals in order to lower access tolls is one that has afforded and promises limited success. SPARC has subsidized and offered consortial subscription support to lower-price journals. It is now doing the same for open-access journals. But the scope for any substantial change here is very limited, and it concerns mainly the libraries' year-to-year serials budget problems; it has little impact on the access problem, hence the research impact problem. (600 open access journals out of 24,000 journals represents a very small portion of actual and potential impact space). The way to solve the research impact problem is: UNIFIED OPEN-ACCESS PROVISION POLICY: (OAJ) Researchers publish their research in an open-access journal if a suitable one exists, otherwise (OAA) they publish it in a suitable open-access journal and also self-archive it in their own research institution's open-access research archive. > "What are the consequences of increasing numbers of open-access > journals, for example for the operation of the Research Assessment > Exercise and other selection processes? Should the Government > support such a trend and, if so, how?" It is not the (very slowly) increasing number of open-access journals (OAJ) that is relevant to the Research Assessment Exercise (RAE), nor even (the almost as slowly) increasing number of articles made open-access by self-archiving (OAA). What is relevant to the RAE, and what the Government should support, is increasing the amount of open-access provision -- via both OAJ and OAA -- by mandating it. > "How effectively are the Legal Deposit Libraries making available > non-print scientific publications to the research community, > and what steps should they be taking in this respect?" This is irrelevant. Legal deposit libraries store copies of record, for archival and preservation purposes. They are not open-access providers. What should be mandated is that all universities make their *own* published research articles openly accessible by publishing them in an open-access journal and/or depositing them in their own university open-access archives: http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/archpolnew.html > "What impact will trends in academic journal publishing have on > the risks of scientific fraud and malpractice?" It is not clear why research access and impact problems are being considered in the same breath with problems of fraud and malpractice. There was some fraud and malpractice in paper journals. There is some fraud and malpractice in online journals. The cost-recovery model (whether toll-access or open-access) is also irrelevant. It is true that it is easier to plagiarize or to otherwise misuse an online text than a paper one, but it is also true that plagiarism and misuse are more easily detectable online. So these balance out. Apart from that, questions about scientific fraud and malpractice (and questions about modifying the peer review system in any way) have nothing to do with the question of open online access. > "In announcing the inquiry, the Chairman of the Committee, Ian > Gibson MP, said Journals are at the heart of the scientific > process. Researchers, teachers and students must have easy > access to scientific publications at a fair price." As noted, the access problem for this specialised literature is not primarily a problem of teachers and students, but of researchers, for the sake of research productivity, progress and impact. Nor is it about *ease* of access: It is about having access *at all* (as opposed to access denial). Nor is it merely or even primarily about having access at "a fair price." This is an author give-away literature, written purely for the sake of research impact. Access-denial at *any* price is already needless impact-denial. Even if all 24,000 peer-reviewed journals were sold *at cost* (and cost was minimised using all the economies and efficiencies of the new electronic medium) it would *still* be true of *all* 2,500,000 annual articles that they are inaccessible to most of their would-be users, because their institutions still cannot afford access to them all, and hence that all that potential research impact is needlessly lost. The only remedy is to supplement toll-access (whatever its going price) with open-access provision by the authors, institutions and funders that provide this give-away research in the first place: > UNIFIED OPEN-ACCESS PROVISION POLICY: > (OAJ) Researchers publish their research in an open-access journal if > a suitable one exists, otherwise (OAA) they publish it in a suitable > open-access journal and also self-archive it in their own research > institution's open-access research archive. > "Scientific journals need to maintain their credibility and integrity > as they move into the age of e-publication. The Committee will have > some very tough questions for publishers, libraries and government > on these issues." There is no credibility/integrity problem for the 2,500,000 articles appearing annually in the world's 24,000 peer-reviewed journals. There is an *access* problem for their would-be users -- those whose institutions cannot afford the access-tolls -- and an *impact* problem for (all) of their authors. The tough questions should not be directed primarily at publishers and libraries but at the research community itself: researchers, their institutions, and their governmental research funders. And the question is: Why are the potential benefits of this research not being maximised by maximising the access to it (through open-access provision)? It is the research community that it in the position to solve this problem -- especially of government mandates it. Stevan Harnad From Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Dec 16 15:53:38 2003 From: Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Garfield, Eugene) Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2003 15:53:38 -0500 Subject: up-to-date email for Arun Message-ID: I hope this message will reach Subbiah Arunachalam. I need his up-to-date email address. All mail has so far been returned. Best wishes. Gene Garfield ________________________________________________________________________ This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information on a proactive email security service working around the clock, around the globe, visit http://www.messagelabs.com ________________________________________________________________________ -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From m.thelwall at BLUEYONDER.CO.UK Wed Dec 17 14:33:29 2003 From: m.thelwall at BLUEYONDER.CO.UK (Mike Thelwall) Date: Wed, 17 Dec 2003 14:33:29 -0500 Subject: PhD Studentship in Internet Research / Webometrics Message-ID: Title: An Exploration of Web Manifestations of University-Industry-Government Relations in the UK Academia, government and industry do not and cannot operate in isolation in a modern