From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Mar 4 15:08:57 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 4 Mar 2002 15:08:57 -0500 Subject: Furmanski M "Citation of unethical research" and reply by DT. Dennis, T.V. Inglesby, T O'Toole, D.A. Henderson JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 287 (4): 452-453 JAN 23 2002 Message-ID: FULL TEXT OF BOTH LETTERS AVAILABLE AT : http://jama.ama-assn.org/issues/v287n4/ffull/jlt0123-5.html TITLE Citation of unethical research AUTHOR Furmanski M JOURNAL JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 287 (4): 452-453 JAN 23 2002 Document type: Letter Language: English Cited References: 5 Times Cited: 0 Publisher: AMER MEDICAL ASSOC, CHICAGO IDS Number: 513VX ISSN: 0098-7484 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *WORLD MED ASS JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 284 3043 2000 DENNIS DT JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 285 2763 2001 IVERSON C AM MED ASS MANUAL ST 140 1998 MCCRUMB FR T ASSOC AM PHYSICIAN 70 74 1957 SAWYER WD BACTERIOL REV 30 542 1966 ____________________________________________________________________________ TITLE Citation of unethical research - Reply AUTHOR Dennis DT, Inglesby TV, O'Toole T, Henderson DA JOURNAL JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 287 (4): 453-453 JAN 23 2002 Document type: Letter Language: English Cited References: 5 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: Dennis DT, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Civilian Biodef Studies, Baltimore, MD USA Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Civilian Biodef Studies, Baltimore, MD USA Publisher: AMER MEDICAL ASSOC, CHICAGO IDS Number: 513VX ISSN: 0098-7484 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *OFF REG COMP PENN HUM SUBJ POL MAN 2001 *WORLD MED ASS JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 284 3043 2000 JESTER MJ HIST INFORMED CONSEN 2001 MCCRUMB FR T ASSOC AM PHYSICIAN 70 74 1957 SAWYER WD BACTERIOL REV 30 542 1966 ___________________________________________________________________________ When responding, please attach my original message ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eugene Garfield, Ph.D. E-mail: mailto:garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu Web site: http://www.eugenegarfield.org From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Mar 4 17:04:47 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 4 Mar 2002 17:04:47 -0500 Subject: Wikgren M "Health discussions on the Internet: A study of knowledge communication through citations" LIBRARY & INFORMATION SCIENCE RESEARCH 23 (4): 305-317 2001 Message-ID: Marianne Wikgren : marianne.wikgren at abo.fi TITLE Health discussions on the Internet: A study of knowledge communication through citations AUTHOR Wikgren M JOURNAL LIBRARY & INFORMATION SCIENCE RESEARCH 23 (4): 305-317 2001 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 25 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: The Internet is a convenient but complex source for health information used by an increasing number of health consumers. Especially for people suffering from a chronic illness (e.g., diabetes), information seeking forms a part of the daily management of the disease, a "project of life." This study of Web texts examines the citation patterns for a specific and controversial health issue: the beneficial or hazardous use of dietary chromium supplementation in diabetes self-management. Texts from different categories of Web sources (scientific, professional, educational, and commercial sources, as well as diabetes discussion groups)were analyzed in order to study how knowledge is transferred between sources, and how diabetics participating in discussion groups refer to and make sense of the information from different sources on the Internet. The citation patterns suggest that deviations from the traditional models of scientific knowledge dissemination can occur in the Internet environment. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. KeyWords Plus: INFORMATION, BEHAVIOR, CHROMIUM Addresses: Wikgren M, Abo Akad Univ, Dept Informat Studies, Tavastgatan 13, FIN-20500 Turku, Finland Abo Akad Univ, Dept Informat Studies, FIN-20500 Turku, Finland Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, NEW YORK IDS Number: 507GA ISSN: 0740-8188 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ANDERSON RA DIABETES METAB 26 22 2000 BACKER TE DESIGNING HLTH COMMU 1992 BERLAND GK JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 285 2612 2001 BUCCHI M SCI MEDIA ALTERNATIV 1998 CASE DO J AM SOC INFORM SCI 51 635 2000 CASSELL MM J HEALTH COMMUN 3 71 1998 CLOITRE M EXPOSITORY SCI FORMS 31 1985 CONRAD P PUBLIC UNDERST SCI 8 285 1999 DESAI NS J AM PHARM ASSOC 37 391 1997 EYSENBACH G BRIT MED J 317 1496 1998 FERGUSON T JOINT COMM J QUAL IM 23 251 1997 FLANAGIN AJ JOURNALISM MASS COMM 77 515 2000 GIBSON CH J ADV NURS 16 354 1991 GILBERT GN SOC STUD SCI 7 113 1977 LUTPON D IMPERATIVE HLTH PUBL 1995 OHRN I THESIS U GOTHENBURG 2000 RHEINGOLD H VIRTUAL COMMUNITY 1993 SAVOLAINEN R LIBR INFORM SCI RES 17 259 1995 SEABOLDT JA AM J HEALTH-SYST PH 54 1732 1997 STEARNS DM FASEB J 9 1643 1995 TROW LG INT J VITAM NUTR RES 70 14 2000 WHITLEY R EXPOSITORY SCI FORMS 3 1985 WILSON P 2 HAND KNOWLEDGE INQ 1983 WILSON TD INFORM PROCESS MANAG 33 551 1997 WYNNE B SCI TECHNOL 161 111 1991 When responding, please attach my original message ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eugene Garfield, Ph.D. E-mail: mailto:garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu Web site: http://www.eugenegarfield.org Telephone: (215)243-2205 Fax: (215)387-1266 Past President, American Society for Information Science & Technology http://www.asis.org Chairman Emeritus, Institute for Scientific Information ( ISI), http://www.isinet.com 3501 Market St , Philadelphia, PA 19104-3389, Pres.,Ed.-in-Chief, The Scientist, http://www.the-scientist.com 3535 Market St , Philadelphia, PA 19104-3385, ______________________________________________________________ From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Mar 4 17:09:38 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 4 Mar 2002 17:09:38 -0500 Subject: Huber JC "A new model that generates Lotka's Law" JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 53 (3): 209-219 FEB 1 2002 Message-ID: John C. Huber : jchuber at inventionandinnovation.org Title A new model that generates Lotka's Law Author Huber JC Journal JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 53 (3): 209-219 FEB 1 2002 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 48 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: In this paper, we develop a new model for a process that generates Lotka's Law. We show that four relatively mild assumptions create a process that fits five different informetric distributions: rate of production, career duration, randomness, and Poisson distribution overtime, as well as Lotka's Law. By simulation, we obtain good fits to three empirical samples that exhibit the extreme range of the observed parameters. The overall error is 7% or less. An advantage of this model is that the parameters can be linked to observable human factors. That is, the model is not merely descriptive, but also provides insight into the causes of differences between samples. Furthermore, the differences can be tested with powerful statistical tools. KeyWords Plus: SUCCESS-BREEDS-SUCCESS, INFORMETRIC DISTRIBUTIONS, CUMULATIVE ADVANTAGE, SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTIVITY, INVENTIVE PRODUCTIVITY, STATISTICS, RANDOMNESS, CREATIVITY, PUBLICATION, EXCEEDANCES Addresses: Huber JC, Inst Invent & Innovat, 500 E Anderson Ln,Suite 238-X, Austin, TX 78752 USA Inst Invent & Innovat, Austin, TX 78752 USA Publisher: JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, NEW YORK IDS Number: 516TZ ISSN: 1532-2882 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ALLISON PD AM SOCIOL REV 47 615 1982 ALLISON PD AM SOCIOL REV 39 596 1974 ALLISON PD SOC STUD SCI 10 163 1980 BIRR K PIONEERING IND RES S 1957 BOOKSTEIN A J AM SOC INFORM SCI 48 2 1997 BOOKSTEIN A J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 376 1990 BOORSTEIN DJ AM DEMOCRATIC EXPERI 1973 BOWSWELL MT ENCY STAT SCI 7 25 1986 BRODERICK JT WR WHITNEY PIONEER I 1945 BURRELL QL J AM SOC INFORM SCI 44 61 1993 DUFOUR JM COMMUN STAT THEORY 15 2953 1986 EGGHE L J AM SOC INFORM SCI 46 426 1995 EISENBERGER R PSYCHOL REV 99 248 1992 ENGELHARDT M EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBU 73 1995 EPSTEIN R COGNITION CREATIVITY 1993 FEDOROWICZ J J AM SOC INFORM SCI 33 285 1982 FOX MF SOC STUD SCI 13 285 1983 GLAENZEL W INFORMETRICS 89 90 139 1990 HEWETT JE EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBU 453 1995 HUBER JC COMMUN STAT-SIMUL C 29 1165 2000 HUBER JC CREATIVITY RES J 11 231 1998 HUBER JC IN PRESS IDENTIFYING HUBER JC IN PRESS J AM SOC IN HUBER JC INFORM PROCESS MANAG 34 471 1998 HUBER JC J AM SOC INFORM SCI 49 471 1998 HUBER JC J CREATIVE BEHAV 34 203 2000 HUBER JC J CREATIVE BEHAV 32 58 1998 HUBER JC SCIENTOMETRICS 50 323 2001 HUBER JC SCIENTOMETRICS 50 437 2001 HUBER JC SCIENTOMETRICS 45 33 1999 JOHNSON NL CONTINUOUS UNIVARIAT 1 1994 JOHNSON NL UNIVARIATE DISCRETE 1993 JOHNSTEINER V MIND CULTURE ACTIVIT 2 2 1995 LOTKA AJ J WASHINGTON ACADEMY 16 317 1926 NARIN F RES POLICY 24 507 1995 PAO ML J AM SOC INFORM SCI 37 26 1986 PICKANDS J ANN STAT 3 119 1975 PRICE DJD J AM SOC INFORM SCI 27 292 1976 RAO IKR J AM SOC INFORM SCI 32 111 1980 ROUSSEAU R J AM SOC INFORM SCI 43 391 1992 SCHUBERT A SCIENTOMETRICS 6 149 1984 SHOCKLEY W P IRE 47 279 1957 SICHEL HS J AM SOC INFORM SCI 36 314 1985 SIMON HA BIOMETRIKA 42 425 1955 TAGUE J J AM SOC INFORM SCI 32 280 1981 WAGNERDOBLER R J DOC 51 28 1995 WAGNERDOBLER R SCIENTOMETRICS 46 213 1999 WAGNERDOBLER R SCIENTOMETRICS 32 123 1995 When responding, please attach my original message ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eugene Garfield, Ph.D. E-mail: mailto:garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu Web site: http://www.eugenegarfield.org Telephone: (215)243-2205 Fax: (215)387-1266 Past President, American Society for Information Science & Technology http://www.asis.org Chairman Emeritus, Institute for Scientific Information ( ISI), http://www.isinet.com 3501 Market St , Philadelphia, PA 19104-3389, Pres.,Ed.-in-Chief, The Scientist, http://www.the-scientist.com 3535 Market St , Philadelphia, PA 19104-3385, ______________________________________________________________ From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Mar 4 17:13:43 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 4 Mar 2002 17:13:43 -0500 Subject: Jin BH, Rousseau R "An introduction to the barycentre method with an application to China's mean centre of publication" JOURNAL LIBRI 51 (4): 225-233 DEC 2001 Message-ID: BIHUI JIN: csci at mail.las.ac.cn TITLE An introduction to the barycentre method with an application to China's mean centre of publication AUTHOR Jin BH, Rousseau R JOURNAL LIBRI 51 (4): 225-233 DEC 2001 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 14 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: We explain the barycentre method and show how to apply it in a practical situation. A country's mean centre of publication, or publication barycentre, is defined and its evolution is studied in the case of China's centre of publication. Data for this application are taken from the Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD). It is shown that China's publication barycentre slowly moves to the south and that it approaches the population barycentre. Tentative explanations for this southward movement, based on economic and educational considerations, are given. It is observed that inequality in publication between administrative units (regions) decreases slowly. Addresses: Jin BH, Chinese Acad Sci, Documentat & Informat Ctr, DICCAS, 8 Kexueyuan Nanlu, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci, Documentat & Informat Ctr, DICCAS, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China Univ Instelling Antwerp, KHBO, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium Publisher: K G SAUR VERLAG KG, MUNICH IDS Number: 510LN ISSN: 0024-2667 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *URL GETT THES GEOGR NAM ALLISON PD SOC STUD SCI 10 163 1980 BARTLETT AA AM J PHYS 53 242 1985 EGGHE L INTRO INFORMETRICS Q 1990 EGGHE L SCIENTOMETRICS 52 261 2001 JIN B CHINESE J SCI TECHNI 8 17 1997 JIN BH SCIENTOMETRICS 45 325 1999 ROUSSEAU B CYBERMETRICS 4 2000 ROUSSEAU R 2 INT S QUANT EV RES 2000 ROUSSEAU R J AM SOC INFORM SCI 43 391 1992 ROUSSEAU R J DOC 57 349 2001 ROUSSEAU R REV FRANCAISE BIBLIO 4 50 1989 ROUSSEAU R REV FRANCAISE BIBLIO 4 65 1989 YOU G 1 ALL CHIN S EV S T 2000 When responding, please attach my original message ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Eugene Garfield, Ph.D. E-mail: mailto:garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu Web site: http://www.eugenegarfield.org Telephone: (215)243-2205 Fax: (215)387-1266 Past President, American Society for Information Science & Technology http://www.asis.org Chairman Emeritus, Institute for Scientific Information ( ISI), http://www.isinet.com 3501 Market St , Philadelphia, PA 19104-3389, Pres.,Ed.-in-Chief, The Scientist, http://www.the-scientist.com 3535 Market St , Philadelphia, PA 19104-3385, ______________________________________________________________ From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Mar 4 17:18:57 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 4 Mar 2002 17:18:57 -0500 Subject: Verner JM, Evanco WM, McCain KW, Hislop GW, Cole VJ "The determinants of visibility of software engineering researchers" JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 59 (1): 99-106 OCT 15 2001 Message-ID: June Verner : june.verner at cis.drexel.edu TITLE The determinants of visibility of software engineering researchers AUTHOR Verner JM, Evanco WM, McCain KW, Hislop GW, Cole VJ JOURNAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 59 (1): 99-106 OCT 15 2001 Document type: Article Language: English cited References: 7 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: The objective of this paper is to examine the visibility of software engineers who are highly cited in the literature and to present an analysis of the predictors of this visibility. We selected 59 leading software engineering researchers (the subjects) from a much larger group of well-respected software engineers using three criteria: (I) frequency of co-citation for the period 1991-1997, (2) extent to which the research is representative within the field, and (3) adequate coverage of the software engineering subject field. The visibility of the subjects was determined by asking other software engineers to classify each of the subjects by research area. The percentage of respondents who were able to identify the subject by his/her research area was taken as a measure of that subject's visibility. A number of variables were used to explain visibility including the area of expertise, the breadth of the research, and the vintage and form of publication of the subjects' most cited work. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. Author Keywords: software engineering, co-citation analysis, research specialties, software engineer visibility, logistics analysis Addresses: Verner JM, Drexel Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Drexel Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, NEW YORK IDS Number: 510NT ISSN: 0164-1212 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year BIGLAN A J APPL PSYCHOL 57 195 1978 BROOKS FP MYTHICAL MAN MONTH E 1975 GLASS RL J SYST SOFTWARE 43 1 1998 MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 433 1990 MCCAIN KW J AM SOC INFORM SCI 37 111 1988 PARNAS DL COMMUN ACM 15 12 1972 WHITE HD ANNU REV INFORM SCI 24 119 1989 When responding, please attach my original message ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Eugene Garfield, Ph.D. E-mail: mailto:garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu Web site: http://www.eugenegarfield.org Telephone: (215)243-2205 Fax: (215)387-1266 Past President, American Society for Information Science & Technology http://www.asis.org Chairman Emeritus, Institute for Scientific Information ( ISI), http://www.isinet.com 3501 Market St , Philadelphia, PA 19104-3389, Pres.,Ed.-in-Chief, The Scientist, http://www.the-scientist.com 3535 Market St , Philadelphia, PA 19104-3385, ______________________________________________________________ From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Mar 4 17:22:43 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 4 Mar 2002 17:22:43 -0500 Subject: Langfeldt L " The decision-making constraints and processes of grant peer review,and their effects on the review outcome" SOCIAL STUDIES OF SCIENCE 31 (6): 820-841 DEC 2001 Message-ID: Liv Langfeldt : liv.langfeldt at nifu.no TITLE The decision-making constraints and processes of grant peer review, and their effects on the review outcome AUTHOR Langfeldt L JOURNAL SOCIAL STUDIES OF SCIENCE 31 (6): 820-841 DEC 2001 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 24 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: When distributing grants, research councils use peer expertise as a guarantee for supporting the best projects. However, there are no clear norms for assessments, and there may be a large variation in what criteria reviewers emphasize - and how they are emphasized. The determinants of peer review may therefore be accidental, in the sense that who reviews what research and how reviews are organized may determine outcomes. This paper deals with how the review process affects the outcome of grant review. The case study considers the procedures of The Research Council of Norway, which practises several different grant-review models, and consequently is especially suited for explorations of the implications of different models. Data sources are direct observation of panel meetings, interviews with panel members and study of applications and review documents. A central finding is that rating scales and budget restrictions are more important than review guidelines for the kind of criteria applied by the reviewers. The decision-making methods applied by the review panels when ranking proposals are found to have substantial effects on the outcome. Some ranking methods tend to support uncontroversial and safe projects, whereas other methods give better chances for scholarly pluralism and controversial research. Author Keywords: criteria, grant review practices, Norway, policy objectives, research councils KeyWords Plus: STANDS TODAY, SCIENCE, SCIENTIST, JOURNALS Addresses: Langfeldt L, NIFU, Norwegian Inst Studies Res & High Educ, Sci Policy Studies Sect, Hegdenhaugsveien 31, N-0352 Oslo, Norway NIFU, Norwegian Inst Studies Res & High Educ, Sci Policy Studies Sect, N-0352 Oslo, Norway Publisher: SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 509KT ISSN: 0306-3127 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *NIH EP COMM RAT GRANT AP 1996 ABRAMS PA SOC STUD SCI 21 111 1991 CAMPANARIO JM SCI COMMUN 19 181 1998 CAMPANARIO JM SCI COMMUN 19 277 1998 CAMPANARIO JM SOC STUD SCI 23 342 1993 CHASE JM AM SOCIOL 5 262 1970 CHUBIN DE PEERLESS SCI 1990 CICCHETTI DV BEHAV BRAIN SCI 14 119 1991 COLE S SCIENCE 214 885 1981 DANIEL HD GUARDIANS SCI FAIRNE 1993 DIRK L SOC STUD SCI 29 765 1999 GULBRANDSEN M 997 NORW I STUD RES 1997 HARNAD S SCI TECHNOL 10 55 1985 HEMLIN S SCIENTOMETRICS 27 3 1993 LANGFELDT L 1298 NOW I STUD RES 1998 LUUKKONEN T RES EVALUAT 1 21 1991 MAHONEY MJ COGNITIVE THERAPY RE 1 161 1977 MCLEAN I PUBLIC CHOICE 1987 NISSANI M SOC STUD SCI 25 165 1995 RAVETZ JR SCI KNOWLEDGE ITS SO 274 1971 RIP A HIGH EDUC 28 16 1994 TRAVIS GDL SCI TECHNOL 16 322 1991 WENNERAS C NATURE 387 341 1997 WOOD FQ 54 AUSTR RES COUNC N 1997 When responding, please attach my original message ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Eugene Garfield, Ph.D. E-mail: mailto:garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu Web site: http://www.eugenegarfield.org Telephone: (215)243-2205 Fax: (215)387-1266 Past President, American Society for Information Science & Technology http://www.asis.org Chairman Emeritus, Institute for Scientific Information ( ISI), http://www.isinet.com 3501 Market St , Philadelphia, PA 19104-3389, Pres.,Ed.-in-Chief, The Scientist, http://www.the-scientist.com 3535 Market St , Philadelphia, PA 19104-3385, ______________________________________________________________ From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Mar 5 13:39:40 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Tue, 5 Mar 2002 13:39:40 -0500 Subject: Uzun A, "National patterns of research output and priorities in renewable energy" Energy Policy 30(2):131-136 January 2002 Message-ID: ALI UZUN : azun at metu.edu.tr TITLE: National patterns of research output and priorities in renewable energy AUTHOR: Uzun A JOURNAL:ENERGY POLICY 30 (2): 131-136 JAN 2002 Document type: Article Language: English Times Cited: 0 EXCERPT FROM PAPER : "2. DATA AND METHODOLOGY The data on publication output of 25 major countries in nine subjects (see Appendix A, and 2 for the names of the countries, and the details of the nine subjects respectively) of renewable energy were compiled from the CD-ROM versions of the Science Citation Index (SCI) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) databases for two time-spans: indexing years: 1996-1997 and 1998-1999. The period of two years is considered as minimum essential to smoothen, as far as possible, the year-to-year fluctuations in the publication output of individual countries in different subjects. These countries are selected on the basis of their publication output in 1998-1999. The CD-ROMs were scanned through the "abstract-word search field" to compile the data. SCI and SSCI databases have been used frequently in recent years as a bibliometric tool for cross-national comparisons of publication profiles in different fields (Moed et al., 1995; Braun et al, 1995; Uzun, 1996; Bhattacharya, 1997)." Abstract: This paper attempts to compare the research Output and priorities of 25 major Countries in renewable energy research. The main objective is to assess the research priorities of the major countries in frontier areas subjects of renewable energy using some bibliometric measures based on renewable energy literature. Subjects of high activity and Subjects of low activity are identified for two time periods ( 1996-1997 and 1998 1999). Our findings, show that the output of publications including articles. reviews. letters, notes, editorials, and book reviews of India, Greece, and Belgium declined between 1996-1997 and 1998 1999. All measures indicate that in the USA all subjects of renewable energy received more or less the same priority, The rest of the countries had differentiated high- or low- priority profiles in different subjects. Among the main research subjects of renewable energy only photovoltaic technology (PV) had a fairly homogenous profile for all countries. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Author Keywords: renewable energy, research output, research priority KeyWords Plus: PHYSICS Addresses: Uzun A, Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey Publisher: ELSEVIER SCI LTD, OXFORD IDS Number: 512MZ ISSN: 0301-4215 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- BARRE R SCI TECHNOLOGY STUDI 5 32 1987 BHATTACHARYA S JERUSALEM ISRAEL 1 1997 BRAUN T SCIENTOMETRICS 33 263 1995 FRAME JD INTERSCIENCIA 2 143 1977 MOED HF SCIENTOMETRICS 33 381 1995 OJASOO T NATURE 70 172 1994 UZUN A INT INF LIBR REV 30 169 1998 UZUN A SCIENTOMETRICS 36 259 1996 VANDEVEN AH MANAING ASSESSING OR 1984 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Mar 5 13:52:33 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Tue, 5 Mar 2002 13:52:33 -0500 Subject: Burrell Q, "Will this paper ever be cited?" Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 53(3):232-235 February 1, 2002 Message-ID: QUENTIN BURRELL: quentinburrell at manx.net TITLE Will this paper ever be cited? AUTHOR Burrell OL JOURNAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 53 (3): 232-235 FEB 1 2002 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 10 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: A recently proposed stochastic model to describe the citation process in the presence of obsolescence is used to answer the question: If a paper has not been cited by time t after its publication, what is the probability that it will ever be cited? KeyWords Plus: LIBRARY CIRCULATION MODEL Addresses: Burrell OL, 119 Friary Pk, Ballabeg IM9 4EX, Man, England Publisher: JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, NEW YORK IDS Number: 516TZ ISSN: 1532-2882 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- BURRELL QL J AM SOC INFORM SCI 41 164 1990 BURRELL QL J DOC 43 24 1987 BURRELL QL J DOC 42 114 1986 BURRELL QL J DOC 41 100 1985 BURRELL QL SCIENTOMETRICS 52 3 2001 EGGHE L INFORM PROCESS MANAG 28 201 1992 EGGHE L SCIENTOMETRICS 48 345 2000 GLANZEL W INFORM PROCESS MANAG 28 53 1992 ROUSSEAU R SCIENTOMETRICS 30 213 1994 VANRAAN AJF INFORMETRICS 87 88 293 1988 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Mar 12 14:22:01 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Tue, 12 Mar 2002 14:22:01 -0500 Subject: Krell, FT "Why impact factors don't work for taxonomy" Nature 415(6875): 957 February 28, 2002 Message-ID: COMPLETE CORRESPONDENCE LISTED BELOW, STARTING WITH F.T. KRELL'S LETTER TO NATURE - "Impact factors aren't relevant to Nature" E. GARFIELD'S RESPONSE TO KRELL'S LETTER "Taxonomy is small, but it has its Citation Classics" AND F.T. KRELL'S RESPONSE TO E. GARFIELD'S LETTER "Why Impact Factors don't work for taxonomy" ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ FRANK-THORSTEN KRELL E-mail: F.Krell at nhm.ac.uk F.T. KRELL'S RESPONSE TO E. GARFIELD'S LETTER IN NATURE 413 (6852): 107-107 SEP 13 2001 TITLE Why impact factors don't work for taxonomy AUTHOR Krell FT JOURNAL NATURE 415 (6875): 957-957 FEB 28 2002 Document type: Letter Language: English Cited References: 5 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: Krell FT, Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, London SW7 5BD, England Publisher: MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 525MF ISSN: 0028-0836 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ADAM D NATURE 415 726 2002 GARFIELD E NATURE 413 107 2001 KOHLER F THESIS U KOLN 195 1988 KRELL FT NATURE 405 507 2000 VANDERVELDE G NATURE 414 148 2001 ____________________________________________________________________________ E. GARFIELD'S RESPONSE TO F.T. Krell's LETTER IN NATURE 405 (6786): 507-508 JUN 1 2000 TITLE Taxonomy is small, but it has its citation classics AUTHOR Garfield E JOURNAL NATURE 413 (6852): 107-107 SEP 13 2001 Document type: Letter Language: English Cited References: 1 Times Cited: 2 Addresses: Garfield E, Inst Sci Informat, 3501 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Inst Sci Informat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Publisher: MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 471FU ISSN: 0028-0836 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year KRELL FT NATURE 405 507 2000 ____________________________________________________________________________ ORIGINAL LETTER FROM F.T. KRELL TO NATURE TITLE Impact factors aren't relevant to taxonomy AUTHOR Krell FT JOURNAL NATURE 405 (6786): 507-508 JUN 1 2000 Document type: Letter Language: English Cited References: 1 Times Cited: 3 Addresses: Krell FT, Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Cromwell Rd, London SW3 5BD, England Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, London SW3 5BD, England Publisher: MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 321HF ISSN: 0028-0836 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year NATURE 403 698 2000 From quentinburrell at MANX.NET Tue Mar 12 17:15:05 2002 From: quentinburrell at MANX.NET (Quentin L. Burrell) Date: Tue, 12 Mar 2002 22:15:05 -0000 Subject: Krell, FT "Why impact factors don't work for taxonomy" Nature 415(6875): 957 February 28, 2002 In-Reply-To: <200203121922.g2CGNlCL014091@panther.mail.utk.edu> Message-ID: Gene Can this correspondence be made available in full to the group? It could generate some possibly fruitful discussion and invigorate the list. Quentin -----Original Message----- From: ASIS Special Interest Group on Metrics [mailto:SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU]On Behalf Of Eugene Garfield Sent: 12 March 2002 19:22 To: SIGMETRICS at LISTSERV.UTK.EDU Subject: [SIGMETRICS] Krell, FT "Why impact factors don't work for taxonomy" Nature 415(6875): 957 February 28, 2002 COMPLETE CORRESPONDENCE LISTED BELOW, STARTING WITH F.T. KRELL'S LETTER TO NATURE - "Impact factors aren't relevant to Nature" E. GARFIELD'S RESPONSE TO KRELL'S LETTER "Taxonomy is small, but it has its Citation Classics" AND F.T. KRELL'S RESPONSE TO E. GARFIELD'S LETTER "Why Impact Factors don't work for taxonomy" ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ FRANK-THORSTEN KRELL E-mail: F.Krell at nhm.ac.uk F.T. KRELL'S RESPONSE TO E. GARFIELD'S LETTER IN NATURE 413 (6852): 107-107 SEP 13 2001 TITLE Why impact factors don't work for taxonomy AUTHOR Krell FT JOURNAL NATURE 415 (6875): 957-957 FEB 28 2002 Document type: Letter Language: English Cited References: 5 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: Krell FT, Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, London SW7 5BD, England Publisher: MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 525MF ISSN: 0028-0836 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ADAM D NATURE 415 726 2002 GARFIELD E NATURE 413 107 2001 KOHLER F THESIS U KOLN 195 1988 KRELL FT NATURE 405 507 2000 VANDERVELDE G NATURE 414 148 2001 ____________________________________________________________________________ E. GARFIELD'S RESPONSE TO F.T. Krell's LETTER IN NATURE 405 (6786): 507-508 JUN 1 2000 TITLE Taxonomy is small, but it has its citation classics AUTHOR Garfield E JOURNAL NATURE 413 (6852): 107-107 SEP 13 2001 Document type: Letter Language: English Cited References: 1 Times Cited: 2 Addresses: Garfield E, Inst Sci Informat, 3501 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Inst Sci Informat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Publisher: MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 471FU ISSN: 0028-0836 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year KRELL FT NATURE 405 507 2000 ____________________________________________________________________________ ORIGINAL LETTER FROM F.T. KRELL TO NATURE TITLE Impact factors aren't relevant to taxonomy AUTHOR Krell FT JOURNAL NATURE 405 (6786): 507-508 JUN 1 2000 Document type: Letter Language: English Cited References: 1 Times Cited: 3 Addresses: Krell FT, Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Cromwell Rd, London SW3 5BD, England Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, London SW3 5BD, England Publisher: MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 321HF ISSN: 0028-0836 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year