[Asis-l] JASIST TOC, 54, # 14; Dec. 2003
Richard Hill
rhill at asis.org
Fri Nov 14 15:31:46 EST 2003
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Volume 54, Number 14. December 2003
[Note: at the end of this message are URLs for viewing contents of JASIST
from past issues. Below, the contents of Bert Boyce’s “In this Issue” has
been cut into the Table of Contents.]
CONTENTS
EDITORIAL
In This Issue
Bert R. Boyce
1267
RESEARCH
Automating Survey Coding by Multiclass Text Categorization Techniques
Daniela Giorgetti and Fabrizio Sebastiani
Published online 21 July 2003
1269
In this issue Giorgetti, and Sebastiani suggest that answers to open ended
questions in survey instruments can be coded automatically by creating
classifiers which learn from training sets of manually coded answers. The
manual effort required is only that of classifying a
representative set of documents, not creating a dictionary of words that
trigger an assignment. They use a naive Bayesian probabilistic learner from
Mc Callum’s RAINBOW package and the multi-class support vector machine
learner from Hsu and Lin’s BSVM package, both examples of text
categorization techniques. Data from the 1996 General Social Survey by the
U.S. National Opinion Research Center provided a set of answers to three
questions (previously tested by Viechnicki using a dictionary approach),
their associated manually assigned category codes, and a complete set of
predefined category codes. The learners were run on three random disjoint
subsets of the answer sets to create the classifiers and a remaining set
was used as a test set. The dictionary approach is out preformed by 18% for
RAINBOW and by 17% for BSVM, while the standard deviation of the results is
reduced by 28% and 34% respectively over the dictionary approach.
Network Influences on Scholarly Communication in Developmental Dyslexia: A
Longitudinal
Follow-up
Claudia A. Perry
Published online 25 July 2003
1278
Perry collects co-citation data for the years 1994 to 1998 on 74
Developmental Dyslexia researchers whose co-citation patterns and
personally reported interactions she originally studied form 1976 to 1993.
The original study indicated discrepancies between sociometric and
bibliometric networks of interaction, delays in the emergence of new
perspectives and the possibility of the convergence of perspectives
facilitated by central researchers. Mapping for the present study was done
by multi-dimensional scaling rather than the principle components factor
analysis in the earlier study, but both clustering techniques and factor
analysis were applied to the new data. Researchers with phonological and
with neuroscience perspectives area associated with different co-citation
patterns. Research groups grow more distinct over time with the
neuroscience-vision subgroup increasing in density, but other sub-groups
showing some tendency toward integration. The personal networks differences
with the co-citation network persist and the assumption that one reflects
the other is not supported.
Nodes of Topicality: Modeling User Notions of On Topic Documents
Howard Greisdorf and Brian O'Connor
Published online 25 July 2003
1296
Griesdorf and O’Connor attempt to determine the aspects of a retrieved item
that provide a questioner with evidence that the item is in fact on the
topic searched independent of its relevance. To this end they collect data
from 32 participants, 11 from the business community as well as 21 doctoral
students at the University of North Texas each of whom were asked to state
if they considered material that approaches a topic in each of 14 specific
manners as “ on topic” or “off topic.” Chi-square indicates that the
observed values are significantly different from expected values and the
chi-square residuals for on topic judgements exceed plus or minus
two in eight cases and plus two in five cases. The positive values which
indicate a percentage of response greater than that from chance suggest
that documents considered topical are only related to the problem at hand,
contain terms that were in the query, and describe, explain or expand the
topic of the query. The chi-square residuals for off topic judgements
exceed plus or minus two in ten cases and plus two in four cases. The
positive values suggest that documents considered not topical exhibit a
contrasting, contrary, or confounding point of view, or merely spark
curiosity. Such material might well be relevant, but is not judged topical.
This suggests that topical appropriateness may best be achieved using the
Bruza, et alia, left compositional monotonicity approach.
Bibliographic Index Coverage of a Multidisciplinary Field
William H. Walters and Esther I. Wilder
Published online 28 July 2003
1305
Walters and Wilder describe the literature of later-life migration, a
multi-disciplinary topic, and evaluate its bibliographic coverage in seven
disciplinary and five multi-disciplinary databases. Multiple database
searches and reviews of the references of found items discovered over 500
papers published between January 1990 and December 2000. These were then
read to determine if late-life migration was their central focus, and to
select those which presented noteworthy findings, innovative approaches, or
were covering topics unseen elsewhere, and also were understandable to a
broad readership, and generally available. One hundred and fifty five
journal articles met these criteria and are the focus of the study. The
core journals of sociology, economics, and demography are not major
contributors, but three gerontology journals are in the top five. The top
two journals have broad coverage, but the others tend to concentrate on one
of five themes. The top five journals account for 40 % of papers and the
top twelve 70%. Of nine papers cited 30 or more times seven appeared in the
top 12 contributing journals. The median article in the study was indexed
by six of the twelve databases, and 12% were indexed by more than 7
databases. The correlation between citation and number of databases
indexing a paper is very low. Social Sciences Citation Index will 73%
coverage. Typical overlap in the 12 databases is about 45%.
Bibliographic and Web Citations: What Is the Difference?
Liwen Vaughan and Debora Shaw
Published online 21 July 2003
1313
Vaughn, and Shaw look at the relationship between traditional citation and
Web citation (not hyperlinks but rather textual mentions of published
papers). Using English language research journals in ISI’s 2000 Journal
Citation Reportƒ s ƒ Information and Library Scienceƒ category 1209
full length papers published in 1997 in 46 journals were identified. Each
was searched in Social Science Citation Index and on the Web using Google
phrase search by entering the title in quotation marks, and followed for
distinction where necessary with sub-titles, authorƒ s names, and journal
title words. After removing obvious false drops, the number of web sites
was recorded for comparison with the SSCI counts. A second sample from 1992
was also collected for examination. There were a total of 16,371 web
citations to the selected papers. The top and bottom ranked four journals
were then examined and every third citation to every third paper was
selected and classified as to source type, domain, and country of origin.
Web counts are much higher than ISI citation counts. Of the 46 journals
from 1997, 26 demonstrated a significant correlation between Web and
traditional citation counts, and 11 of the 15 in the 1992 sample also
showed significant correlation. Journal impact factor in 1998 and 1999
correlated significantly with average Web citations per journal in the 1997
data, but at a low level. Thirty percent of web citations come from other
papers posted on the web, and 30percent from listings of web based
bibliographic services, while twelve percent come from class reading lists.
High web citation journals often have web accessible tables of content.
AUTHOR INDEX 1325
SUBJECT INDEX 1331
VOLUME CONTENTS I
------------------------------------------------------
The ASIS web site <http://www.asis.org/Publications/JASIS/tocs.html>
contains the Table of Contents and brief abstracts as above from January
1993 (Volume 44) to date.
The John Wiley Interscience site <http://www.interscience.wiley.com>
includes issues from 1986 (Volume 37) to date. Guests have access only to
tables of contents and abstracts. Registered users of the interscience
site have access to the full text of these issues and to preprints.
Executive Director
American Society for Information Science and Technology
1320 Fenwick Lane, Suite 510
Silver Spring, MD 20910
FAX: (301) 495-0810
PHONE: (301) 495-0900
http://www.asis.org
More information about the Asis-l
mailing list