economy. Academic research is now also conducted inside industry as well as in partnerships between industry and universities. An important new role of government is to promote university-industry collaboration and practice-oriented, problem solving research (Mode 2 Science) rather than more abstract and theory oriented research (Mode 1 Science). As with any area in which the government spends enormous amounts of money, there is a need to assess value and to understand the processes that links funding to desirable outcomes (increased national competitiveness). The object of the PhD is to explore a source of information about UIG connections: the web sites of the organisations concerned. The objective is not to assess the quality of connections, but to evaluate the extent to which such connections are visible on the web and can be used to extract useful knowledge. This post is available to an Information Science or Social Science graduate, Internet Researcher or other graduate with relevant expertise. The research is of an interdisciplinary nature and the student will need to gain knowledge of areas outside of their discipline. This will include learning web page creation and studying selected statistical techniques. The studentship is to run for a three years with a bursary of ?7,500 p.a. In order to apply, visit the URL below and email the group leader with a copy of your C.V. Applicants from outside of the UK are welcome. The deadline for receipt of an email is 31 March, 2004. Statistical Cybermetrics Research Group, University of Wolverhampton, UK http://cybermetrics.wlv.ac.uk From loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET Wed Dec 17 15:39:58 2003 From: loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET (Loet Leydesdorff) Date: Wed, 17 Dec 2003 21:39:58 +0100 Subject: PhD Studentship in Internet Research / Webometrics In-Reply-To: Message-ID: Dear Mike, I take the liberty to forward this to the Triple Helix mailing list, for their information. With kind regards, Loet > -----Original Message----- > From: ASIS&T Special Interest Group on Metrics > [mailto:SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU] On Behalf Of Mike Thelwall > Sent: Wednesday, December 17, 2003 8:33 PM > To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU > Subject: [SIGMETRICS] PhD Studentship in Internet Research / > Webometrics > > > Title: An Exploration of Web Manifestations of > University-Industry-Government Relations in the UK > > Academia, government and industry do not and cannot operate > in isolation in a modern economy. Academic research is now > also conducted inside industry as well as in partnerships > between industry and universities. An important new role of > government is to promote university-industry collaboration > and practice-oriented, problem solving research (Mode 2 > Science) rather than more abstract and theory oriented > research (Mode 1 Science). As with any area in which the > government spends enormous amounts of money, there is a need > to assess value and to understand the processes that links > funding to desirable outcomes (increased national > competitiveness). The object of the PhD is to explore a > source of information about UIG connections: the web sites of > the organisations concerned. The objective is not to assess > the quality of connections, but to evaluate the extent to > which such connections are visible on the web and can be used > to extract useful knowledge. > > This post is available to an Information Science or Social > Science graduate, Internet Researcher or other graduate with > relevant expertise. The research is of an interdisciplinary > nature and the student will need to gain knowledge of areas > outside of their discipline. This will include learning web > page creation and studying selected statistical techniques. > The studentship is to run for a three years with a bursary of > ?7,500 p.a. In order to apply, visit the URL below and email > the group leader with a copy of your C.V. Applicants from > outside of the UK are welcome. The deadline for receipt of an > email is 31 March, 2004. > > Statistical Cybermetrics Research Group, University of > Wolverhampton, UK http://cybermetrics.wlv.ac.uk > From Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Dec 17 15:51:26 2003 From: Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Garfield, Eugene) Date: Wed, 17 Dec 2003 15:51:26 -0500 Subject: "Reflections on the Impact Factor" in Arch Bronconeumol 2003; vol.39(9):411-19, Sept. Message-ID: http://db.doyma.es/cgi-bin/wdbcgi.exe/doyma/mrevista.fulltext?pident=1305151 3 The author has kindly provided a URL for the full text of his article. I do not necessarily endorse his views but feel that readers of SIGMETRICS may be interested. Those who prefer the Spanish version can go to this URL http://db.doyma.es/cgi-bin/wdbcgi.exe/doyma/mrevista.fulltext?pident=1305063 1 The author can be contacted at the email address shown below. Best wishes for the holidays. Eugene Garfield -----Original Message----- From: jos? ignacio de Granda Orive [mailto:igo01m at saludalia.com] Sent: Wednesday, December 17, 2003 3:06 PM To: Garfield, Eugene Subject: RE: Your "Reflections on the Impact Factor" in Arch Bronconeumol 2003; vol.39(9):411-19, Sept. Dear Dr Garfield; first of all I want to say you that for me is a real honor that you read my review article in Arch Bronconeumol. Thank you very much for your The paper version is in Spanish but the URL above is in English and the Spanish version at . http://db.doyma.es/cgi-bin/wdbcgi.exe/doyma/mrevista.fulltext?pident=1305151 3 , both in HTML format Dr Jos? Ignacio de Granda-Orive Dear Dr. Orive: I read with interest your paper mentioned above. On the first page you state that that SCI includes entries dating from 1955. That is not correct. It starts with 1945 for the Source material. I am sure you also realize that anything published before that time could be cited. Perhaps the date you used is confused with the date for the earliest issue of SSCI. You will also be interested to know that ISI has recently announced that it will go back to the beginning of the twentieth century. They call this project "Century of Science" In the ASIS&T we operate a listserv which is read by hundreds of researchers interested in scientometrics. We would like to post the full text of your article in English. We would also include your email address. Unfortunately we cannot use PDFs on the listserv. Can you send us URL that readers could access? Anyone can join the SIGMETRICS listserv free of charge. The url is http://listserv.utk.edu/archives/sigmetrics.html With best wishes. EG When responding, please attach my original message __________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com 3535 Market St., Phila. PA 19104-3389 Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com 3501 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3302 Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) www.asis.org ________________________________________________________________________ This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information on a proactive email security service working around the clock, around the globe, visit http://www.messagelabs.com ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email Security System. ________________________________________________________________________ This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information on a proactive email security service working around the clock, around the globe, visit http://www.messagelabs.com ________________________________________________________________________ -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From M.Davis at UNSW.EDU.AU Fri Dec 19 01:09:21 2003 From: M.Davis at UNSW.EDU.AU (Mari Davis) Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2003 17:09:21 +1100 Subject: Submissions invited for ASIST Panel on Scientific Collaboration Message-ID: The International Society of Scientometrics and Informetrics (ISSI) in association with ASIST Special Interest Group, SIGMetrics, is proposing a Panel Session for the Annual Meeting in Providence, Rhode Island, US in November. Please see the Abstract below this message. We invite contributed papers to flesh out this discussion of scientific collaboration. Panel Sessions are generally 2 hours - consisting of the Keynote paper and open discussion time that will each use about 20 minutes and thus there is time for 4 further contributed papers of about 20 minutes each. If you would like to contribute a paper or your ideas to this Panel Session, please send an abstract by January 10th 2004 of approximately 250 words to the Moderator, Dr Mari Davis. (m.davis at unsw.edu.au). All contributions or other suggestions will be welcomed and acknowledged. Mari Davis Senior Research Fellow Co-Director, Bibliometric & Informetric Research Group (BIRG) School of Information Systems, Technology and Management The University of New South Wales Quadrangle Level 2 Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Email: m.davis at unsw.edu.au Web Site: http://birg.web.unsw.edu.au/ Tel: +61 2 9385 7127 Fax: +61 2 9662 4061 Apologies for crosss-posting. ************************************************************************************************************************************* Studying scientific collaboration: The potential and limitations of scientometric methods. ASIST Annual Conference, Providence, Rhode Island, November 13-18 2004: "Managing and Enhancing Information: Cultures and Conflicts" Panel Session - International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics (ISSI) in association with SIGMetrics. Henry Small (US) - Keynote Speaker (ISSI President; ASIST Member); Mari Davis (Australia) - Moderator (ISSI Board Member; ISSI Past President; ASIST Member). To form the panel, papers are being sought from at least one sociologist, communication scholar, scientometrician, webometrician and one specialist in mapping. Abstract The goal of the panel is to seek the views of people engaged in examining the nature and role of scientific collaboration from differing perspectives, for example, from scientometrics-informetrics, sociology of science, and social network analysis. The panel will explore aspects of collaboration that can be successfully examined by quantitative methods and will discuss ways of integrating such work with qualitative examinations of the social aspects of scientific work. Scientific collaboration is one of the major topics for science studies. It is a frequent and important micro-event in science whose interlinking constitutes macroscopic patterns in the form of social networks across fields, organizations and countries, and in the form of structures in scientific knowledge. Research that meets rigorous standards for scientific credibility is not the only factor affecting the successful completion of projects; social arrangements and negotiations surrounding collaboration also impact the conduct of scientific research. Scientometric methods have contributed much to the identification and understanding of these macrostructures; their unique capacity for representing and analyzing knowledge structures is indispensable in analyses of macrostructures and micro-macro links of scientific collaboration. At the same time, scientometric methods are limited in the features of scientific collaboration that they can depict and analyze. Such methods rest on quantification, and are therefore restricted to quantifiable aspects of collaboration such as co-authorships, citations, affiliations etc. While scientometric methods can be used to investigate causal relationships, they must be combined with other approaches when causal mechanisms are to be investigated. That is why scientometric analyses often lead to questions that cannot be answered by applying scientometric methods, e.g. questions about causes, promoting and hindering conditions of collaboration. Earlier work provides some interesting starting points for such a discussion. Luukonen et al (1992) put forward some well-argued reasons to explain aspects of international collaboration, such as size of scientific nations, research costs and power relations. One of the questions, they pose is: What role (precisely) does collaboration have in professional achievement? Luukonen et al also suggest that there is a need for greater understanding of the role and importance of national versus international collaboration in various scientific fields. A recent article in JASIST (Hara, Solomon, Kim and Sonnenwald 2003) investigated the challenges that emerge in establishing scientific collaboration. Laudel (2002) delineates six types of collaboration, and indicates that the way of rewarding collaborative contributions varies between these types. Many forms of collaboration are not reflected by formal communication, that is, collaboration is not always visible or measurable through co-authorship. The by-line assessment of collaborative work reflects only co-authorship rather than the full effects of scientific collaboration (Laudel 2001). Attention needs to be given to integrating scientometric data with evidence about the dynamics of the social aspects of scientific work. Social aspects that affect the outcomes of scientific collaboration include the nature of social relations among peers and colleagues, the building of social networks within institutions and their staff, with people in positions of influence within disciplines and fields who shape policy and acceptance of science projects, and with government and ministers who create policies of support and funding mechanisms for science, among others. As shown in studies by Mulkay et al (1975), Latour (1987), Latour and Woolgar (1986), new sources