NATURE 403 698 2000 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Mar 12 17:23:15 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Tue, 12 Mar 2002 17:23:15 -0500 Subject: McHorney CA "Looking forward, looking back" Medical Care 40(2):79-80 Feb 2002 Message-ID: The new editors of this journal express their pleasure about being ranked third of four journals in the JCR category for "Healthcare" Colleen A. McHorney, Ph.D. e-MAIL : cmchorney at regenstrief.org TITLE Looking forward, looking back AUTHOR McHorney CA, Ashton CM JOURNAL MEDICAL CARE 40 (2): 79-80 FEB 2002 Document type: Editorial Material Language: English Cited References: 6 Times Cited: 0 Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, PHILADELPHIA IDS Number: 517DB ISSN: 0025-7079 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year GARFIELD E CMAJ 979 1999 WEINBERGER M MED CARE 39 1 2001 WEINBERGER M MED CARE 38 1 2000 WEINBERGER M MED CARE 37 1 1999 WEINBERGER M MED CARE 36 1 1998 WEINBERGER M MED CARE 35 193 1997 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Mar 12 17:33:33 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Tue, 12 Mar 2002 17:33:33 -0500 Subject: Jones AW "JAT's impact factor - room for improvement?" Journal of Analytical Toxicology 26(1):2-5 January - February 2002 Message-ID: This is a thoughtful and detailed analysis of journals in legal medicine. A.W. Jones, PhD, DSc. : E-Mail : wayne.jones at rmv.se Dept. Forensic Toxicology, 581-85 Link?ping, Sweden . TITLE JAT's impact factor - Room for improvement? AUTHOR Jones AW JOURNAL JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY 26 (1): 2-5 JAN-FEB 2002 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 27 Times Cited: 0 KeyWords Plus: TESTING HUMAN-HAIR, AUTHORSHIP, INDICATORS, JOURNALS, PLASMA, DRUGS, ABUSE ABSTRACT: The impact factor of a scientific journal is simply the ratio of the number of citations to the number of citable items (articles and reviews) over a given time period, usually two years after the year of publication. Trends in the impact factor of Journal of Analytical Toxicology (JAT) are reviewed and compared with other leading journals in the forensic sciences and toxicology. In particular, the journals that frequently cite JAT aticles (citing journals) and the journals cited in articles published in JAT (cited journals) are compared and contrasted. The reasons for citing a particular article are considered, and some suggestions are made for improving the impact factor of JAT, if this is deemed necessary. This could be achieved in a number of ways, such as speeding the editorial-handling and peer - review processes, by including one or more invited review articles in each issue of the journal, or by increasing the number of references cited so the references / article ratio increases. Regardless of journal impact factor, an article should be judged by its usefulness to the field and not the prestige of the journal where it is published. Addresses: Jones AW, Linkoping Univ Hosp, Dept Forens Toxicol, S-58185 Linkoping, Sweden Linkoping Univ Hosp, Dept Forens Toxicol, S-58185 Linkoping, Sweden Publisher: PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC, NILES IDS Number: 513EX ISSN: 0146-4760 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year BLAND JM LANCET 1 307 1986 BRETTELL TA ANAL CHEM 73 2735 2001 CONE EJ J ANAL TOXICOL 15 250 1991 CONE EJ J ANAL TOXICOL 14 1 1990 GARFIELD E BRIT MED J 313 411 1996 GARFIELD E CAN MED ASSOC J 161 979 1999 GARFIELD E SCIENCE 122 108 1955 HUTH EJ ANN INTERN MED 104 269 1986 JOLLEY ME J ANAL TOXICOL 5 236 1981 JONES AW ALCOHOL ALCOHOLISM 31 11 1996 JONES AW FORENSIC SCI INT 62 173 1993 JONES AW J FORENSIC SCI 43 439 1998 JONES AW J FORENSIC SCI 40 529 1995 KING J J INFORM SCI 13 261 1987 LOK CKW J ADV NURS 34 223 2001 LOWRY OH J BIOL CHEM 193 265 1951 OPTHOF T CARDIOVASC RES 41 1 1999 OPTHOF T CARDIOVASC RES 33 1 1997 RENNIE D JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 278 579 1997 ROSTAMIHODJEGAN A BRIT J CLIN PHARMACO 51 111 2001 SEGLEN PO ACTA ORTHOP SCAND 69 224 1998 SEGLEN PO ALLERGY 52 1050 1997 SEGLEN PO BRIT MED J 314 497 1997 SIEBERS R CLIN CHEM 47 606 2001 SIEBERS R LANCET 356 1445 2000 SNEDECOR GW STAT METHODS 1967 WILLIAMS G BRIT MED J 316 1079 1998 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 13 11:21:10 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 13 Mar 2002 11:21:10 -0500 Subject: Mullner M, Matthews H, Altman DG "Reporting on statistical methods to adjust for confounding: A cross-sectional survey" ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 136 (2): 122-126 JAN 15 2002 Message-ID: Marcus Mullner : marcus.muellner at univie.ac.at TITLE Reporting on statistical methods to adjust for confounding: A cross- sectional survey AUTHOR Mullner M, Matthews H, Altman DG JOURNAL ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 136 (2): 122-126 JAN 15 2002 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 19 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Background: The use of complex statistical models to adjust for confounding is common in medical research. Objective: To determine the frequency and adequacy of adjustment for confounding in medical articles. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: 34 scientific medical journals with a high impact factor. Measurements: Frequency of reporting on methods used to adjust for confounding in 537 original research articles published in January 1998. Results: Of the 537 articles, 169 specified that adjustment for confounding was used. In 1 paper in 10, it was unclear which statistical method was used or for which variables adjustment was made. In 45% of papers, it was not clear how multicategory or continuous variables were treated in the analysis. inadequate reporting was less frequent if an author was affiliated with a department of statistics, epidemiology, or public health and if articles were published in journals with a high impact factor. Conclusions: Details of methods used to adjust for confounding are frequently not reported in original research articles. KeyWords Plus: LOGISTIC-REGRESSION MODELS, JOURNALS, TRIAL Addresses: Mullner M, Univ Vienna, Allgemeines Krankenhaus Wien, Klin Notfallmed, Waehringer Guertel 18-20 6D, A-1090 Vienna, Austria BMJ, London, England ICRF Med Stat Grp, Ctr State Med, Inst Hlth Sci, Oxford OX3 7LF, England Publisher: AMER COLL PHYSICIANS, PHILADELPHIA IDS Number: 512PZ ISSN: 0003-4819 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *INT COMM MED J ED ANN INTERN MED 126 34 1997 ALTMAN DG BRIT J CANCER 72 511 1995 ALTMAN DG ENCY BIOSTATISTICS 1000 1998 BENDER R BRIT MED J 313 628 1996 BLAND JM BRIT MED J 312 770 1996 BRENNER H EPIDEMIOLOGY 9 68 1998 CAPDEVILA X CRIT CARE MED 26 79 1998 GARFIELD E BRIT MED J 313 411 1996 GODLEE F JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 280 237 1998 GOODMAN SN J GEN INTERN MED 13 753 1998 GREEN JRB GASTROENTEROLOGY 114 15 1998 HENNEKENS CH EPIDEMIOLOGY MED 1987 HILL AB P ROY SOC MED 58 295 1965 JONES RB AM J MED 104 28 1998 KATZ MH MULTIVARIABLE ANAL P 1999 KHAN KS OBSTET GYNECOL 93 1014 1999 LOTZE A J PEDIATR 132 40 1998 PEKKANEN J BRIT MED J 311 589 1995 REASON J BRIT MED J 320 768 2000 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 13 11:33:06 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 13 Mar 2002 11:33:06 -0500 Subject: Su XN, Han XM, Han XN "Developing the Chinese social science citation index" ONLINE INFORMATION REVIEW 25 (6): 365-369 2001 Message-ID: Electronic Access to Journal : The research register for this journal is available at : http://www.mcbup.com/research_registers The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at : http://www.emerald-library.com/ft TITLE Developing the Chinese social science citation index AUTHOR Su XN, Han XM, Han XN JOURNAL ONLINE INFORMATION REVIEW 25 (6): 365-369 2001 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 5 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: The Chinese Social Citation Index (CSSCI) covers over 500 scholarly Chinese journals in the humanities and social sciences. CSSCI provides an efficient tool for people to obtain information about Chinese social science research. Its CD- ROM disks have been manufactured and a Web site has been set up for people to search for information about it. In this article the authors introduce the goals, significance and functions of CSSCI and a detailed explanation of the data structure and the direction of data flow is provided. Author Keywords: indexes, social sciences, Internet, China Addresses: Su XN, Nanjing Univ, Dept Informat Management, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China Nanjing Univ, Dept Informat Management, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China Nanjing Univ, Dept Social Sci, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China SE Univ, Dept Foreign Languages, Nanjing 210018, Peoples R China Publisher: MCB U P LIMITED, BRADFORD IDS Number: 505WR ISSN: 1468-4527 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year GARFIELD E CITATION INDEXING IT 1979 MENG LS J CHINA SOC SCI TECH 14 206 1995 SHAO P J CHINA SOC SCI TECH 9 1989 WHEELER M SEMINAR J CITATION I 2000 YOU T NEW TECHNOLOGY LIB I 20 1996 From gwhitney at UTK.EDU Wed Mar 20 08:28:54 2002 From: gwhitney at UTK.EDU (Gretchen Whitney) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 08:28:54 -0500 Subject: Information Visualization (Journal) Message-ID: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 10:58:58 +0000 From: Di Owen Ms Di Owen Palgrave Macmillan INFORMATION VISUALIZATION is a new journal to be published by Palgrave Macmillan in 2002. Edited by Chaomei Chen from Drexel University in Philadelphia, USA, the journal provides a unique, single resource for articles on fundamental research and applications of information visualization. The first issue will be published in April. It is indicative of the high-quality submissions that will be the journal?s trademark. Contents: ? Inventing discovery tools: Combining information visualization with data mining,Ben Shneiderman, USA ? Animated visualization of multiple intersecting hierarchies, George Robertson, Kim Cameron, Mary Czerwinski and Daniel Robbins, USA ? Pixel bar charts: A visualization technique for very large multi-attribute data sets, Daniel Keim, Ming C Hao, Umesh Dayal and Meichun Hsu, USA ? Zoomer user interfaces as a medium for slide show presentations, Lance Good and Ben Bederson, USA ? Filtering and brushing with motion, Lyn Bartram and Colin Ware, Canada Authors are invited to submit papers for the remaining issues of the first volume. For more details visit: www.palgrave-journals.com/ivs From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 20 13:58:53 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 13:58:53 -0500 Subject: Lichtman MA, Oakes D "The productivity and impact of the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society Scholar Program: The apparent positive effect of peer review" BLOOD CELLS MOLECULES AND DISEASES 27 (6): 1020-1027 NOV-DEC 2001 Message-ID: Marshall A. Lichtman : E-mail: mal at urmc.rochester.edu TITLE The productivity and impact of the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society Scholar Program: The apparent positive effect of peer review AUTHOR Lichtman MA, Oakes D JOURNAL BLOOD CELLS MOLECULES AND DISEASES 27 (6): 1020-1027 NOV-DEC 2001 Document type: Review Language: English Cited References: 6 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: A study was conducted to compare the "productivity" of a cohort of research grant applicants selected by peer review to be scholars of The Leukemia Society of America (now The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society) with a matched cohort of applicants not so selected during the period 1981 to 1990. One hundred and twenty-four scholars and 124 nonfunded applicants were studied. Two bibliometric variables and their derivatives were examined from the Institute of Scientific Information database: the number of papers published and the number of citations to those papers. Published papers were measured through December 31, 1999, and citation counts to these papers through December 31, 2000. Scholars published 10,301 papers through the period of bservation and nonfunded applicants published 6442 papers. Scholars' papers were cited 419,798 times, whereas nonfunded applicants' papers were cited 245,586 times. The mean citations per paper were 52 for scholars and 38 for nonfunded pplicants. The papers published per scholar, citations per scholar, and citations per paper per scholar were significantly greater than the corresponding measures for nonfunded applicants (P < 0.0001 in each case). Scholar's papers were cited 30% more often, whereas nonfunded applicants were cited 10% more frequently, than a comparison group of scientists publishing in the same journal in the same year. High-impact papers, e.g., papers that were cited more than 200 times, were nearly three times as frequent among scholars (494 papers) as among nonfunded applicants (173 papers). This difference was highly significant. The good (better than baseline) performance of nonfunded applicants may be a reflection of self-selection among the applicant pool for this competitive award; the more productive performance of the scholars is probably the result of the selection decisions made during the peer-review process. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science. Author Keywords: peer review, research productivity, citation impact, career development Addresses: Lichtman MA, Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, 601 Elmwood Ave,Box 610, Rochester, NY 14642 USA Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA Leukemia & Lymphoma Soc, White Plains, NY 10605 USA Publisher: ACADEMIC PRESS INC, SAN DIEGO IDS Number: 523VD ISSN: 1079-9796 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ARMSTRONG PW CAN J CARDIOL 13 507 1997 COLE JR SOCIAL STRATIFICATIO 1973 FEIST GJ CREATIVITY RES J 10 325 1997 GARFIELD E CITATION INDEXING IT 1979 LUUKKONENGRONOW T R&D MANAGE 17 207 1987 SIMONTON DK SCI GENIUS PSYCHOL S 1988 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 20 14:00:39 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 14:00:39 -0500 Subject: Maitra R. "Clustering massive datasets with applications in software metrics and tomography" TECHNOMETRICS 43 (3): 336-346 AUG 2001 Message-ID: Ranjan Maitra : E-mail: maitra at math.umbc.edu. TITLE Clustering massive datasets with applications in software metrics and tomography AUTHOR Maitra R JOURNAL TECHNOMETRICS 43 (3): 336-346 AUG 2001 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 43 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Clustering datasets is not an easy problem in general, and the difficulty is compounded for massive datasets. This article develops, under Gaussian assumptions, a multistage algorithm that clusters an initial sample. filters out observations that can be reasonably classified by these clusters, and iterates the preceding procedure on the remainder. A final step uses the estimated class probabilities and dispersions to classify each observation in the dataset. Results on test experiments indicate good performance. Application to datasets from software metrics and positron emission tomography required no more than five stages each, suggesting that the procedure is practical to implement. Author Keywords: Gaussian distribution, likelihood ratio test, multistage procedure, sample KeyWords Plus: CRITERIA, MODELS Addresses: Maitra R, Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA Publisher: AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC, ALEXANDRIA IDS Number: 491TR ISSN: 0040-1706 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year ARABIE P J MATH PSYCHOL 10 148 1973 BANFIELD JD BIOMETRICS 49 803 1993 BECKETT J P SOC STAT SECT AM S 983 1977 BROSSIER G J CLASSIF 7 197 1990 CAN F J AM SOC INFORM SCI 35 268 1984 CELEUX G PATTERN RECOGN 28 781 1995 CHENG L MAR FISH REV 36 1 1974 CORMACK RM J ROYAL STATISTICAL 134 321 1971 CRUYNOOGHE M COMPSTAT 1978 239 1978 EDDY WF COMPUT STAT DATA AN 23 29 1996 EVERITT B CLUSTER ANAL 1974 EVERITT BS BIOMETRICS 35 169 1979 EVERITT BS STATISTICS PROBABILI 6 305 1988 FAYYAD U P WORKSH MASS DAT NA 1996 FOWLKES EB J CLASSIF 5 205 1988 FRIEDMAN HP J AM STAT ASSOC 62 1159 1967 GANESALINGAM S STAT NEERL 33 81 1979 GNANADESIKAN R METHODS STAT DATA AN 1977 GOOD IJ J STAT COMPUTING SIM 9 241 1979 GORDON AD COMPSTAT 1986 149 1986 HARTIGAN J CLUSTERING ALGORITHM 1975 HARTIGAN JA J CLASSIF 2 63 1985 MAITRA R J AM STAT ASSOC 93 1340 1998 MAITRA R J COMPUT GRAPH STAT 6 1 1997 MARDIA KV MULTIVARIATE ANAL 1979 MARRIOTT FH BIOMETRICS 27 501 1971 MAZZIOTTA JC POSITRON EMISSION TO 1986 MCQUITTY LL EDUC PSYCHOL MEAS 35 239 1975 MIRKIN BG AUTOMAT REM CONTR 31 786 1970 MOJENA R COMPSTAT 1980 454 1980 MURTAGH F MULTIDIMENSIONAL CLU 1985 MYERS GJ COMPOSITE STRUCTURED 1978 OSULLIVAN F STAT METHODS MED RES 3 87 1994 PHELPS ME ANN NEUROL 6 371 1979 POLLARD D ANN STAT 9 135 1981 RAMEY DB ENCY STAT SCI 6 318 1985 RAND WM J AM STAT ASSOC 66 846 1971 RIPLEY BD ANAL MODELLING DATA 85 1991 SCOTT AJ BIOMETRICS 27 387 1971 SYMONS MJ BIOMETRICS 37 35 1981 VANRYZIN J CLASSIFICATION CLUST 1977 YOURDON E TECHNIQUES PROGRAM S 1975 ZUPAN J CLUSTERIHNG LARGE DA 1982 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 20 14:02:00 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 14:02:00 -0500 Subject: Reed WJ "The Pareto, Zipf and other power laws" ECONOMICS LETTERS 74 (1): 15-19 DEC 20 2001 Message-ID: William J. Reed : E-mail: reed at math.uvic.ca TITLE The Pareto, Zipf and other power laws AUTHOR Reed WJ JOURNAL ECONOMICS LETTERS 74 (1): 15-19 DEC 20 2001 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 9 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Many empirical size distributions in economics and elsewhere exhibit power-law behaviour in the upper tail. This article contains a simple explanation for this. It also predicts lower-tail power-law behaviour, which is verified empirically for income and city-size data. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Author Keywords: power law, tail behaviour, Gibrat's law, income distribution, city-size distribution Addresses: Reed WJ, Univ Victoria, Dept Math & Stat, POB 3045, Victoria, BC V8W 3P4, Canada Univ Victoria, Dept Math & Stat, Victoria, BC V8W 3P4, Canada Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA, LAUSANNE IDS Number: 500AC ISSN: 0165-1765 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *US CENS BUR P60206 US CENS BUR 1998 BRAKMAN S J REGIONAL SCI 39 739 1999 CHAMPERNOWNE DG ECON J 63 318 1953 GABAIX X Q J ECON 114 739 1999 MAY RM SCIENCE 241 1441 1988 NEWMAN M NATURE 405 412 2000 REED WJ IN PRESS REGIONAL SC 2001 REED WJ UNPUB J BUSINESS EC 2000 YULE GU PHILOS T ROY SOC B 213 21 1924 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 20 14:04:28 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 14:04:28 -0500 Subject: Kim HJ "Motivations for hyperlinking in scholarly electronic articles: A qualitative study" JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE 51 (10): 887-899 AUG 2000 Message-ID: Hak Joon Kim : E-mail: hakjoonk at yahoo.com TITLE Motivations for hyperlinking in scholarly electronic articles: A qualitative study AUTHOR Kim HJ JOURNAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE 51 (10): 887-899 AUG 2000 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 50 Times Cited: 3 Abstract: The primary purpose of the study was to identify motivations for hyperlinking in scholarly electronic articles. Fifteen Indiana University faculty and graduate students who had published at least one scholarly electronic article containing at least one external hyperlink were surveyed. Through a series of qualitative interviews, 19 different hyperlinking motivations, classified into the three motivational groups-scholarly, social, and technological-along the dimensional ranges of their properties, were identified. The vast majority of the hyperlinks were attributed to more than one motivation by the authors. The empirical findings of the study demonstrated that scholars use hyperlinks for a variety of purposes, and that their hyperlinking behavior frequently results from a complex interplay of motivations. KeyWords Plus: WORLD-WIDE-WEB, CITER MOTIVATIONS, CITATION, CLASSIFICATION, REFERENCES, ACCURACY, BEHAVIOR, JOURNALS, SCIENCE Addresses: Kim HJ, Sejong Univ, Dept Commun Art, 98 Kunja Dong, Seoul 143747, South Korea Sejong Univ, Dept Commun Art, Seoul 143747, South Korea Publisher: JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, NEW YORK IDS Number: 334DY ISSN: 0002-8231 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year CHICAGO MANUAL STYLE 1993 *AM PSYCH ASS PUBL MAN AM PSYCH AS 1994 ALMIND TC J DOC 53 404 1997 BAIRD LM J INFORM SCI 20 1 1994 BENNING SP B MED LIBR ASSOC 81 56 1993 BONZI S SCIENTOMETRICS 21 245 1991 BOYCE BR RQ 18 349 1979 BROOKS TA J AM SOC INFORM SCI 37 34 1986 BROOKS TA J AM SOC INFORM SCI 36 223 1985 CAMERON RD UNIVERSAL CITATIOND 1997 CANO V J AM SOC INFORM SCI 40 284 1989 CHUBIN DE SOC STUD SCI 5 423 1975 CRONIN B J AM SOC INFORM SCI 49 1319 1998 CRONIN B SCHOLAR COURTESY ROL 1995 DUNCAN EB INFORMATION RETRIEVA 70 1981 FRAENKEL JR DESIGN EVALUATE RES 1996 FROST CO LIBRARY Q 49 399 1979 GLASER BG DISCOVERY GROUNDED T 1967 HARNAD S SERIALS REV 18 58 1992 HARTER SP ONLINE INFORMATION R 1986 HICKEY TB LIBR TRENDS 43 528 1995 HITCHCOCK S SERIALS REV 24 21 1998 HODGES TL THESIS U CALIFORNIA 1973 JICK TD QUALITATIVE METHODOL 135 1983 JOGENSEN C COLL RES LIB 52 528 1991 KIM HJ THESIS INDIANA U BLO 1999 KRIPPENDORFF K CONTENT ANAL INTRO I 1980 KRONICK DA LIT LIFE SCI 1985 KUSTER RJ P ASIS MIDY 1996 338 1996 LARSON RR BIBLIOMETRICS WORLD 1996 LI X ELECT STYLES HDB CIT 1996 LINCOLN YS NATURALISTIC INQUIRY 1985 LIU M THESIS U MICHIGAN 1990 MAGEE M THESIS U CHICAGO 1966 MORAVCSIK MJ SOC STUD SCI 5 86 1975 OPPENHEIM C J AM SOC INFORM SCI 29 225 1978 PATTON MQ QUALITATIVE EVALUATI 1980 PERITZ BC SCIENTOMETRICS 5 303 1983 POPE NN RQ 32 240 1992 PRICE DD LITTLE SCI BIG SCI 1963 ROWE ME UNPUB THESIS N TEXAS 1985 RUDOLPH J CHRON HIGHER EDUC 36 A56 1990 SMALL H P 58 ANN M AM SOC IN 118 1995 SPIEGELROSING I SOC STUD SCI 7 97 1977 STRAUSS A BASICS QUALITATIVE R 1990 SWEETLAND JH LIBR QUART 59 291 1989 VANBRAKEL PA ELECTRON LIBR 13 389 1995 VINKLER P SCIENTOMETRICS 12 47 1987 WALKER JR MLA STYLE CITATIONS 1995 WHITE MD LIBR QUART 67 122 1997 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 20 14:08:17 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 14:08:17 -0500 Subject: Boldt J, Maleck W. "Composition of the editorial/advisory boards of major English-language anesthesia/critical care journals" ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 44 (2): 175-179 FEB 2000 Message-ID: Joachim Boldt : E-mail : boldtj at gmx.net TITLE Composition of the editorial/advisory boards of major English-language anesthesia/critical care journals AUTHOR Boldt J, Maleck W JOURNAL ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 44 (2): 175-179 FEB 2000 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 17 Times Cited: 2 Abstract: Background: Publications represent a central part of the research process. An analysis of who is responsible for acceptance of publications in major English-language anesthesia/critical care medicine journals was carried out. Methods: All English-language journals listed in the SCI(R) Journal Citation Reports 1997 under the subheadings Anesthesiology (n = 18) and Emergency Medicine & Critical Care (n = 16) were analysed with regard to the editorship and the membership of advisory boards listed in the 1998 issues of the journals. The two groups were analysed separately with regard to their country of origin. Results: In the Anesthesiology section, 140 persons were listed as editors and 423 persons were identified as members of the advisory boards. Editors came from 14 different countries, with editors from the USA representing the majority (n=83; 59% of all editors, followed by the UK; n=24; 15% of all editors). Editors from other countries represent only a minority (n=33; 24% of all editors). The advisory boards came from 30 countries and were also dominated by the USA (n=220; 52% of all persons from the advisory boards). in the Emergency Medicine & Critical Care section 159 persons were listed as editors, of whom 119 originated from the USA (75% of all editors). Of the 835 persons listed in the advisory boards, 72% came from the USA, with 37 other countries sharing the remainder (second, UK: 8%; third, Canada: 2.5%). Conclusion: Most editors/editorial board members of import ant Anesthesiology, Emergency and Critical Care journals came from the USA. Other countries play a significantly less influential role even in journals which are characterised as 'International Journals'. Author Keywords: publications, Journal Citation Reports, anesthesia, critical care medicine, emergency, medicine, editors, editorial board KeyWords Plus: PARTICIPATION Addresses: Boldt J, Univ Mainz, Akad Lehrkrankenhaus, Klinikum Stadt Ludwigshafen, Dept Anesthesiol & Intens Care Med, Bremserstr 79, D-67063 Ludwigshafen, Germany Univ Mainz, Akad Lehrkrankenhaus, Klinikum Stadt Ludwigshafen, Dept Anesthesiol & Intens Care Med, D-67063 Ludwigshafen, Germany Publisher: MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD, COPENHAGEN IDS Number: 283MJ ISSN: 0001-5172 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *BOWK INT SER DAT ULR INT PER DIR 1998 *INT COMM MED J ED JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 277 927 1997 *ISI SCI CIT IND J CIT RE 74 1997 BLUESTONE N PHAROS SUM 14 1996 DEJONG JW EUR HEART J 17 35 1996 DRISCOLL P J ACCID EMERG MED 14 65 1997 ELSTER AD AM J ROENTGENOL 162 519 1994 GARROW J JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 280 286 1998 KUMARARATNE M JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 277 957 1997 LINK AM JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 280 246 1998 OPTHOF T CARDIOVASC RES 33 1 1997 POMAROLI A BRIT J ANAESTH 72 723 1994 RENNIE D JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 278 579 1997 SCHWINN DA ANESTHESIOLOGY 88 1660 1998 SHAHLA M INTENS CARE MED 22 1258 1996 SHAHLA M INTENS CARE MED 21 7 1995 SMITH G BRIT J ANAESTH 76 753 1996 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 20 14:11:53 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 14:11:53 -0500 Subject: REVISED - Conclusion Added Kim HJ "Motivations for hyperlinking in scholarly electronic articles: A qualitative study" JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE 51 (10):887-899 August 2000 Message-ID: CONCLUSION FROM PAPER ADDED AT THE END: Hak Joon Kim : E-mail: hakjoonk at yahoo.com TITLE Motivations for hyperlinking in scholarly electronic articles: A qualitative study AUTHOR Kim HJ JOURNAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE 51 (10): 887-899 AUG 2000 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 50 Times Cited: 3 Abstract: The primary purpose of the study was to identify motivations for hyperlinking in scholarly electronic articles. Fifteen Indiana University faculty and graduate students who had published at least one scholarly electronic article containing at least one external hyperlink were surveyed. Through a series of qualitative interviews, 19 different hyperlinking motivations, classified into the three motivational groups-scholarly, social, and technological-along the dimensional ranges of their properties, were identified. The vast majority of the hyperlinks were attributed to more than one motivation by the authors. The empirical findings of the study demonstrated that scholars use hyperlinks for a variety of purposes, and that their hyperlinking behavior frequently results from a complex interplay of motivations. KeyWords Plus: WORLD-WIDE-WEB, CITER MOTIVATIONS, CITATION, CLASSIFICATION, REFERENCES, ACCURACY, BEHAVIOR, JOURNALS, SCIENCE Addresses: Kim HJ, Sejong Univ, Dept Commun Art, 98 Kunja Dong, Seoul 143747, South Korea Sejong Univ, Dept Commun Art, Seoul 143747, South Korea Publisher: JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, NEW YORK IDS Number: 334DY ISSN: 0002-8231 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year CHICAGO MANUAL STYLE 1993 *AM PSYCH ASS PUBL MAN AM PSYCH AS 1994 ALMIND TC J DOC 53 404 1997 BAIRD LM J INFORM SCI 20 1 1994 BENNING SP B MED LIBR ASSOC 81 56 1993 BONZI S SCIENTOMETRICS 21 245 1991 BOYCE BR RQ 18 349 1979 BROOKS TA J AM SOC INFORM SCI 37 34 1986 BROOKS TA J AM SOC INFORM SCI 36 223 1985 CAMERON RD UNIVERSAL CITATIOND 1997 CANO V J AM SOC INFORM SCI 40 284 1989 CHUBIN DE SOC STUD SCI 5 423 1975 CRONIN B J AM SOC INFORM SCI 49 1319 1998 CRONIN B SCHOLAR COURTESY ROL 1995 DUNCAN EB INFORMATION RETRIEVA 70 1981 FRAENKEL JR DESIGN EVALUATE RES 1996 FROST CO LIBRARY Q 49 399 1979 GLASER BG DISCOVERY GROUNDED T 1967 HARNAD S SERIALS REV 18 58 1992 HARTER SP ONLINE INFORMATION R 1986 HICKEY TB LIBR TRENDS 43 528 1995 HITCHCOCK S SERIALS REV 24 21 1998 HODGES TL THESIS U CALIFORNIA 1973 JICK TD QUALITATIVE METHODOL 135 1983 JOGENSEN C COLL RES LIB 52 528 1991 KIM HJ THESIS INDIANA U BLO 1999 KRIPPENDORFF K CONTENT ANAL INTRO I 1980 KRONICK DA LIT LIFE SCI 1985 KUSTER RJ P ASIS MIDY 1996 338 1996 LARSON RR BIBLIOMETRICS WORLD 1996 LI X ELECT STYLES HDB CIT 1996 LINCOLN YS NATURALISTIC INQUIRY 1985 LIU M THESIS U MICHIGAN 1990 MAGEE M THESIS U CHICAGO 1966 MORAVCSIK MJ SOC STUD SCI 5 86 1975 OPPENHEIM C J AM SOC INFORM SCI 29 225 1978 PATTON MQ QUALITATIVE EVALUATI 1980 PERITZ BC SCIENTOMETRICS 5 303 1983 POPE NN RQ 32 240 1992 PRICE DD LITTLE SCI BIG SCI 1963 ROWE ME UNPUB THESIS N TEXAS 1985 RUDOLPH J CHRON HIGHER EDUC 36 A56 1990 SMALL H P 58 ANN M AM SOC IN 118 1995 SPIEGELROSING I SOC STUD SCI 7 97 1977 STRAUSS A BASICS QUALITATIVE R 1990 SWEETLAND JH LIBR QUART 59 291 1989 VANBRAKEL PA ELECTRON LIBR 13 389 1995 VINKLER P SCIENTOMETRICS 12 47 1987 WALKER JR MLA STYLE CITATIONS 1995 WHITE MD LIBR QUART 67 122 1997 EXCERPT FROM PAPER : Conclusions Altogether, 19 different hyperlinking motivations, classified into the three motivational groups - scholarly, social, and technological - along the dimensional ranges of their properties, were identified in this study. The study also found that the great majority (72.8%) of the hyperlinks surveyed were the result of an interplay of multiple motivations. These findings demonstrate that in scholarly electronic environments scholars use hyperlinks for a variety of scholarly and nonscholarly purposes, and that hyperlinking is multidimensional behavior involving different levels of motivations. In addition, all the hyperlinks contained in one of the scholarly e-articles sampled turned out to be created entirely not by the author of the e-article but by someone else, without regard to the quality or utility of the hyperlinked source documents and the contexts of the hyperlinks within the hyperlinking e-article. >From these observations, we can see that a hyperlink usually offers only a partial reflection of the scholarly impact or influence of the hyperlinked source. The problem in using hyperlink counts for evaluative purposes is that we cannot determine how much of the difference in hyperlink rates is due to the scholarly quality or impact of the hyperlinked source and how much is due to nonscholarly factors, such as social and technological factors. Hence, it is clear that using hyperlink counts as a method for evaluating the quality, influence, or impact of individual scholars and their works would lead to intolerable error. In other words, using hyperlink analysis to unidimensionally describe a complex, multidimensional behavior presents obvious validity problems. Therefore, it may be concluded that hyperlink counts cannot be used as a simple measure of the relative quality, influence, or impact of source documents hyperlinked in scholarly electronic environments. The results of the study also revealed that there were several similarities between hyperlinking and citing motivations. Almost all of the scholarly and social motivations identified in the study were also found in previous citation studies exploring scholars' citation behaviors. In addition, the majority of the hyperlinks and citations surveyed in this study and previous citation studies respectively were the result of an interplay of multiple motivations. These findings demonstrate convincingly that most scholars' hyperlinking practices in scholarly electronic environments are largely grounded in their conventional citation practices. However, the convenience factor of hyperlinking brings about a fundamental difference between hyperlinking and citing behaviors. Unlike citations in print articles, which require the readers to go through multiple inconvenient procedures (e.g., turn to the reference, search an on-line catalog, note the reference and its call number, go to the library, and so on) to access the full text of the cited documents, hyperlinks in e-articles allow the readers to directly access the full text of the hyperlinked source documents by simply clicking on the hyperlinks. To take full advantage of the hyperlinking capabilities in their e-articles, therefore, many of the scholarly authors actively looked for electronic sources to be hyperlinked in their e-articles whenever possible, as well as preferred hyperlinking electronic sources to citing print sources if the source documents were available both in print and on-line. This implies that the technological motivational variable associated with hyperlinking may be more related to the availability of electronic source documents to be hyperlinked than the utility of the hyperlinked source documents for the hyperlinking article. Thus, despite the fact that there exist some similarities between hyperlinking and citing motivations, the findings that scholars' hyperlinking behaviors are also greatly influenced by the convenience factor of hyperlinking would be considered to be evidence showing that hyperlinking in scholarly electronic environments are not a simple extension of citing. To obtain insight into the phenomenon of hyperlinking in scholarly electronic environments, this study, which was exploratory in nature, examined scholars' motivations for hyperlinking. This study takes only a first step in exploring the unstudied phenomenon. Further research is needed to fully understand scholars' hyperlinking behaviors: It would be useful to investigate important variables that influence scholars' hyperlinking behaviors for a better understanding of the phenomenon. From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 20 14:14:16 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 14:14:16 -0500 Subject: Stephan P, Audretsch D, Hawkins R "The knowledge production function: lessons from biotechnology" INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT 19 (1-2): 165-178 2000 Message-ID: Paula Stephan : Email: pstephan at gsu.edu TITLE The knowledge production function: lessons from biotechnology AUTHOR Stephan P, Audretsch D, Hawkins R JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT 19 (1-2): 165-178 2000 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 22 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Firms and scientists are linked by examining the prospectuses of firms making an initial public offering in biotechnology and determining scientists who have an involvement with the firm. The data provide an innovative lens for viewing the spillover process and help shed light on questions such as: Where do new industries come from; how important is geography in the spillover process; and how do firms that lack a product succeed in raising money when they go public?. Author Keywords: spillovers, innovation, knowledge production function, biotechnology KeyWords Plus: INCREASING RETURNS, ACADEMIC RESEARCH, INNOVATION, GEOGRAPHY, GROWTH Addresses: Stephan P, Georgia State Univ, Sch Policy Studies, Ctr Policy Res, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA Georgia State Univ, Sch Policy Studies, Ctr Policy Res, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA Indiana Univ, Inst Dev Studies, Bloomington, IN USA Univ W Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA Publisher: INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD, GENEVA AEROPORT Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year AUDRETSCH DB AM ECON REV 86 630 1996 AUDRETSCH DB AM ECON REV 86 641 1996 AUDRETSCH DB J EVOLUTIONARY EC 9 97 BURRILL GS BIOTECH 88 MARKET PL 1987 FELDMAN MP GEOGRAPHY INNOVATION 1994 FELDMAN MP SMALL BUS ECON 6 363 1994 GARFIELD E CITATION INDEXING IT 1979 GRILICHES Z BELL J ECON 10 92 1979 GROSSMAN G INNOVATION GROWTH GL 1991 JAFFE AB AM ECON REV 79 957 1989 JAFFE AB Q J ECON 63 577 1992 KRUGMAN P J POLIT ECON 99 483 1991 KRUGMAN PA GEOGRAPHY TRADE 1991 LINK AN SMALL BUSINESS EC 2 25 1990 MANSFIELD E REV ECON STAT 77 55 1995 PISANO GP INT COLLABORATIVE VE 183 1988 ROMER PM J POLIT ECON 94 1002 1986 STEPHAN P HIGH ED M NAT BUR EC 1997 STEPHAN P IN PRESS SMALL BUSIN STEPHAN PE J ECON LIT 34 1199 1996 WERTH B BILLION DOLLAR MOL O 1994 ZUCKER LG 4653 NAT BUR EC RES IDS Number: 304PM ISSN: 0267-5730 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 20 14:16:25 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 14:16:25 -0500 Subject: Manley C "Identifying common characteristics among researchers through citation analysis" CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFORMATION AND LIBRARY SCIENCE-REVUE CANADIENNE DES SCIENCES DE L INFORMATION ET DE BIBLIOTHECONOMIE 24 (2-3): 56-56 JUN-SEP 1999 Message-ID: Cynthia Manley : E-Mail : cmanley at utk.edu TITLE Identifying common characteristics among researchers through citation analysis AUTHOR Manley C JOURNAL CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFORMATION AND LIBRARY SCIENCE-REVUE CANADIENNE DES SCIENCES DE L INFORMATION ET DE BIBLIOTHECONOMIE 24 (2-3): 56-56 JUN-SEP 1999 Document type: Meeting Abstract Language: English Cited References: 0 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: Univ Tennessee, Coll Communicat, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA Publisher: CANADIAN ASSOC INFORMATION SCIENCE, OTTAWA IDS Number: 313UU ISSN: 1195-096X From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 20 14:19:06 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 14:19:06 -0500 Subject: Morris, SA; Wu, Z; Yen, G "A SOM mapping technique for visualizing documents in a database" IJCNN'01: INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS, VOLS 1-4, PROCEEDINGS. 2001. p.1914-1919 IEEE, New York Message-ID: Authors' email addresses are: samorri at okstate.edu wzheng at okstate.edu gyen at okstate.edu TITLE: A SOM mapping technique for visualizing documents in a database (Article, English) AUTHOR: Morris, SA; Wu, Z; Yen, G SOURCE: IJCNN'01: INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS, VOLS 1-4, PROCEEDINGS. 2001. p.1914-1919 I E E E, NEW YORK SEARCH TERM(S): SCIENTOMETRICS rwork ABSTRACT: A method is introduced for mapping documents, based on document citations, on a two dimensional map for clustering and visualization for the application of technology forecasting. The citation data is used to build an adjacency matrix which describes the document set as an undirected graph. The dimensionality of the adjacency matrix is reduced using principal components analysis. The reduced dimension data is used to train a small rectangular self organizing map (SOM). After training, each document's input vector is premultiplied by the SOM weight matrix to find a spatial response across the SOM and the centroid of this response is used to map the document, The ordination method is demonstrated on a synthetic data set with good results. Further encouraging results using an actual 118 polymer document dataset are also shown. AUTHOR ADDRESS: SA Morris, Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA From davisc at INDIANA.EDU Wed Mar 20 14:48:03 2002 From: davisc at INDIANA.EDU (charles h. davis) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 14:48:03 -0500 Subject: Reed WJ "The Pareto, Zipf and other power laws" ECONOMICS LETTERS 74 (1): 15-19 DEC 20 2001 In-Reply-To: <200203201902.g2KH7svP029895@panther.mail.utk.edu> Message-ID: As usual, I appreciate Gene's selective dissemination of information. This particular issue (power curves) has been a concern of mine for some time, and I'd like others to comment on it (please). Specifically, there is a major difference between y=ae**bx (exponential) and y=ax**b (power) Aside from the mathematics, there may be sociological implications. When Blaise Cronin and I looked at acknowledgements as opposed to citations, we found that there was a true power curve -- not a "simple" citation-like exponential distribution. [Davis, Charles H. and Blaise Cronin, "Acknowledgments and Intellectual Indebtedness: A Bibliometric Conjecture," Journal of the American Society for Information Science 44(10):590-592 (December 1993).] Sociologically, we may be underestimating something like "appeal to authority" in our interactions with colleagues, peers, and mentors. Cordially, Charles Davis ========================================================== Senior Fellow, SLIS, Indiana University (812) 331-1322 Fax: (812) 855-6166 http://php.indiana.edu/~davisc/ ========================================================== From Postd at EROLS.COM Wed Mar 20 21:09:46 2002 From: Postd at EROLS.COM (David G. Post) Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2002 21:09:46 -0500 Subject: Reed WJ "The Pareto, Zipf and other power laws" ECONOMICS LETTERS 74 (1): 15-19 DEC 20 2001 In-Reply-To: Message-ID: Charles I'm very interested in power law patterns as well -- I took a (very preliminary) look for power law behavior in legal citations (citations to prior cases, as opposed to citations in the law review literature) in David Post and Michael Eisen, How Long is the Coastline of the Law? Thoughts on the Fractal Nature of Legal Systems, 29 Journal of Legal Studies 545 (2000) URL: http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/dpost/fractals.pdf when you write: >Sociologically, we may be underestimating something like "appeal to >authority" in our interactions with colleagues, peers, and mentors. are you referring to the idea that 'rich-get-richer' phenomena produce power law distributions? David Post ************************************ David G. Post Temple University Law School Postd at erols.com 215-204-4539 or 202-364-5010 http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/dpost/writings.html http://www.icannwatch.org ********************************************************************* At 02:48 PM 3/20/02 -0500, charles h. davis wrote: >As usual, I appreciate Gene's selective dissemination of information. >This particular issue (power curves) has been a concern of mine for some >time, and I'd like others to comment on it (please). > >Specifically, there is a major difference between > > y=ae**bx (exponential) > > and > > y=ax**b (power) > >Aside from the mathematics, there may be sociological implications. When >Blaise Cronin and I looked at acknowledgements as opposed to citations, we >found that there was a true power curve -- not a "simple" citation-like >exponential distribution. > >[Davis, Charles H. and Blaise Cronin, "Acknowledgments and Intellectual >Indebtedness: A Bibliometric Conjecture," Journal of the American Society >for Information Science 44(10):590-592 (December 1993).] > >Sociologically, we may be underestimating something like "appeal to >authority" in our interactions with colleagues, peers, and mentors. > >Cordially, > >Charles Davis >========================================================== >Senior Fellow, SLIS, Indiana University >(812) 331-1322 Fax: (812) 855-6166 >http://php.indiana.edu/~davisc/ >========================================================== From davisc at INDIANA.EDU Thu Mar 21 12:27:37 2002 From: davisc at INDIANA.EDU (charles h. davis) Date: Thu, 21 Mar 2002 12:27:37 -0500 Subject: Reed WJ "The Pareto, Zipf and other power laws" ECONOMICS LETTERS 74 (1): 15-19 DEC 20 2001 In-Reply-To: <5.0.0.25.2.20020320210501.00a75eb0@pop.erols.com> Message-ID: Thanks for the reply. Yes, when I alluded to "appeal to authority" I was talking about what Derek Price long ago called cumulative advantage. During a conversation in 1979 he said something about "throwing out data points" that didn't match a regular exponential curve. That got me thinking about whether those points (highly cited individuals -- like the highly acknowledged people) might have fit along a power curve. Alas, Derek has been dead for some time, and I have nothing in writing. Chas. On Wed, 20 Mar 2002, David G. Post wrote: > Charles > I'm very interested in power law patterns as well -- I took a (very > preliminary) look for power law behavior in legal citations (citations > to prior cases, as opposed to citations in the law review literature) in > David Post and Michael Eisen, How Long is the Coastline of the > Law? Thoughts on the Fractal Nature of Legal Systems, 29 Journal of > Legal Studies 545 (2000) > URL: http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/dpost/fractals.pdf > > when you write: > >Sociologically, we may be underestimating something like "appeal to > >authority" in our interactions with colleagues, peers, and mentors. > > are you referring to the idea that 'rich-get-richer' phenomena produce > power law distributions? > David Post > > ************************************ > David G. Post Temple University Law School > Postd at erols.com > 215-204-4539 or 202-364-5010 > http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/dpost/writings.html > http://www.icannwatch.org > ********************************************************************* > > > At 02:48 PM 3/20/02 -0500, charles h. davis wrote: > >As usual, I appreciate Gene's selective dissemination of information. > >This particular issue (power curves) has been a concern of mine for some > >time, and I'd like others to comment on it (please). > > > >Specifically, there is a major difference between > > > > y=ae**bx (exponential) > > > > and > > > > y=ax**b (power) > > > >Aside from the mathematics, there may be sociological implications. When > >Blaise Cronin and I looked at acknowledgements as opposed to citations, we > >found that there was a true power curve -- not a "simple" citation-like > >exponential distribution. > > > >[Davis, Charles H. and Blaise Cronin, "Acknowledgments and Intellectual > >Indebtedness: A Bibliometric Conjecture," Journal of the American Society > >for Information Science 44(10):590-592 (December 1993).] > > > >Sociologically, we may be underestimating something like "appeal to > >authority" in our interactions with colleagues, peers, and mentors. > > > >Cordially, > > > >Charles Davis > >========================================================== > >Senior Fellow, SLIS, Indiana University > >(812) 331-1322 Fax: (812) 855-6166 > >php.indiana.edu/~davisc/ > >========================================================== From loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET Thu Mar 21 12:49:09 2002 From: loet at LEYDESDORFF.NET (Loet Leydesdorff) Date: Thu, 21 Mar 2002 18:49:09 +0100 Subject: Reed WJ "The Pareto, Zipf and other power laws" ECONOMICS LETTERS 74 (1): 15-19 DEC 20 2001 In-Reply-To: Message-ID: > > y=ax**b (power) Derek J. de Solla Price, Networks of Scientific Papers, Science, Vol. 149, 30 July 1965, pp. 510-5, at p. 511: "For large n, the number of papers cited appears to decrease as n^2.5 or n^2.6." With kind regards, Loet ************************************************************* Loet Leydesdorff Science & Technology Dynamics, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR) Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam Tel.: +31-20-525 6598; fax: +31-20-525 3681 http://www.leydesdorff.net/ ; loet at leydesdorff.net From lvaughan at UWO.CA Sun Mar 24 21:46:10 2002 From: lvaughan at UWO.CA (Liwen Vaughan) Date: Sun, 24 Mar 2002 21:46:10 -0500 Subject: JASIST special topics issue on webometrics -- call for papers Message-ID: CALL FOR PAPERS *********************************** JASIST Special Issue on Webometrics *********************************** Submission deadline June 30, 2003 The next Special Topics Issue of Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (JASIST) is scheduled to come out in late 2004 on the topic of webometrics. The guest editors for this special issue will be Mike Thelwall of The University of Wolverhampton, UK, and Liwen Vaughan of The University of Western Ontario, Canada. Webometrics, the quantitative study of web phenomena, encompasses a variety of types of research, some of which date back to the early years of the Web although the widespread adoption of the term itself is relatively new. The dynamic, diversified and far-reaching nature of the Web provides a fertile ground for knowledge discovery. Frequencies and patterns of word and phrase usage on web pages can provide valuable information for search algorithms. The selective coverage of web sites by search engines reflects favor toward certain communities and bias against others. Use of query terms reflects issues of interest and concern to people. The size and structure of web sites around the world can provide extensive social, cultural, economic and political information. Web links, although individually less reliable sources of information than bibliographic citations, may reveal significant trends when aggregated over large areas of the Web. This issue will provide a forum for a broad spectrum of scholars to compile a body of research that begins to cement these emerging areas into a coherent field. It will also serve as a tribute to Tomas Almind who originated the term webometrics with Peter Ingwersen and who died in an accident before he could see the influence of his ideas. It is envisaged that future progress of webometrics will prove the Web to be one of the most valuable mainstream data sources for information science. Specific topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following: * Structures, patterns and topologies of hyperlinks on the Web * Methodological issues pertaining to the use of search engines, crawlers, and other online tools for data collection * Motives for the creation of hyperlinks * Categorization of web page types and content. * Social, cultural, and linguistic factors in Web use * Frequency distributions of web query terms * The application of webometrics to information retrieval research * Web impact measurements * Mapping web communities and relationships * Applying and extending bibliometric and scientometric techniques onto the study of the Web The guest editors seek papers that address these and related topics. The quantitative orientation of Webometrics does not preclude the use of qualitative methods when appropriate. Inquires can be made to Mike Thelwall (m.thelwall at wlv.ac.uk) or Liwen Vaughan (lvaughan at uwo.ca). Manuscripts can be submitted in electronic form (Word or PDF) to either guest editor or in print form (four copies of full articles) to: Dr. Liwen Vaughan Faculty of Information and Media Studies University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, N6A 5B7 Canada Phone: (519) 661-2111 ext. 88499 Fax: (519) 661-3506 E-mail: lvaughan at uwo.ca The deadline for accepting manuscripts for consideration for publication in this special issue is June 30, 2003. Authors are requested to notify the guest editors of their intent to submit prior to submitting a paper. The guest editors will be happy to provide advice on the suitability of topics if needed. All manuscripts will be reviewed by a select panel of referees, and those accepted will be published in a special issue of JASIST. Original artwork and a signed copy of the copyright release form will be required for all accepted papers. A copy of the call for papers will be available on the World Wide Web as is further information about JASIST, at http://www.asis.org/. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Mar 25 17:11:26 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 25 Mar 2002 17:11:26 -0500 Subject: Hjorland B "Why is meta analysis neglected by information scientists?" JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 52 (13): 1193-1194 NOV 2001 Message-ID: B. Hjorland : Birger.Hjorland at hb.se For those who can access JASIS on the Web, the url for this Letter is : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/85512334/main.html,ftx_a bs TITLE Why is meta analysis neglected by information scientists? AUTHOR Hjorland B JOURNAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 52 (13): 1193-1194 NOV 2001 Document type: Letter Language: English Cited References: 44 Times Cited: 2 KeyWords Plus: METAANALYSIS, LIBRARIAN, REVIEWS Addresses: Hjorland B, Royal Sch Lib & Informat Sci, 6 Birketinget, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark Royal Sch Lib & Informat Sci, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark Publisher: JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, NEW YORK IDS Number: 485KG ISSN: 1532-2882 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *UNISIST STUD REP FEAS WORLD 1971 BOHNING D COMPUTER ASSISTED AN 1999 COOK T META ANAL EXPLANATIO 1992 COOPER H HDB RES SYNTHESIS 1994 COOPER HM APPL SOCIAL RES METH 2 1998 DAVEYSMIT G CLIN META ANAL 2001 DRAPER D COMBINING INFORMATIO 1992 EDDY DM FAST PRO SOFTWARE ME 1997 FINK A CONDUCTING RES LIT R 1998 FISHER B META SYSTEM MODEL CH 1981 FIX D SOME CHARACTERISTICS 1964 GARFIELD E CURR CONTENTS 3 1987 GARFIELD E CURRENT CONTENT 0726 5 1982 GLASS GV EDUC RES 5 3 1976 GLASS GV META ANAL SOCIAL RES 1981 GREEN BF ANNU REV PSYCHOL 35 37 1984 HAYES RB J AM MED INFORMATICS 1 447 1994 HEDGES LV STAT METHODS META AN 2000 HEDGES LV STAT METHODS META AN 1985 HILLS PJ ANNU REV INFORM SCI 18 99 1983 HUNT M SCI TAKES STOCK STOR 1999 HUNTER JE METHODS META ANAL CO 1995 JOHNSON BT DSTAT SOFTWARE META 1993 KJORLAND B J AM ASS INFORMATION 33 683 2000 KOCHEN M INTEGRATIVE MECH LIT 1974 LIGHT RJ SUMMING SCI REVIEWIN 1984 MEAD TL B MED LIBR ASSOC 83 461 1995 MULLEN B ADV BASIC META ANAL 1989 MULROW CD SYSTEMATIC REV SYNTH 1998 PETITTI DB META ANAL DECISION 2000 ROSENBERG MS META WIN 2 0 STAT SO 1999 ROSENTHAL R BEHAVIORAL BRAIN SCI 3 377 1978 ROSENTHAL R JUDGMENT STUDIES DES 1987 ROSENTHAL R METAANALYTIC PROCEDU 1991 SARIS WE EVALUATION MEASUREME 1991 SMITH JT LIBR TRENDS 45 265 1996 SMITH MC META ANAL NURSING IN 1988 STEWART DW APPL SOCIAL RES METH 4 1993 TRAHAN E LIBR QUART 63 73 1993 WACHTER KW FUTURE META ANAL 1990 WANG MC INTERGRATING RESULTS 1999 WOLF FM QUANTITATIVE APPL SO 59 1986 WOODWARD AM ASLIB P 26 367 1974 WOODWARD AM J AM SOC INFORM SCI 28 175 1977 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Mar 25 17:19:16 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 25 Mar 2002 17:19:16 -0500 Subject: Phelan TJ "Bibliometrics and the evaluation of Australian sociology" Journal of Sociology 36(3):345-363 November 2000 Message-ID: Thomas J. Phelan : phelan at ucla.edu TITLE Bibliometrics and the evaluation of Australian sociology AUTHOR Phelan TJ JOURNAL JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY 36 (3): 345-363 NOV 2000 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 36 Times Cited: 1 Abstract: The Australian government has expressed a continuing interest in the assessment of research productivity as a basic element of a 'rationalised' research funding process. Bibliometric analyses are among the techniques that the government uses to evaluate the quality of research performance. Like many other disciplines, sociology is a target of these assessments. This paper presents data to demonstrate how Australian sociology might measure up if subjected to an inquiry using these methods. Data are provided on the standing of Australian sociology internationally and on the research contributions of major Australian universities. Several important methodological issues are reviewed and discussed. It is concluded that Australian sociologists would be well served by becoming active participants in the ongoing national debate over the assessment of research performance and the allocation of funding for tertiary education and science. KeyWords Plus: STANDS TODAY, PRODUCTIVITY, SCIENCE, DEPARTMENTS, JOURNALS, NATIONS, ISSUES, RATES Addresses: Phelan TJ, Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA Publisher: SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 475WY ISSN: 0004-8690 TITLE Bibliometrics and the evaluation of Australian sociology AUTHOR Phelan TJ JOURNAL JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY 36 (3): 345-363 NOV 2000 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 36 Times Cited: 1 Abstract: The Australian government has expressed a continuing interest in the assessment of research productivity as a basic element of a 'rationalised' research funding process. Bibliometric analyses are among the techniques that the government uses to evaluate the quality of research performance. Like many other disciplines, sociology is a target of these assessments. This paper presents data to demonstrate how Australian sociology might measure up if subjected to an inquiry using these methods. Data are provided on the standing of Australian sociology internationally and on the research contributions of major Australian universities. Several important methodological issues are reviewed and discussed. It is concluded that Australian sociologists would be well served by becoming active participants in the ongoing national debate over the assessment of research performance and the allocation of funding for tertiary education and science. KeyWords Plus: STANDS TODAY, PRODUCTIVITY, SCIENCE, DEPARTMENTS, JOURNALS, NATIONS, ISSUES, RATES Addresses: Phelan TJ, Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA Publisher: SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 475WY ISSN: 0004-8690 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Mar 25 17:23:10 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 25 Mar 2002 17:23:10 -0500 Subject: Phillips OR, Phillips LJ "The market for academic journals" APPLIED ECONOMICS 34 (1): 39-48 JAN 2002 Message-ID: Owen R. Phillips : owenphil at uwyo.edu TITLE The market for academic journals AUTHOR Phillips OR, Phillips LJ JOURNAL APPLIED ECONOMICS 34 (1): 39-48 JAN 2002 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 16 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Library journal subscriptions are treated as a public good. A monopoly publisher sells subscriptions to both libraries and individuals. For individuals, the journal is a private good. Profit maximization can lead to high institutional prices and few individual subscribers. This outcome is reinforced by increases in publishing costs. Library serial prices fall if patrons pay access costs and/or there is congestion. Data are presented to support these conclusions. Library prices are two to ten times higher than private prices; there are as few as two to four individual subscribers in an academic journal market. Library subscription prices are directly related to the number of consumers who use the library serial. KeyWords Plus: LIBRARIES, ECONOMICS Addresses: Phillips OR, Univ Wyoming, Dept Econ & Finance, Laramie, WY 82071 USA Univ Wyoming, Dept Econ & Finance, Laramie, WY 82071 USA Univ Wyoming, Sci Lib, Laramie, WY 82071 USA Publisher: ROUTLEDGE, HANTS IDS Number: 510LB ISSN: 0003-6846 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *OCLC OCLC SYSTEMS SERVICE 11 8 1995 BOWKER RR BOWKER ANN LIB BOOK 1996 BOWKER RR ULRICHS INT PERIODIC 1995 BYRD GD COLL RES LIBR 51 184 1990 CHRESSANTHIS GA TECHNICAL SERVICES Q 11 13 1993 EVERETT JE J APPL SOC PSYCHOL 23 750 1993 FAULHABER G 74 BELL LAB EC 1977 GRISSOM A SCIENTIST 5 14 1991 LABAND DN J ECON LIT 32 640 1994 LEIBOWITZ SJ J ECON LIT 22 77 1984 LELAND HE BELL J ECON 7 449 1976 ORDOVER JA AM ECON REV 68 324 1978 POWELL RH CORE LIST BOOKS J SC 1987 QUANDT RE J AM SOC INFORM SCI 47 610 1996 STOLLER MA COLL RES LIBR 57 9 1996 VARIAN HR BUYING SHARING RENTI 1997 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Mon Mar 25 17:36:57 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Mon, 25 Mar 2002 17:36:57 -0500 Subject: Krapivsky PL, Redner S "Organization of growing random networks" PHYSICAL REVIEW E 63 (6): art. no. 066123 Part 2 JUN 2001 Message-ID: P.L. Krapivsky : paulk at buphyk.bu.edu TITLE Organization of growing random networks AUTHOR Krapivsky PL, Redner S JOURNAL PHYSICAL REVIEW E 63 (6): art. no. 066123 Part 2 JUN 2001 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 56 Times Cited: 8 Abstract: The organizational development of growing random networks is investigated. These growing networks are built by adding nodes successively, and linking each to an earlier node of degree k with an attachment probability A(k). When A(k) grows more slowly than linearly with k, the number of nodes with k links. N-k(t), decays faster than a power law in k, while for A(k) growing faster than linearly in k, a single node emerges which connects to nearly all other nodes. When A(k) is symptotically linear, N-k(t) similar to tk(-nu), With nu dependent on details of the attachment probability, but in the range 2 < <. The combined age and degree distribution of nodes shows that old nodes typically have a large degree. There is also a significant correlation in the degrees of neighboring nodes, so that nodes of similar degree are more likely to be connected. The size distributions of the in and out components of the network with respect to a given node-namely, its "descendants" and "ancestors''-are also determined. The in component exhibits a robust s(-2) power-law tail, where s is the component size. The out component has a typical size of order In t, and it provides basic insights into the genealogy of the network. KeyWords Plus: WORLD-WIDE-WEB, DEGREE SEQUENCE, INTERNET, GROWTH, AGGREGATION, MODEL, BEHAVIOR, KINETICS, DYNAMICS, GRAPH Addresses: Krapivsky PL, Boston Univ, Ctr BioDynam, Boston, MA 02215 USA Boston Univ, Ctr BioDynam, Boston, MA 02215 USA Boston Univ, Ctr Polymer Studies, Boston, MA 02215 USA Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA Publisher: AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC, COLLEGE PK IDS Number: 442KU ISSN: 1063-651X Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year AIELLO W UNPUB ALBERT R NATURE 401 130 1999 BARABASI AL PHYSICA A 272 173 1999 BARABASI AL SCIENCE 286 509 1999 BARTHELEMY M PHYS REV LETT 82 3180* 1999 BECKER R ANN PHYSIK 24 719 1935 BLACKMAN JA EUROPHYS LETT 16 115 1991 BOLLOBAS B RANDOM GRAPHS 1985 BRILLIANTOV NV J PHYS A-MATH GEN 24 4787 1991 BRILLIANTOV NV SOV PHYS-SOLID STATE 31 271 1989 BRODER A COMPUT NETW 33 309 2000 CALDARELLI G EUROPHYS LETT 52 386 2000 CALDARELLI G J THEOR BIOL 193 345 1998 CALOGERO F J PHYS A-MATH GEN 33 5619 2000 CAMACHO CJ CONDMAT0103114 DOMANY E MODELS NEURAL NETWOR 1 1995 DOROGOVTSEV SN CONDMAT0004434 DOROGOVTSEV SN PHYS REV E A 62 1842 2000 EGGHE L INTRO INFORMETRICS 1990 ERNST MH FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEMS 6 1985 FALOUTSOS M COMP COMM R 29 251 1999 GARFIELD E SCIENCE 178 471 1972 GILBERT N SOCIOL RES 2 2 1997 GRAHAM RL CONCRETE MATH FDN CO 1989 HENDRIKS EM J COLLOID INTERF SCI 97 176 1984 HUBERMAN BA NATURE 401 131 1999 HUBERMAN BA SCIENCE 280 95 1998 JANSON S RANDOM GRAPHS 2000 KAUFFMAN SA ORIGIN ORDER SELF OR 1993 KLEINBERG J LECT NOTES COMPUTER 1627 1999 KRAPIVSKY PL CONDMAT0005139 KRAPIVSKY PL IN PRESS PHYS REV LE KRAPIVSKY PL PHYS REV B 59 15950* 1999 KRAPIVSKY PL UNPUB KUMAR R VLDB 99 P 25 INT C V 639 1999 LAHERRERE J EUR PHYS J B 2 525 1998 LANGER JS SOLIDS FAR EQUILIBRI 1992 LARSON RR P 1996 ANN ASIS M BA 1996 LAURENCOT P NONLINEARITY 12 229 1999 LEYVRAZ F PHYS REV A 36 4033* 1987 LEYVRAZ F PHYS REV LETT 57 163* 1986 LOTKA AJ J WASHINGTON ACADEMY 16 317 1926 MATSOUKAS T J COLLOID INTERF SCI 132 13 1989 MEDINA A COMPUT COMMUN REV 30 18 2000 MILGRAM S PSYCHOL TODAY 2 60 1967 MOLLOY M COMB PROBAB COMPUT 7 295 1998 MOLLOY M RANDOM STRUCT ALGOR 6 161 1995 NEWMAN MEJ CONDMAT0007214 NEWMAN MEJ CONDMAT007235 REDNER S EUR PHYS J B 4 131 1998 SHOCKLEY W P IRE 45 279 1957 SIMON HA BIOMETRIKA 42 425 1955 SIMON HA MODELS MAN 1957 UMAR R P 8 WORLD WID WEB C 1999 WATTS DJ NATURE 393 440 1998 ZANETTE DH NLINAO009046 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Mar 26 15:32:45 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Tue, 26 Mar 2002 15:32:45 -0500 Subject: Tutosaus JD, Oller JD, Blazquez IG, Conde SM, Mendez SM "International scientific production in digestive laparoscopic surgery" REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 93 (7): 452-458 JUL 2001 Message-ID: J.D. Tutosaus : tutosaus at cica.es TITLE International scientific production in digestive laparoscopic surgery AUTHOR Tutosaus JD, Oller JD, Blazquez IG, Conde SM, Mendez SM JOURNAL REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 93 (7): 452-458 JUL 2001 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 28 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Objective: to obtain data on research in laparoscopic digestive surgery over the period of 1991 to 1996. Material and methods: we used Medline and the Science Citation Index to obtain general data on production. For more specific data (contents, etc.) we used random samples with a confidence level of 99%. Results: there were 4825 publications on laparoscopic digestive surgery and 4.085 on other specialties: of these, articles represented 85% and editorials and letters 15%. University hospitals published 40% of this production. The producing Countries were USA (45%), France (8.2%), United Kingdom (7.9%) and Germany (7.5%). The publishing countries were USA (41%), Germany (15.3%), United Kingdom (9.7%) and France (6.7%). The publication with the largest influence was the New England Journal of Medicine with a total Impact Factor of 589; the British Journal of Surgery with a factor of 436, Archives of Surgery with 343, American Journal of Surgery with 336 and Annals of Surgery with 302; the mean relative Impact Factor was 1.886. Method was involved in 756 retrospective studies, 275 prospective studies and 43 random clinical trials; the rest were not series. The majority of contents are on techniques and instruments, indications and general reflections. The most researched anatomical region was the gall bladder, followed by the bile ducts and the colon. The differences had a "z" > 1.645, that is to say, p < 0.05, and so considered statistically significant. Conclusions: the largest production and publication takes place in the USA and the journal with the greatest influence is the New England. Important studies on method are extremely scarce, random clinical trials representing only 1%. Author Keywords: research, publication, bibliometrics, laparoscopic surgery, video-surgery KeyWords Plus: SCIENCE-CITATION-INDEX, BIBLIOMETRIC INDICATORS, HEALTH, BIOMEDICINE Addresses: Tutosaus JD, Hosp Univ Virgen del Rocio, Res Grp Andalusian Res Plan CTS 323, Avda Manuel Siurot S-N, Seville 41013, Spain Hosp Univ Virgen del Rocio, Res Grp Andalusian Res Plan CTS 323, Seville 41013, Spain Hosp Univ Virgen del Rocio, Res Grp CTS 348, Seville 41013, Spain Publisher: ARAN EDICIONES, S A, MADRID IDS Number: 464HL ISSN: 1130-0108 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *SILV PLATT INT US NAT LIB MED MEDL 1997 ALGABA J ACTA OTORRINOL ESP 4 135 1975 AMSTERDAMSKA O SCIENTOMETRICS 15 444 1989 BASULTO J PRODUCCION CIENTIFIC 1995 BRUNHANM JC JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC 263 1323 1990 CAMI J MED CLIN-BARCELONA 109 481 1997 CAMI J MED CLIN-BARCELONA 101 721 1993 ESPINOSA J MED CLIN-BARCELONA 112 182 1999 GARFIELD E CIENCIA ESPANOLA LUZ 1993 GARFIELD E SCIENCE 122 108 1955 LAMATA P REV ESP CIR OSTEOART 10 223 1975 LAMATA P REV ESP CIR OSTEOART 10 223 1975 MARTIN D REV ESP ENFERM DIG 91 447 1999 NARIN F EVALUATIVE BIBLIOMET 1976 OLSSON CA J UROLOGY 154 1866 1995 PARDO JL CIR ESP 60 207 1996 PARDO JL CIR ESP 60 302 1996 PINERO JML MED CLIN-BARCELONA 98 64 1992 PINERO JML MED CLIN-BARCELONA 98 101 1992 PINERO JML MED CLIN-BARCELONA 98 142 1992 PINERO JML MED CLIN-BARCELONA 98 384 1992 RICOY JR MED CLIN-BARCELONA 95 739 1990 RIPOLL P POLITICA CIENTIFICA 21 5 1990 SMITH R BRIT MED J 309 143 1994 SOS VJE REV ESP ENFERM DIG 91 420 1999 TUTOSAUS JD CIR ESP 65 413 1999 TUTOSAUS JD CIR ESP 64 244 1998 TUTOSAUS JD GESTIONS HOSP MED 3 26 1997 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Mar 26 15:41:28 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Tue, 26 Mar 2002 15:41:28 -0500 Subject: Garcia-Rio F, Serrano S, Dorgham A, Alvarez-Sala R, Pena AR, Pino JM, Alvarez-Sala JL, Villamor J "A bibliometric evaluation of European Union research of the respiratory system from 1987-1998" EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 17 (6): 1175-1180 JUN 2001 Message-ID: F. Garcia-Rio : Fax : 34 915771309 (Madrid, Spain) TITLE A bibliometric evaluation of European Union research of the respiratory system from 1987-1998 AUTHOR Garcia-Rio F, Serrano S, Dorgham A, Alvarez-Sala R, Pena AR, Pino JM, Alvarez-Sala JL, Villamor J JOURNAL EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 17 (6): 1175-1180 JUN 2001 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 29 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: This study analyses the evolution of the bibliometric indicators of productivity and repercussion of European Union (EU) research into the respiratory system during the period from 1987-1998, describing the geographical distribution. Using MedLine, a selection was made of those articles by EU authors published between 1987-1998 in 38 respiratory system journals classification from the Institute for Scientific Information), The journals, country of origin, number of articles and the relation to socioeconomic data, productivity index;, visibility index, expected impact factor (EIF) and relative impact factor (RIF) were all analysed, The number of EU publications in respiratory system journals experienced an exponential increase, going from 606 articles (14.3% of world production) in 1987, to 2,325 (33.2%) in 1998, During this same period, the EIF increased from 1,258 to 2,111, The greatest gross productivities were those of the UK, France, Italy and Germany, although when corrected for number of inhabitants, Sweden, the Netherlands, Belgium and Denmark headed the list. The countries with the greatest mean EIF were the Netherlands, the UK, Spain and Belgium. In conclusion, productivity and repercussions of European Union research of the respiratory system experienced an important increase during this period. Author Keywords: bibliometry, respiratory scientific information, statistics KeyWords Plus: SCIENCE-CITATION-INDEX, SPANISH SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION, BIOMEDICINE, INDICATORS, JOURNALS, PUBLICATIONS, NATIONS, CARE Addresses: Garcia-Rio F, Alfredo Marquerie 11,Izqda 1C A, Madrid 28029, Spain Hosp Univ La Paz, Serv Neumol, Madrid, Spain Hosp Clin San Carlos, Madrid, Spain Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, SHEFFIELD IDS Number: 454HT ISSN: 0903-1936 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *ECSC ECEAEC STAT OFF EUR COMM EU 1999 *I SCI INF INC J CIT REP 1987 BRAUN T SCIENTOMETRICS 34 207 1995 CAMI J MED CLIN-BARCELONA 109 481 1997 CAMI J MED CLIN-BARCELONA 109 515 1997 CAMI J MED CLIN-BARCELONA 101 721 1993 DEJONG JW EUR HEART J 17 35 1996 DIAZ FG MED CLIN-BARCELONA 113 58 1999 GARCIALOPEZ JA EUR J EPIDEMIOL 15 23 1999 GARCIARAO F ARCH BRONCONCUMOL 32 551 1996 GARCIARIO F ARCH BRONCONEUMOL 34 531 1998 GARCIARIO F ARCH BRONCONEUMOL 33 20 1997 GARCIARIO F ARCH BRONCONEUMOL S1 35 27 1999 GARCIARIO F MED CLIN-BARCELONA 115 287 2000 GARFIELD E BRIT MED J 313 411 1996 GARFIELD E CURR CONTENTS 22 5 1990 GERVAS JJ MED CLIN-BARCELONA 95 582 1990 HEFLER L LANCET 353 1856 1999 MAY RM SCIENCE 275 793 1997 MELA GS ANN RHEUM DIS 57 643 1998 MELA GS EUR J CANCER 35 1182 1999 MOED HF STATE ART BIBLIOMETR 1992 PESTANA A MED CLIN-BARCELONA 109 506 1997 PINERO JML MED CLIN-BARCELONA 98 64 1992 PINERO JML MED CLIN-BARCELONA 98 142 1992 SCHUBERT A SCIENTOMETRICS 16 3 1989 SHAHLA M INTENS CARE MED 21 7 1995 SIMILOWSKI T REV MAL RESPIR 12 543 1995 YAMAZAKI S NATURE 372 125 1994 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Tue Mar 26 15:43:25 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Tue, 26 Mar 2002 15:43:25 -0500 Subject: O'Neill AL, Duffey MA "Communication of research and practice knowledge in nursing literature" NURSING RESEARCH 49 (4): 224-230 JUL-AUG 2000 Message-ID: Ann L. O'Neill : aoneill at ala.org TITLE Communication of research and practice knowledge in nursing literature AUTHOR O'Neill AL, Duffey MA JOURNAL NURSING RESEARCH 49 (4): 224-230 JUL-AUG 2000 Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 36 Times Cited: 0 Abstract: Background: Previous research did not indicate whether communication occurred between the research and practice components of nursing knowledge. Objectives: This study was designed to examine the extent of communication between or within the nursing-research and nursing-practice components of the nursing literature. Methods: Specific citing/cited relationships from the Current Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) are analyzed using citation analysis. The sample was taken from the population of indexed documents that contained references, that had the subject code of nursing, and that were originally published in the United States or Canada in 1989. Results: The results show that authors of research articles tend to cite research articles more often than practice articles, and that authors of practice articles tend to cite practice articles more often than research articles. Authors with research degrees publish research articles more often than would be expected by chance, and authors with clinical and undergraduate degrees publish practice articles more often than expected. Authors associated with research institutions tend to publish research articles, and those affiliated with service institutions tend to publish practice articles. Most cited documents (69.4%) are from disciplines other than nursing. Conclusions: The existence of communication between the research and the practice component of nursing knowledge was demonstrated and appears to be more prevalent than previously indicated. Further research on how the cited literature is used would enable us to know about the depth and quality of the communication event and to note variations as the body of nursing knowledge evolves. Author Keywords: nursing knowledge, professional communication, citation analysis KeyWords Plus: JOURNALS Addresses: O'Neill AL, Amer Lib Assoc, Sch Nursing, 50 E Huron St, Chicago, IL 60611 USA Amer Lib Assoc, Sch Nursing, Chicago, IL 60611 USA Univ N Carolina, Sch Nursing, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, PHILADELPHIA IDS Number: 453LQ ISSN: 0029-6562 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year BARTA KM J PROF NURS 11 49 1995 BICESTEPHENS W J NURSING STAFF DEV 4 158 1988 BRETT JLL NURS RES 36 344 1987 CARPER BA ADV NURS SCI 1 13 1978 DAURIA JP DISS ABSTR INT B 53 1782 1992 DONALDSON SK NURS OUTLOOK 26 113 1978 DUFFY ME NURSING HLTH CARE 6 238 1985 ELSE JF SOC WORK 23 267 1978 FAGIN CM HEART LUNG 11 65 1982 FISHER AG J ALLIED HEALTH 18 143 1989 FREIDSON E PROFESSIONAL POWERS 1986 GAY JT IMAGE J NURS SCH 21 246 1989 GROSSMAN M J ADV NURS 18 866 1993 HAYTER J NURS RES 33 357 1984 HUNT J J ADV NURS 6 189 1981 JOHNSON JE 51 CONV HON HAW JUN 125 1979 KETEFIAN S NURS RES 24 89 1975 KILBY SA NURS OUTLOOK 39 82 1991 KIRCHHOFF KT NURS RES 31 196 1982 KOVER AJ J MARKETING RES 13 339 1976 LINDSEY D SOC SERV REV 66 295 1992 MESSLER EC DISS ABSTR INT B 35 1767 1974 MILLER JR AM J NURS 78 632 1978 NARIN F ANN REV INFORMATION 12 35 1977 NEWMAN M J PROFESSIONAL NURSI 6 167 1990 OCONNELL KA NURSING PROFESSION V 161 1978 PELZER NL B MED LIBR ASSOC 79 10 1991 PUETZ BE J NURSING STAFF DEV 4 89 1988 SCHMITT MH RES NURSING HLTH 14 34 1991 SMITH LC LIBR TRENDS 30 83 1981 STETLER CB CLIN NURSE SPECIALIS 5 151 1991 VANFLEET C J ED LIB INFORMATION 34 137 1993 VAZ D J CONTINUING ED NURS 17 22 1986 WHITE HD SCHOLARLY COMMUNICAT 84 1990 WILFORD SL DISS ABSTR INT B 50 3408 1989 WOOLF SH B MED LIBR ASSOC 77 372 1989 From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Wed Mar 27 16:14:48 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Wed, 27 Mar 2002 16:14:48 -0500 Subject: Papers from CORTEX 37 (4): 575-610 SEP 2001 - on bibliometrics Message-ID: It is a rare event when the editor of a scientific journal devotes one quarter of an issue to bibliometrics. But that has recently occured in the September 2001 issue of CORTEX a journal which is published by Masson, edited by Sergio Della Sala (Editor, Aberdeen, UK) and Jordan Grafman (Co-editor, Bethesda, USA) and remarkablly is available free on the web without a password at URL. Here we have listed the usual bibliographic information for each paper but you can view the full text at the URL specified. Eugene Garfield When responding, please attach my original message ______________________________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. http://www.the-scientist.com Chairman Emeritus, ISI http://www.isinet.com Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) http://www.asis.org ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Laura D'Odorico : laura.dodorico at unimib.it Full Text Available : www.masson.it/cortex/pdf/vol37/issue4/578-579.pdf TITLE The citation impact factor in developmental psychology AUTHOR D'Odorico L JOURNAL CORTEX 37 (4): 578-579 SEP 2001 Document type: Editorial Material Language: English Cited References: 10 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: D'Odorico L, Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Psicol, Piazza Ateneo Nuovo 1, I-20126 Milan, Italy Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Psicol, I-20126 Milan, Italy Publisher: MASSON DIVISIONE PERIODICI, MILAN IDS Number: 487AG ISSN: 0010-9452 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year CHILD DEV 72 2001 CHILD DEV 71 2000 INFANT BEHAV DEV 23 2000 INFANT BEHAV DEV 22 1999 INFANT BEHAV DEV 21 1998 J CHILD LANGUAGE 27 2000 J CHILD LANGUAGE 26 1999 JCHILD LANGUAGE 28 2001 MCGARTY C CURRENT RES SOCIAL P 5 2000 TALAMANCA AF M VAL RIC BOL 27 JUN 2000 ____________________________________________________________________________ D.P. Carey : d.carey at abdn.ac.uk Full Text Available : www.masson.it/cortex/pdf/vol37/issue4/580-582.pdf TITLE Citation impact of individuals and journals AUTHOR Carey DP JOURNAL CORTEX 37 (4): 580-582 SEP 2001 Document type: Editorial Material Language: English Cited References: 0 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: Carey DP, Univ Aberdeen, Neuropsychol Res Grp, Old Aberdeen AB24 2UB, Scotland Univ Aberdeen, Neuropsychol Res Grp, Old Aberdeen AB24 2UB, Scotland Publisher: MASSON DIVISIONE PERIODICI, MILAN IDS Number: 487AG ISSN: 0010-9452 ____________________________________________________________________________ C. Jennings Editor, Nature Neuroscience Full Text Available : www.masson.it/cortex/pdf/vol37/issue4/585-589.pdf TITLE Citation data: The wrong impact? (Reprinted from Nature Neuroscience, vol 1, pg 641-643, 1998) AUTHOR Jennings C JOURNAL CORTEX 37 (4): 585-589 SEP 2001 Document type: Reprint Language: English Cited References: 3 Times Cited: 0 Publisher: MASSON DIVISIONE PERIODICI, MILAN IDS Number: 487AG ISSN: 0010-9452 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year GARFIELD E THEORETICAL MED 13 117 1992 JENNINGS C NAT NEUROSCI 1 641 1998 SEGLEN PO BRIT MED J 314 498 1997 ____________________________________________________________________________ P. Jacso : jacso at hawaii.edu Full Text Available : www.masson.it/cortex/pdf/vol37/issue4/590-594.pdf TITLE A deficiency in the algorithm for calculating the impact factor of scholarly journals: The journal impact factor AUTHOR Jacso P JOURNAL CORTEX 37 (4): 590-594 SEP 2001 Document type: Editorial Material Language: English Cited References: 5 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: Jacso P, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Informat & Comp Sci, 2550 The Mall,Hamilton Bldg 36, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Informat & Comp Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA Publisher: MASSON DIVISIONE PERIODICI, MILAN IDS Number: 487AG ISSN: 0010-9452 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *ISI ISI GLOSS GARFIELD E CURR CONTENTS 25 3 1994 JACSO P IMPACT INCONSISTENT 2001 JACSO P ONLINE INFORM REV 24 180 2000 MOED HF J AM SOC INFORM SCI 46 461 1995 ____________________________________________________________________________ J. Rey-Rocha : j.rey at cindoc.csic.es Full Text Available : www.masson.it/cortex/pdf/vol37/issue4/595-597.pdf TITLE Some misuses of journal impact factor in research evaluation AUTHOR Rey-Rocha J, Martin-Sempere MJ, Martinez-Frias J, Lopez-Vera F JOURNAL CORTEX 37 (4): 595-597 SEP 2001 Document type: Editorial Material Language: English Cited References: 15 Times Cited: 0 KeyWords Plus: SCIENCE, ENGLISH, TOOL Addresses: Rey-Rocha J, CSIC, Spanish Council Sci Res, Ctr Sci Informat & Documentat, Joaquin Costa 22, Madrid 28002, Spain CSIC, Spanish Council Sci Res, Ctr Sci Informat & Documentat, Madrid 28002, Spain CSIC, Spanish Council Sci Res, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Geol, Madrid 28002, Spain Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Sci, Dept Agr Chem Geol & Geochem, Madrid, Spain Publisher: MASSON DIVISIONE PERIODICI, MILAN IDS Number: 487AG ISSN: 0010-9452 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year *ISI SCI CIT IND GUID LIS 1998 *NAT SCI BOARD SCI ENG IND 2000 2000 GARFIELD E CITATION INDEXING IT 149 1979 GARFIELD E SCI PUBL POLICY 19 321 1992 GARFIELD E SCIENTOMETRICS 1 359 1979 HANSSON S LANCET 346 906 1995 KATZ JS SCI PUBL POLICY 27 23 2000 KIMLEY S P 28 M GEOSC INF SOC 23 1994 MACROBERTS MH SCIENTOMETRICS 1 359 1996 MOED HF P 7 C INT SOC SCIENT 341 1999 PARIS G NATURE 396 210 1998 REGUANT S MICROBIOLOGIA SEM 11 499 1995 REGUANT S SCIENTOMETRICS 29 335 1994 REYROCHA J NATURE 397 14 1999 VANLEEUWEN TN RES EVALUAT 8 155 2000 ____________________________________________________________________________ Kenneth M. Adams : kmadams at umich.edu Full Text Available : www.masson.it/cortex/pdf/vol37/issue4/600-603.pdf TITLE Impact factors: Aiming at the wrong target AUTHOR Adams KM JOURNAL CORTEX 37 (4): 600-603 SEP 2001 Document type: Editorial Material Language: English Cited References: 6 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: Adams KM, Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor Vet Affairs Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor Vet Affairs Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor Vet Affairs Hlth Syst, Dept Psychol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA Publisher: MASSON DIVISIONE PERIODICI, MILAN IDS Number: 487AG ISSN: 0010-9452 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year BJORNEBORN L SCIENTOMETRICS 50 65 2001 DUMONTIER C REV CHIR ORTHOP 87 115 2001 GARFIELD E BRIT MED J 313 411 1996 GARFIELD E CAN MED ASSOC J 161 979 1999 GARFIELD E THEORETICAL MED 13 117 1992 HOEY J CAN MED ASSOC J 164 747 2001 ____________________________________________________________________________ Thed N. van Leeuwen : leeuwen at cwts.leidenuniv.nl Full Text Available : www.masson.it/cortex/pdf/vol37/issue4/607-610.pdf TITLE Development and application of new journal impact measures AUTHOR van Leeuwen TN, Moed HF JOURNAL CORTEX 37 (4): 607-610 SEP 2001 Document type: Editorial Material Language: English Cited References: 7 Times Cited: 0 KeyWords Plus: INSTITUTE Addresses: van Leeuwen TN, Leiden Univ, CWTS, Ctr Sci & Technol Studies, POB 9555, NL-2300 RB Leiden, Netherlands Leiden Univ, CWTS, Ctr Sci & Technol Studies, NL-2300 RB Leiden, Netherlands Publisher: MASSON DIVISIONE PERIODICI, MILAN IDS Number: 487AG ISSN: 0010-9452 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year GARFIELD E CITATION INDEXING IT 1979 MOED HF J AM SOC INFORM SCI 46 461 1995 MOED HF J DOC 54 387 1998 MOED HF NATURE 381 186 1996 MOED HF SCIENTOMETRICS 46 575 1999 MOED HF SCIENTOMETRICS 37 105 1996 VANLEEUWEN TN J INFORM SCI 25 489 1999 ____________________________________________________________________________ Henry (Gus) Buchtel : gusb at umich.edu Full Text Available at : www.masson.it/cortex/pdf/vol37/issue4/455-456.pdf TITLE Introduction to forum on impact factors AUTHOR Buchtel HA JOURNAL CORTEX 37 (4): 455-456 SEP 2001 Document type: Editorial Material Language: English Cited References: 1 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: Buchtel HA, Psychol Serv 116 B, Med Ctr, 2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor Vet Affairs Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor Vet Affairs Hlth Syst, Dept Psychol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA Publisher: MASSON DIVISIONE PERIODICI, MILAN IDS Number: 487AG ISSN: 0010-9452 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year GARFIELD E BRIT MED J 313 411 1996 ____________________________________________________________________________ R.N. Kostoff : kostofr at onr.navy.mil Full Text Available : www.masson.it/cortex/pdf/vol37/issue4/604-606.pdf TITLE Normalization for citation analysis AUTHOR Kostoff RN JOURNAL CORTEX 37 (4): 604-606 SEP 2001 Document type: Editorial Material Language: English Cited References: 5 Times Cited: 0 Addresses: Kostoff RN, Off Naval Res, 800 N Quincy St, Arlington, VA 22217 USA Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA Publisher: MASSON DIVISIONE PERIODICI, MILAN IDS Number: 487AG ISSN: 0010-9452 Cited Author Cited Work Volume Page Year DELRIO JA CITATION MINING CITI 2001 KOSTOFF RN IN PRESS JASIS KOSTOFF RN J INFORM SCI 23 4 1997 KOSTOFF RN P 12 INT S METH INT 2000 SCHUBERT A SCIENTOMETRICS 36 3 1996 ____________________________________________________________________________ From garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU Fri Mar 29 12:49:05 2002 From: garfield at CODEX.CIS.UPENN.EDU (Eugene Garfield) Date: Fri, 29 Mar 2002 12:49:05 -0500 Subject: Diamond AM "The Economics of Science" Knowledge and Policy The International Journal of Knowledge Transfer and ltilization, Summer/Fall 1996, Vol. 9, Nos. 2 & 3, pp. 6-49. Message-ID: Dear Colleagues: In case you are like myself and missed this superb article by a leading economist-bilbiometrician, he has graciously provided our list access to the full text at the URL indicated below. Eugene Garfield When responding, please attach my original message _______________________________________________________________________ Eugene Garfield, PhD. email: garfield at codex.cis.upenn.edu home page: www.eugenegarfield.org Tel: 215-243-2205 Fax 215-387-1266 President, The Scientist LLC. http://www.the-scientist.com Chairman Emeritus, ISI http://www.isinet.com Past President, American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) _______________________________________________________________________ Arthur M. Diamond : adiamond at mail.unomaha.edu AUTHOR Arthur M. Diamond TITLE The Economics of Science JOURNAL Knowledge and Policy The International Journal of Knowledge Transfer and ltilization, Summer/Fall 1996, Vol. 9, Nos. 2 & 3, pp. 6-49. Full text available at : http://cba.unomaha.edu/faculty/adiamond/web/DiamondPDFs/EconScience.pdf List of papers that have cited the above paper: Cohendet P, Meyer-Krahmer F The theoretical and policy implications of knowledge codification RES POLICY 30 (9): 1563-1591 Sp. Iss. SI DEC 2001 Diamond AM The complementarity of scientometrics and economics ASIST MON SER : 321-336 2000 Diamond AM The complementarity of scientometrics and economics ASIST MONOGR SER : 321-336 2000 Diamond AM Does federal funding "crowd in" private funding of science? CONTEMP ECON POLICY 17 (4): 423-431 OCT 1999 Rouse WB, Boff KR R & D/technology management: A framework for putting technology to work IEEE T SYST MAN CY C 28 (4): 501-515 NOV 1998 Rouse WB, Thomas BS, Boff KR Knowledge maps for knowledge mining: Application to R & D/technology management IEEE T SYST MAN CY C 28 (3): 309-317 AUG 1998 David PA Common agency contracting and the emergence of "open science" institutions AM ECON REV 88 (2): 15-21 MAY 1998 EXCERPT FROM THE PAPER: The Economics of Science Arthur M. Diamond, Jr. Increasing the ?truth per dollar? of money spent on science is one legitimate long-run goal of the economics of science. But before this goal can be achieved, we need to increase our knowledge of the successes and failures of past and current reward structures of science. This essay reviews what economists have learned about the behavior of scientists and the reward structure of science. One important use of such knowledge will be to help policy-makers create a reward structure that is more efficient in the future. Introduction George Stigler has noted (1982a:112) that the scientific study of scientists has been mainly undertaken by sociologists rather than by economists -- there is an organized subdiscipline of sociology called ?the sociology of science? (Mulkay, 1980), but no organized subdiscipline of economics called ?the economics of science.? The scarcity of work on this topic is surprising since the tools of economics might contribute to the understanding of the behavior of scientists in several ways. The primary thesis of this review essay will be that the economist?s utility maximizing model of human behavior and econometric tools for analyzing data are necessary for anyone who hop1.s to have a complete understanding of the advance of science and the behavior of scientists. Although I hope that this essay will be useful to economists, it is written to be accessible to non-economists. The essay will have several related goals. One will be to survey the literature and to examine how far economists have come in understanding science. A second will be to integrate what non-economists and economists have learned about the reward structure of science (including my own research on the economic value of citations and on the career consequences to scientists of having chosen a mistaken research project). A third will be to idmtify the areas where work remains to be done. Following Milton Friedman?s (1966) famous distinction between ?positive? and ?normative? economics, this research wil1 focus mainly on the "positive" side. Positive economics is the part of economics that focuses on descriptive and causal knowledge as opposed to explicit policy prescriptions. Stigler sometimes justified a focus on positive economics by saying that whether you are a firefighter or an incendiary, you still need to know what causes fire. The justification for the focus on positive economics in this essay is partly that it allows the project to be narrowed sufficiently so that it is tractable. But, mainly, the justification is my belief that only limited progress can be made on normative or prescriptive issues until a firmer analytic and descriptive foundation has been laid. More concretely, we are more likely to effectively reform scientific institutions (or methodologies) when we have a clearer understanding of which institutions (or methodologies) have been successful in the past. The case studies that are discussed by the historian, the anthropologist, and by some sociologists, are important for laying a firm positive foundation. But the economist's models of individual and institutional behavior and the economist's tools of systematic data analysis also have something important to contribute. Another interpretation of "economics of science" that will largely be absent from the current research is what might be called "economic impact analysis'' of particular (and usually controversial) scientific or technical developments. A primary exemplar of a study that makes use of economics in this way is reported by Busch and his colleagues in Plants, Power, and Profit (1991). While such work is undeniably valuable, it is different from what I propose to undertake here. Busch is using economics to understand the impact of some "Scientific results," while we are using economics to understand "scientists" and "scientific" institutions. The review essay begins with a survey of the existing literature on economic explanations of the behavior of scientists and scientific institutions. The human capital and implicit contracts literatures of the behavior of scientists are discussed, the latter elaborated in terms of the issue of tenure. The most common theoretical economic analysis of the university is the view that it is best thought of as a nonprofit organization. Variants of this view are discussed, with special attention to the literature on rent-seeking in academe. In the second broad section of the essay, the econometric literature on the economics of science is discussed in the areas of scientific institutions, scientific production and earnings functions, and the earnings and status of minority scientists. The best known and appreciated research in the economics of science concerns issues of how science contributes to technology and economic growth. Theory, case studies and systematic econometric analysis have all been brought to bear on these issues. Although we will sketch some of the highlights of this literature in the third broad section of the essay, we will not do the literature justice. To fully and fairly survey this literature is not possible because of the space it would require, and perhaps not necessary because the literature is already visible.