of ideas and information are in part socially derived and, of necessity, shared among scientists at the forefront of their fields. Fluid interactions within and across various social boundaries have to be negotiated and managed for science projects to achieve success. The concept of the common social project, defined as the construction of a research program that embodies the goals, needs, interests or aspirations of actors within a network, is one framework for analyzing collaborative research enterprises that feature a heightened sense of shared social purpose as well as more regular and intense contact (Blume 1987). For this Session sponsored by ISSI and SIG-Metrics, two sets of questions are posed. The first set concerns methodological problems of investigating collaboration such as: * What scientometric indicators can be used in the investigation of collaboration? * What can we do with the 'classical' co-authorship indicator, and which other indicators exist or can be thought of? * What is the possible contribution of mapping to the analysis of collaboration? * What does the aggregation of collaborative ties for organizations, fields and countries mean? How can it be interpreted, given the fact that countries don't collaborate, and that organizations collaborate in a sense different from that of 'direct' scientific collaboration? * What is the possible contribution of web indicators to the analysis of collaboration? A second set of questions concerns theoretical and political issues arising from studies on collaboration: * Where to publish interdisciplinary work? * To whom should credit be given for collaborative work (given that both full and fractional counts assume equal contributions of all collaborators, which is obviously wrong)? * Why is collaborative work cited more often than non-collaborative work? Other questions relevant to this discussion might include: * Has the current emphasis on research collaboration led to greater efficiency, effectiveness, and innovation in science? * Is there any agreement on how to categorize collaboration for examination? For example, some forms of collaboration are difficult to measure quantitatively. * Is there evidence that the emphasis on interdisciplinary solutions to problems provides the impetus for collaboration? * To what extent do government policies and funding directives influence the rate of collaboration? * What are the geographical and interpersonal boundaries of collaboration? * Is face-to-face interaction between members of the group necessary for success? * How much collaborative work is primarily conducted through electronic communication media? * Are there differences in collaborative work negotiated solely through electronic communication media to that conducted in teams that meet frequently or work together in neighboring labs? References Blume, Stuart S. (1987). 'Theoretical significance of cooperative research' in Blume, Stuart; Bunders, Joske; Leydesdorff, Loet; Whitley, Richard eds. The Social Direction of the Public Sciences: Causes and Consequences of Co-operation between Scientists and Non-scientific Groups. Dordrecht, D. Reidel Publ.Co., 1987.:3-38. Haro, N., Solomon, P., Kim, S-L., Sonnenwald, DH (2003). An emerging view of scientific collaboration: Scientists' perspectives on collaboration and factors that impact collaboration. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 54(10): 952-965. Latour, Bruno (1987). Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers Through Society. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Latour, Bruno, Woolgar, Steve (1979/1986). Laboratory Life: the Construction of Scientific Facts. 2nd ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Laudel, G. (2001) Collaboration, creativity and rewards: why and how scientists collaborate. International Journal of Technology Management. 22(7-8):762-781. Laudel, Grit (2002). What do we measure by co-authorships? Research Evaluation. 11(1):3-15. Luukonen, Terttu, Perrson, Olle, and Sivertson, Gunnar (1992). 'Understanding patterns of international scientific collaboration', Science, Technology, & Human Values. 17(1):101-126 Mulkay, M., Gilbert, G.N., Woolgar, S. (1975). Problem areas and research networks in science. Sociology. 9:187-203. From Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Sat Dec 20 14:11:28 2003 From: Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Garfield, Eugene) Date: Sat, 20 Dec 2003 14:11:28 -0500 Subject: Use of SCI-based publicaiton counts by Subbiah Arunachalam in Cur rent Science 25 Nov 2003 Message-ID: Use of SCI-based publication counts This excellent two page article is available free of charge at the URL listed. The author refers to a short piece I published in 1994 about ?Research Fronts?. This appeared in Current Contents under the rubric ?Citation Comments?. Since the print version of Current Contents is generally not available the full text can be found at: http://www.isinet.com/essays/citationanalysis/11.html/ The author?s email address: arun at mssrf.res.in. ________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information on a proactive email security service working around the clock, around the globe, visit http://www.messagelabs.com ________________________________________________________________________ -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Sat Dec 20 17:34:44 2003 From: Garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Garfield, Eugene) Date: Sat, 20 Dec 2003 17:34:44 -0500 Subject: Use of SCI-based publicaiton counts by Subbiah Arunachalam in Cur rent Science 25 Nov 2003 Message-ID: Use of SCI-based publication counts This excellent two page article is available free of charge at http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/nov252003/1391.pdf The author refers to a short piece I published in 1994 about ?Research Fronts?. This appeared in Current Contents under the rubric ?Citation Comments?. Since the print version of Current Contents is generally not available the full text can be found at: http://www.isinet.com/essays/citationanalysis/11.html/ The author?s email address: arun at mssrf.res.in. ________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information on a proactive email security service working around the clock, around the globe, visit http://www.messagelabs.com ________________________________________________________________________ -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From nicolas.perez at MADRID.ORG Mon Dec 22 07:16:27 2003 From: nicolas.perez at MADRID.ORG (Nicolas Perez Mora) Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2003 13:16:27 +0100 Subject: New e-mail address Message-ID: Please note my e-mail address has changed My new one is: nicolas.perez at salud.madrid.org Nicol?s P?rez-Mora ----- Original Message ----- De: "Garfield, Eugene" Fecha: S?bado, Diciembre 20, 2003 11:34 pm Asunto: [SIGMETRICS] Use of SCI-based publicaiton counts by Subbiah Arunachalam in Cur rent Science 25 Nov 2003 > Use of SCI-based publication counts > This excellent two page article is available free of charge at > <" target="l">http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/nov252003/1391.pdf> > http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/nov252003/1391.pdf > > The author refers to a short piece I published in 1994 about ?Research > Fronts?. This appeared in Current Contents under the rubric ?Citation > Comments?. Since the print version of Current Contents is > generally not > available the full text can be found at: > > http://www.isinet.com/essays/citationanalysis/11.html/ > <" > target="l">http://www.isinet.com/essays/citationanalysis/11.html/> > > > The author?s email address: arun at mssrf.res.in. > <" target="l">http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/nov252003/1391.pdf> > > ________________________________ > > ________________________________________________________________________ > This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email > Security System. For more information on a proactive email security > service working around the clock, around the globe, visit > http://www.messagelabs.com > ________________________________________________________________________ From samorri at OKSTATE.EDU Mon Dec 22 21:26:02 2003 From: samorri at OKSTATE.EDU (Steven Morris) Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2003 20:26:02 -0600 Subject: White HD "Author cocitation analysis and ... Message-ID: Dear colleagues, Regarding rxy vs. cosine similarity: When working with a collection of papers downloaded from the Web of Science, where a paper to reference author citation matrix can be extracted, the calculation of cosine similarity and rxy, the correlation coefficient, are both straightforward. Similarity is based on the number of times a pair of authors are cited together. N is the number of papers in the collection, n(i), n(j) is the number of citations received by ref author i and j, n(i,j) is the number of papers citing both ref author i and ref author j. The correlation coefficient is calculated from rxy=[N*n(i,j)-n(i)*n(j)]/sqrt[(N*n(i)-n(i)^2)*(N*n(j)-n(j)^2)] while the cosine similarity is calulated using s=n(i,j)/sqrt[n(i)*n(j)]. If N is large compared to the product of the number of cites received by a pair of authors, then rxy and cosine formula give equal results. See http://samorris.ceat.okstate.edu/web/rxy/default.htm for crossplots of cosine similarity vs. rxy for reference authors from several collections of papers. For collections of papers without domininant reference authors there is very little difference between cosine and rxy. For collections with dominant reference authors that are cited by a large fraction of the total number of papers, rxy can be much less than cosine similarity. Correlation coefficient is problematic in this case because it is possible for pairs of authors with large co-citation counts to have zero rxy. For example, two authors, both cited by half the papers in the collection, but cocited by 1/4 of the papers will have a correlation coefficient of zero but a cosine similarity of 1/2. Also, the correlation coefficient is not defined for any author that is cited by all papers in the collection, since that author has zero variance. Recall that rxy is cov(x,y)/sqrt[var(x)*var(y)], so zero variance drives the denominator to zero in the rxy equation, thus undefined rxy. For this reason it's probably better to use cosine similarity than rxy for ACA analysis based on a paper to ref author matrix. Converting similarities to distances for clustering is less problematic as well. The situation is different for ACA based on a co-citation count matrix. In this case the similarity between two authors is not based on how often they are cited together, but whether the two authors are co-cited in the same proportions among the other authors in the collection. In this case it would seem that rxy would be the appropriate measure of similarity to use. S. Morris Loet Leydesdorff wrote: > > -----Original Message----- > > From: ASIS&T Special Interest Group on Metrics > > [mailto:SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU] On Behalf Of Eugene Garfield > > Sent: Monday, December 01, 2003 9:57 PM > > To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU > > Subject: [SIGMETRICS] White HD "Author cocitation analysis > > and Pearson's r" Journal of the American Society for > > Information Science and Technology 54(13):1250-1259 November 2003, > > > > > > Howard D. White : Howard.Dalby.White at drexel.edu > > > > TITLE Author cocitation analysis and Pearson's r > > > > AUTHOR White HD > > > > JOURNAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION > > SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 54 (13): 1250-1259 NOV 2003 > > Dear Howard and colleagues, > > I read this article with interest and I agree that for most practical > purposes Pearson's r will do a job similar to Salton's cosine. > Nevertheless, the argument of Ahlgren et al. (2002) seems convincing to > me. Scientometric distributions are often highly skewed and the mean can > easily be distorted by the zeros. The cosine elegantly solves this problem. > > A disadvantage of the cosine (in comparison to the r) may be that it > does not become negative in order to indicate dissimilarity. This is > particularly important for the factor analysis. I have thought about > input-ing the cosine matrix into the factor analysis (SPSS allows for > importing a matrix in this analysis), but that seems a bit tricky. > > Caroline Wagner and I did a study on coauthorship relations entitled > "Mapping Global Science using International Coauthorships: A comparison > of 1990 and 2000" (Intern. J. of Technology and Globalization, > forthcoming) in which we used the same matrix for mapping using the > cosine (and then Pajek for the visualization) and for the factor > analysis using Pearson's r. The results are provided as factor plots in > the preprint version of the paper at > http://www.leydesdorff.net/sciencenets/mapping.pdf . > > While the cosine maps exhibit the hierarchy by placing the central > cluster in the center (including the U.S.A. and some Western-European > countries), the factor analysis reveals the main structural axes of the > system as competitive relations between the U.S.A., U.K., and > continental Europe (Germany + Russia). The French system can be > considered as a fourth axis. These eigenvectors function as competitors > for collaboration with authors from other (smaller or more peripheral) > countries. > > Thus, the two measures enable us to show something differently: Salton's > cosine exhibits the hierarchy and one might say that the factor analysis > on the basis of Pearson's r enables us to show the heterarchy among > competing axes in the system. > > With kind regards, > > Loet > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > Loet Leydesdorff > Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR) > Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam > Tel.: +31-20- 525 6598; fax: +31-20- 525 3681 > loet at leydesdorff.net ; > http://www.leydesdorff.net/ > > The Challenge of Scientometrics > ; The > Self-Organization of the Knowledge-Based Society > > > > > > > > > > Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: > > 20 Times Cited: 0 > > > > Abstract: > > In their article "Requirements for a cocitation similarity > > measure, with special reference to Pearson's correlation > > coefficient," Ahlgren, Jarneving, and Rousseau fault > > traditional author cocitation analysis (ACA) for using > > Pearson's r as a measure of similarity between authors > > because it fails two tests of stability of measurement. The > > instabilities arise when rs are recalculated after a first > > coherent group of authors has been augmented by a second > > coherent group with whom the first has little or no > > cocitation. However, AJ&R neither cluster nor map their data > > to demonstrate how fluctuations in rs will mislead the > > analyst, and the problem they pose is remote from both theory > > and practice in traditional ACA. By entering their own rs > > into multidimensional scaling and clustering routines, I show > > that, despite rs fluctuations, clusters based on it are much > > the same for the combined groups as for the separate groups. > > The combined groups when mapped appear as polarized clumps of > > points in two-dimensional space, confirming that differences > > between the groups have become much more important than > > differences within the groups-an accurate portrayal of what > > has happened to the data. Moreover, r produces clusters and > > maps very like those based on other coefficients that AJ&R > > mention as possible replacements, such as a cosine similarity > > measure or a chi square dissimilarity measure. Thus, r > > performs well enough for the purposes of ACA. Accordingly, I > > argue that qualitative information revealing why authors are > > cocited is more important than the cautions proposed in the > > AJ&R critique. I include notes on topics such as handling the > > diagonal in author cocitation matrices, lognormalizing data, > > and testing r for significance. > > > > KeyWords Plus: > > INTELLECTUAL STRUCTURE, SCIENCE > > > > Addresses: > > White HD, Drexel Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, 3152 > > Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Drexel Univ, Coll > > Informat Sci & Technol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA > > > > Publisher: > > JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA > > > > IDS Number: > > 730VQ > > > > > > Cited Author Cited Work Volume > > Page Year > > ID > > > > AHLGREN P J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 54 > > 550 2003 > > BAYER AE J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 > > 444 1990 > > BORGATTI SP UCINET WINDOWS SOFTW > > 2002 > > BORGATTI SP WORKSH SUNB 20 INT S > > 2000 > > DAVISON ML MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCA > > 1983 > > EOM SB J AM SOC INFORM SCI 47 > > 941 1996 > > EVERITT B CLUSTER ANAL > > 1974 > > GRIFFITH BC KEY PAPERS INFORMATI > > R6 1980 > > HOPKINS FL SCIENTOMETRICS 6 > > 33 1984 > > HUBERT L BRIT J MATH STAT PSY 29 > > 190 1976 > > LEYDESDORFF L INFORMERICS 87 88 > > 105 1988 > > MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 > > 433 1990 > > MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 37 > > 111 1986 > > MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 35 > > 351 1984 > > MULLINS NC THEORIES THEORY GROU > > 1973 > > WHITE HD BIBLIOMETRICS SCHOLA > > 84 1990 > > WHITE HD J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 54 > > 423 2003 > > WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 49 > > 327 1998 > > WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 > > 430 1990 > > WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 32 > > 163 1981 > > > > > > When responding, please attach my original message > > ______________________________________________________________ > > _________ > > Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu > > home page: www.eugenegarfield.org > > Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 > > President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com > > Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com > > Past President, American Society for Information Science and > > Technology > > (ASIS&T) www.asis.org > > ______________________________________________________________ > > _________ > > > > > > > > ISSN: > > 1532-2882 > > > -- --------------------------------------------------------------- Steven A. Morris samorri at okstate.edu Electrical and Computer Engineering office: 405-744-1662 202 Engineering So. Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078 http://samorris.ceat.okstate.edu From loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET Tue Dec 23 02:27:29 2003 From: loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET (Loet Leydesdorff) Date: Tue, 23 Dec 2003 08:27:29 +0100 Subject: White HD "Author cocitation analysis and ... In-Reply-To: <3FE7A7BA.1080703@okstate.edu> Message-ID: Dear Steve, Thank you for the interesting contribution. Let me make a few remarks: 1. Why did you reduce the matrices studied to binary ones? ("The (i,j)th element of O(p,ra) is unity if paper i cites reference author j one or more times, zero otherwise." at http://samorris.ceat.okstate.edu/web/rxy/default.htm .) Both r and the cosine are well defined for frequency distributions. The cosine between two vectors x(i) and y(i) is defined as: cosine(x,y) = Sigma(i) x(i)y(i) / sqrt(Sigma(i) x(i)^2) * Sigma(i) y(i)^2)) For those of you who read this in html: In the case of the binary matrix this formula degenerates to the simpler format that you used: cos=n(i,j)/sqrt[n(i)*n(j)] SPSS calls this simpler format the "Ochiai". Salton & McGill (1983) provided the full formula in their "Introduction to Modern Information Retrieval" (Auckland, etc.: McGraw-Hill). There seems no reason to throw away part of the information that is available in your datasets. I would be curious to see how your curves would look like using the full data. I expect some effects. 2. Why would your reasoning not hold for ACA? For rough-and-ready purposes, one may wish to use either measure as White (2003) posits. However, the fundamental points remain the same, isn't it? One could also have a zero variance in an ACA matrix or not? The problem with the zeros signalled by Ahlgren et al. (2003) remains also in this case, isn't it? 3. In addition to the technical differences, there may be differences stemming from the research design that make the researcher decide to use one or the other measure. For example, in a factor analytic design one uses Pearson's r. For mapping purposes one may also consider the Euclidean distance, but this is expected to provide very different results. The theoretical purposes of the research have first to be specified, in my opinion. 4. My interest in this issue is driven by my interest in the evolution of communication systems. One can expect communication systems to develop in different phases like a segmentation, stratification, and differentiation. In a segmented communication system only mutual relations would count. Euclidean distances may be the right measure. In a fully differentiated one, one would expect eigenvector to be spanned orthogonally at the network level. Here factor analysis provides us with insights in the structural differentiation. In the in-between stage a stratified communication system is expected to be hierarchically organized. The grouping is then reduced to a ranking. For this case, the cosine seems a good mapping tool since it organized the "star" of the network in the center of the map (using a visualization tool). Pearson's r in this case has the disadvantages mentioned previously during this discussion. The Jaccard index seems to operate somewhere between the Euclidean distance and the cosine. It focusses on segments, but the interpretation is closer to the cosine than to the Euclidean distance measure. Thus, I am not sure that one should use this measure in an evolutionary analysis. I mentioned the forthcoming paper of Caroline Wagner and me about coauthorship relations (http://www.leydesdorff.net/sciencenets ) in which we showed how the cosine-based analysis and mapping versus the the Pearson-correlation based factor analysis enabled us to explore different aspects of the same matrix. These different aspects can be provided with different interpretations: the hierarchy in the network and the competitive relations among leading countries, respectively. But I still have to develop the fundamental argument more systematically. With kind regards, Loet _____ Loet Leydesdorff Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR) Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam Tel.: +31-20- 525 6598; fax: +31-20- 525 3681 loet at leydesdorff.net ; http://www.leydesdorff.net/ The Challenge of Scientometrics ; The Self-Organization of the Knowledge-Based Society > -----Original Message----- > From: ASIS&T Special Interest Group on Metrics > [mailto:SIGMETRICS at listserv.utk.edu] On Behalf Of Steven Morris > Sent: Tuesday, December 23, 2003 3:26 AM > To: SIGMETRICS at listserv.utk.edu > Subject: Re: [SIGMETRICS] White HD "Author cocitation analysis and ... > > > Dear colleagues, > > Regarding rxy vs. cosine similarity: > > When working with a collection of papers downloaded from the > Web of Science, where a paper to reference author citation > matrix can be extracted, the calculation of cosine similarity > and rxy, the correlation coefficient, are both > straightforward. Similarity is based on the number of times a > pair of authors are cited together. N is the number of papers > in the collection, n(i), n(j) is the number of citations > received by ref author i and j, n(i,j) is the number of > papers citing both ref author i and ref author j. The > correlation coefficient is calculated from > rxy=[N*n(i,j)-n(i)*n(j)]/sqrt[(N*n(i)-n(i)^2)*(N*n(j)-n(j)^2)] > while the cosine similarity is calulated using > s=n(i,j)/sqrt[n(i)*n(j)]. If N is large compared to the > product of the number of cites received by a pair of authors, > then rxy and cosine formula give equal results. See > http://samorris.ceat.okstate.edu/web/rxy/default.htm > for crossplots of cosine similarity vs. rxy for reference > authors from several collections of papers. > > For collections of papers without domininant reference > authors there is very little difference between cosine and > rxy. For collections with dominant reference authors that > are cited by a large fraction of the total number of papers, > rxy can be much less than cosine similarity. > > Correlation coefficient is problematic in this case because > it is possible for pairs of authors with large co-citation > counts to have zero rxy. For example, two authors, both > cited by half the papers in the collection, but cocited by > 1/4 of the papers will have a correlation coefficient of zero > but a cosine similarity of 1/2. Also, the correlation > coefficient is not defined for any author that is cited by > all papers in the collection, since that author has zero > variance. Recall that rxy is cov(x,y)/sqrt[var(x)*var(y)], so > zero variance drives the denominator to zero in the rxy > equation, thus undefined rxy. > > For this reason it's probably better to use cosine similarity > than rxy for ACA analysis based on a paper to ref author > matrix. Converting similarities to distances for clustering > is less problematic as well. > > The situation is different for ACA based on a co-citation > count matrix. In this case the similarity between two authors > is not based on how often they are cited together, but > whether the two authors are co-cited in the same proportions > among the other authors in the collection. In this case it > would seem that rxy would be the appropriate measure of > similarity to use. > > S. Morris > > > > Loet Leydesdorff wrote: > > > -----Original Message----- > > > From: ASIS&T Special Interest Group on Metrics > > > [mailto:SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU] On Behalf Of Eugene > Garfield > > > Sent: Monday, December 01, 2003 9:57 PM > To: > > SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU > Subject: [SIGMETRICS] White > HD "Author > > cocitation analysis > and Pearson's r" Journal of the American > > Society for > Information Science and Technology 54(13):1250-1259 > > November 2003, > > > > > > > Howard D. White : Howard.Dalby.White at drexel.edu > > > > > > TITLE Author cocitation analysis and Pearson's r > > > > > > AUTHOR White HD > > > > > > JOURNAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION > > > SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 54 (13): 1250-1259 NOV 2003 > > > > Dear Howard and colleagues, > > > > I read this article with interest and I agree that for most > practical > > purposes Pearson's r will do a job similar to Salton's cosine. > > Nevertheless, the argument of Ahlgren et al. (2002) seems > convincing > > to me. Scientometric distributions are often highly skewed and the > > mean can easily be distorted by the zeros. The cosine > elegantly solves > > this problem. > > > > A disadvantage of the cosine (in comparison to the r) may > be that it > > does not become negative in order to indicate > dissimilarity. This is > > particularly important for the factor analysis. I have > thought about > > input-ing the cosine matrix into the factor analysis (SPSS > allows for > > importing a matrix in this analysis), but that seems a bit tricky. > > > > Caroline Wagner and I did a study on coauthorship relations > entitled > > "Mapping Global Science using International Coauthorships: A > > comparison of 1990 and 2000" (Intern. J. of Technology and > > Globalization, > > forthcoming) in which we used the same matrix for mapping using the > > cosine (and then Pajek for the visualization) and for the factor > > analysis using Pearson's r. The results are provided as > factor plots in > > the preprint version of the paper at > > http://www.leydesdorff.net/sciencenets/mapping.pdf . > > > > While the cosine maps exhibit the hierarchy by placing the central > > cluster in the center (including the U.S.A. and some > Western-European > > countries), the factor analysis reveals the main structural axes of > > the system as competitive relations between the U.S.A., U.K., and > > continental Europe (Germany + Russia). The French system can be > > considered as a fourth axis. These eigenvectors function as > > competitors for collaboration with authors from other > (smaller or more > > peripheral) countries. > > > > Thus, the two measures enable us to show something differently: > > Salton's cosine exhibits the hierarchy and one might say that the > > factor analysis on the basis of Pearson's r enables us to show the > > heterarchy among competing axes in the system. > > > > With kind regards, > > > > Loet > > > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > -- > > Loet Leydesdorff > > Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR) > > Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam > > Tel.: +31-20- 525 6598; fax: +31-20- 525 3681 > > loet at leydesdorff.net ; > > http://www.leydesdorff.net/ > > > > The Challenge of Scientometrics > > ; The > > Self-Organization of the Knowledge-Based Society > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Document type: Article Language: English Cited > References: > 20 > > Times Cited: 0 > > > > Abstract: > > > In their article "Requirements for a cocitation similarity > > > measure, with special reference to Pearson's correlation > > > coefficient," Ahlgren, Jarneving, and Rousseau fault > > > traditional author cocitation analysis (ACA) for using > > > Pearson's r as a measure of similarity between authors > > > because it fails two tests of stability of measurement. The > > > instabilities arise when rs are recalculated after a first > > > coherent group of authors has been augmented by a second > > > coherent group with whom the first has little or no > > > cocitation. However, AJ&R neither cluster nor map their data > > > to demonstrate how fluctuations in rs will mislead the > > > analyst, and the problem they pose is remote from both theory > > > and practice in traditional ACA. By entering their own rs > > > into multidimensional scaling and clustering routines, I show > > > that, despite rs fluctuations, clusters based on it are much > > > the same for the combined groups as for the separate groups. > > > The combined groups when mapped appear as polarized clumps of > > > points in two-dimensional space, confirming that differences > > > between the groups have become much more important than > > > differences within the groups-an accurate portrayal of what > > > has happened to the data. Moreover, r produces clusters and > > > maps very like those based on other coefficients that AJ&R > > > mention as possible replacements, such as a cosine similarity > > > measure or a chi square dissimilarity measure. Thus, r > > > performs well enough for the purposes of ACA. Accordingly, I > > > argue that qualitative information revealing why authors are > > > cocited is more important than the cautions proposed in the > > > AJ&R critique. I include notes on topics such as handling the > > > diagonal in author cocitation matrices, lognormalizing data, > > > and testing r for significance. > > > > > > KeyWords Plus: > > > INTELLECTUAL STRUCTURE, SCIENCE > > > > > > Addresses: > > > White HD, Drexel Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, 3152 > > > Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Drexel Univ, Coll > > > Informat Sci & Technol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA > > > > > > Publisher: > > > JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA > > > > > > IDS Number: > > > 730VQ > > > > > > > > > Cited Author Cited Work Volume > > > Page Year > > > ID > > > > > > AHLGREN P J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 54 > > > 550 2003 > > > BAYER AE J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 > > > 444 1990 > > > BORGATTI SP UCINET WINDOWS SOFTW > > > 2002 > > > BORGATTI SP WORKSH SUNB 20 INT S > > > 2000 > > > DAVISON ML MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCA > > > 1983 > > > EOM SB J AM SOC INFORM SCI 47 > > > 941 1996 > > > EVERITT B CLUSTER ANAL > > > 1974 > > > GRIFFITH BC KEY PAPERS INFORMATI > > > R6 1980 > > > HOPKINS FL SCIENTOMETRICS 6 > > > 33 1984 > > > HUBERT L BRIT J MATH STAT PSY 29 > > > 190 1976 > > > LEYDESDORFF L INFORMERICS 87 88 > > > 105 1988 > > > MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 > > > 433 1990 > > > MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 37 > > > 111 1986 > > > MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 35 > > > 351 1984 > > > MULLINS NC THEORIES THEORY GROU > > > 1973 > > > WHITE HD BIBLIOMETRICS SCHOLA > > > 84 1990 > > > WHITE HD J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 54 > > > 423 2003 > > > WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 49 > > > 327 1998 > > > WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 > > > 430 1990 > > > WHITE HD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 32 > > > 163 1981 > > > > > > > > > When responding, please attach my original message > > > ______________________________________________________________ > > > _________ > > > Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu > > > home page: www.eugenegarfield.org > > > Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 > > > President, The Scientist LLC. www.the-scientist.com > > > Chairman Emeritus, ISI www.isinet.com > > > Past President, American Society for Information Science and > > > Technology > > > (ASIS&T) www.asis.org > > > ______________________________________________________________ > > > _________ > > > > > > > > > > > > ISSN: > > > 1532-2882 > > > > > > > > -- > --------------------------------------------------------------- > Steven A. Morris samorri at okstate.edu > Electrical and Computer Engineering office: 405-744-1662 > 202 Engineering So. > Oklahoma State University > Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078 > http://samorris.ceat.okstate.edu > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: image021.gif Type: image/gif Size: 1318 bytes Desc: not available URL: